Antimicrobial and cytotoxic activity of Streptomyces sp. from Lonar Lake

Antibacterial substances from actinomycetes were isolated from marine environment of Lonar Lake and characterized. Out of the 24 isolates subjected to secondary screening, 12 isolates were active againstBacillus subtilis, 13 against Staphylococcus aureus, 7 against Escherichia coli, 3 against Proteus vulgaris and 4 against Salmonella typhi. Metabolites in the extract of broth of 48 hrgrown Streptomyces spp. culture no.2 proved to have antimicrobial and cytotoxic against human lung carcinoma cell A549

To study and compare the effectiveness of transobturator tape versus Kelly’s repair in the treatment of female stress urinary incontinence

Background: To compare the effectiveness of transobturator tape (TOT) versus Kelly’s repair in the treatment of female stress urinary incontinence.Methods: A retrospective experimental comparative study was conducted in the department of obstetrics and gynaecology in Lokmanya Tilak Municipal General Hospital, Mumbai, India from 2015 to 2016. A cohort of 60 patients was divided in two groups of 30 each. In group 1, patients who underwent transobturator tape fixation were included. In group 2 patients who underwent Kelly’s repair and outcomes were compared with a follow up of 1 year post surgery.Results: Out of 30 patients included in group 1, 29 slings were successful and 1 had a surgical failure in terms of persistence of stress incontinence whereas 3 had persistent symptom in group 2. 2 patients in group 1 and 4 in group 2 had urinary retention in the immediate postoperative phase. Dyspareunia occurred in 1 TOT patient and 3 Kelly’s repair. None had symptoms of overactive bladder in group 1, whereas group 2 had 1 patient with overactive bladder symptoms. None developed erosion in a 1 year follow up period.Conclusions: The transobturator approach is an effective treatment of SUI with higher cure rate, low morbidity, good patient satisfaction and faster recovery

Blockchain and Various Application Areas

Since the considerable ascent in the estimation of the digital money Bitcoin, which utilizes a blockchain for bookkeeping, there has been a huge enthusiasm for blockchain innovation. A blockchain is a transparent distributed ledger which is revolutionising the financial services industry by legimatizing millions across the globe to authenticate and transact immediately, without the involvement of expensive third-parties.Blockchain innovation is named as the 'Fifth Evolution' of processing. Till date, Bitcoin is the most generally utilized application utilizing blockchain innovation. But now days it is applied in almost every field, like finance, agriculture geospatial areas, gaming etc. The paper is emphasizing on different kinds of blockchains and the applications

Assessment of health equity consideration in masking/PPE policies to contain COVID-19 using PROGRESS-plus framework: a systematic review

INTRODUCTION: There is increasing evidence that COVID-19 has unmasked the true magnitude of health inequity worldwide. Policies and guidance for containing the infection and reducing the COVID-19 related deaths have proven to be effective, however the extent to which health inequity factors were considered in these policies is rather unknown. The aim of this study is to measure the extent to which COVID-19 related policies reflect equity considerations by focusing on the global policy landscape around wearing masks and personal protection equipment (PPE). METHODS: A systematic search for published documents on COVID-19 and masks/PPE was conducted across six databases: PubMed, EMBASE, CINAHL, ERIC, ASSIA and Psycinfo. Reviews, policy documents, briefs related to COVID-19 and masks/PPE were included in the review. To assess the extent of incorporation of equity in the policy documents, a guidance framework known as ‘PROGRESS-Plus’: Place of residence, Race/ethnicity, Occupation, Gender/sex, Religion, Education, Socioeconomic status, Social capital, Plus (age, disability etc.) was utilized. RESULTS: This review included 212 policy documents. Out of 212 policy documents, 190 policy documents (89.62%) included at least one PROGRESS-plus component. Most of the policy documents (n = 163, 85.79%) focused on “occupation” component of the PROGRESS-plus followed by personal characteristics associated with discrimination (n = 4;2.11%), place of residence (n = 2;1.05%) and education (n = 1;0.53%). Subgroup analysis revealed that most of the policy documents (n = 176, 83.01%) were focused on “workers” such as healthcare workers, mortuary workers, school workers, transportation workers, essential workers etc. Of the remaining policy documents, most were targeted towards whole population (n = 30; 14.15%). Contrary to “worker focused” policy documents, most of the ‘whole population focused’ policy documents didn’t have a PROGRESS-plus equity component rendering them equity limiting for the society. CONCLUSION: Our review highlights even if policies considered health inequity during the design/implementation, this consideration was often one dimensional in nature. In addition, population wide policies should be carefully designed and implemented after identifying relevant equity related barriers in order to produce better outcomes for the whole society

Grammar Generation and Optimization from Multiple Inputs

Human being uses multiple modes like speech, text, facial expression, hand gesture, showing picture etc. for communication in between them. The use of this ways for communication makes human communication more simple and fast. In previous years several techniques are used to bring the human computer interaction more closely. It costs more for development and maintenance of Multimodal grammar in integrating and understanding input in multimodal interfaces i.e. using multiple input ways. This leads to improve and investigate more robust algorithm. The proposed system generates the grammar from multiple inputs called as multimodal grammar and evaluates grammar description length. Furthermore, to optimize the multimodal grammar proposed system uses learning operators which improves grammar description DOI: 10.17762/ijritcc2321-8169.15016

