78 research outputs found
Quantum-state extraction from high-Q cavities
The problem of extraction of a single-mode quantum state from a high-Q cavity
is studied for the case in which the time of preparation of the quantum state
of the cavity mode is short compared with its decay time. The temporal
evolution of the quantum state of the field escaping from the cavity is
calculated in terms of phase-space functions. A general condition is derived
under which the quantum state of the pulse built up outside the cavity is a
nearly perfect copy of the quantum state the cavity field was initially
prepared in. The results show that unwanted losses prevent the realization of a
nearly perfect extraction of nonclassical quantum states from high-Q optical
microcavities with presently available technology.Comment: RevTeX4, 9 pages with 6 figures; extended version as submitted to
Phys. Rev.
A room-temperature alternating current susceptometer - Data analysis, calibration, and test
An AC susceptometer operating in the range of 10 Hz to 100 kHz and at room
temperature is designed, built, calibrated and used to characterize the
magnetic behaviour of coated magnetic nanoparticles. Other weakly magnetic
materials (in amounts of some millilitres) can be analyzed as well. The setup
makes use of a DAQ-based acquisition system in order to determine the amplitude
and the phase of the sample magnetization as a function of the frequency of the
driving magnetic field, which is powered by a digital waveform generator. A
specific acquisition strategy makes the response directly proportional to the
sample susceptibility, taking advantage of the differential nature of the coil
assembly. A calibration method based on conductive samples is developed.Comment: 8 pages, 7 figures, 19 ref
Characterization of unwanted noise in realistic cavities
The problem of the description of absorption and scattering losses in high-Q
cavities is studied. The considerations are based on quantum noise theories,
hence the unwanted noise associated with scattering and absorption is taken
into account by introduction of additional damping and noise terms in the
quantum Langevin equations and input--output relations. Completeness conditions
for the description of the cavity models obtained in this way are studied and
corresponding replacement schemes are discussed.Comment: Contribution to XI International Conference on Quantum Optics, Minsk,
Belarus, 26-31 May, 200
Determination of quantum-noise parameters of realistic cavities
A procedure is developed which allows one to measure all the parameters
occurring in a complete model [A.A. Semenov et al., Phys. Rev. A 74, 033803
(2006); quant-ph/0603043] of realistic leaky cavities with unwanted noise. The
method is based on the reflection of properly chosen test pulses by the cavity.Comment: 5 pages, 2 figure
Quantum-state input-output relations for absorbing cavities
The quantized electromagnetic field inside and outside an absorbing high-
cavity is studied, with special emphasis on the absorption losses in the
coupling mirror and their influence on the outgoing field. Generalized operator
input-output relations are derived, which are used to calculate the Wigner
function of the outgoing field. To illustrate the theory, the preparation of
the outgoing field in a Schr\"{o}dinger cat-like state is discussed.Comment: 12 pages, 5 eps figure
Intensity fluctuations in bimodal micropillar lasers enhanced by quantum-dot gain competition
We investigate correlations between orthogonally polarized cavity modes of a
bimodal micropillar laser with a single layer of self-assembled quantum dots in
the active region. While one emission mode of the microlaser demonstrates a
characteristic s-shaped input-output curve, the output intensity of the second
mode saturates and even decreases with increasing injection current above
threshold. Measuring the photon auto-correlation function g^{(2)}(\tau) of the
light emission confirms the onset of lasing in the first mode with g^{(2)}(0)
approaching unity above threshold. In contrast, strong photon bunching
associated with super-thermal values of g^{(2)}(0) is detected for the other
mode for currents above threshold. This behavior is attributed to gain
competition of the two modes induced by the common gain material, which is
confirmed by photon crosscorrelation measurements revealing a clear
anti-correlation between emission events of the two modes. The experimental
studies are in excellent qualitative agreement with theoretical studies based
on a microscopic semiconductor theory, which we extend to the case of two modes
interacting with the common gain medium. Moreover, we treat the problem by an
extended birth-death model for two interacting modes, which reveals, that the
photon probability distribution of each mode has a double peak structure,
indicating switching behavior of the modes for the pump rates around threshold.Comment: 11 pages, 5 figures, submitted to Phys. Rev.
Leaky cavities with unwanted noise
A phenomenological approach is developed that allows one to completely
describe the effects of unwanted noise, such as the noise associated with
absorption and scattering, in high-