Investigation of Ignition of Liquid Propellant in Reservoir in Regenerative Liquid Propellant Gun Trials

It is important to understand the internal ballistic processes for the development of regenerative liquid propellant guns (RLPGs). A 30 mm RLPG test fixture was developed and firing trials were conducted to study the performance of the gun. During the trials, sometimes, combustion ignition in the reservoir took place resulting in substantial damage to the injection piston. This paper highlights the possible causes of this combustion and offers suggestions. regarding improvement in the design. An elaborate instrumentation set-up which could pinpoint the specific conditions leading to failures is suggested

A study on some microbial indices and nutrient matters in the southern part of Caspian Sea; Guilan province

The microbial pollutions and nutrient matters of the southern part of Caspian Sea is to be under close scrutiny as it is vital to tourist health and environmental conservation. In this research, some physico-chemical factors, nutrient matters, oxygen demand parameters and microbial indices were investigated. Sampling from nine sites along Astara to Chaboksar coastline were conducted with five replicates. The mean of temperature, Salinity, pH, phosphate, and nitrate, FC, TC, BOD5 and COD were respectively obtained as 22.48°C, 8.5ppt, 8.27, 0.43mg/l, 2.21mg/l, 144MPN/100ml, 626.9MPN/100ml, 3.58mg/l and 9.43 mg/l. Maximum levels of nutrient matters were measured at Anzali and Kiyashahr sites. Results showed there are positive correlations between nutrient matters as well as COD with microbial indices. The average of microbial indices at nine sampling sites were higher than the permissible level of national and international organizations for swimming places. Due to high level of microbial pollution at Anzali and Chobar sampling sites, the swimming places of these areas require specific administration

Osteological description of Indian Skipper Frog Euphlyctis cyanophlyctis (Anura: Dicroglossidae) from the Western Ghats of India

The present study provides description of the osteology of Skipper Frog Euphlyctis cyanophlyctis. Seven adult specimens of E. cyanophlyctis from northern Western Ghats of India were cleared and double stained for studying osteological characteristics. The baseline description of osteological characters of cranial and post-cranial elements (paired nasals, tubular sphenethmoid, well-developed vomerine teeth, arciferal pectoral girdle, fan-shaped omosternum, cartilaginous W-shaped xiphisternum, hind limb with longest cylindrical humerus, V-shaped pectoral girdle and phalangeal appendages) provided in present study will help in further taxonomic investigations of the genus Euphlyctis. Further, the baseline information on osteology of Skipper frog will serve as a reference material for investigations related to malformations, either in this or related species. We also provide first observation on sacro-pelvic malformation in one of the studied specimens

Removal of reactive black 5 dye from aqueous solutions by Fe3O4@SiO2-APTES nanoparticles

In this study, Fe3O4@SiO2-APTES nanoparticles were successfully synthesized via a one-pot route in order to remove reactive black 5 dye from aqueous solutions. To obtain optimal conditions on the dye removal efficiency, the effects of various parameters were investigated including solution pH, initial dye concentration, and absorbent dosage. According to the experimental results, the removal efficiency of the dye decreased with increasing in pH and initial dye concentration, as well as with decreased adsorbent dosage. In fact, about 100.00 % of reactive black 5 was removed from aqueous solution using Fe3O4@SiO2-APTES NPs at the adsorbent amount of 0.4 g L^-1 and pH = 3 in 90 min. The kinetics were found well match with pseudo-second-order equation. The isotherm analysis indicated that the equilibrium data were well fitted to the Langmuir isotherm model, showing a monolayer adsorption manner of the dyes on homogeneous surface of nanoparticles. Also, the results of absorbent recycling showed that this nanoparticle could be reused up to 6 times with high efficiency

Sortase anchored proteins of Streptococcus uberis play major roles in the pathogenesis of bovine mastitis in dairy cattle

Streptococcus uberis, strain 0140J, contains a single copy sortase A (srtA), encoding a transamidase capable of covalently anchoring specific proteins to peptidoglycan. Unlike the wild-type, an isogenic mutant carrying an inactivating ISS1 insertion within srtA was only able to infect the bovine mammary gland in a transient fashion. For the first 24 h post challenge, the srtA mutant colonised at a similar rate and number to the wild type strain, but unlike the wild type did not subsequently colonise in higher numbers. Similar levels of host cell infiltration were detected in response to infection with both strains, but only in those mammary quarters infected with the wild type strain were clinical signs of disease evident. Mutants that failed to express individual sortase substrate proteins (sub0135, sub0145, sub0207, sub0241, sub0826, sub0888, sub1095, sub1154, sub1370, and sub1730) were isolated and their virulence determined in the same challenge model. This revealed that mutants lacking sub0145, sub1095 and sub1154 were attenuated in cattle. These data demonstrate that a number of sortase anchored proteins each play a distinct, non-redundant and important role in pathogenesis of S. uberis infection within the lactating bovine mammary gland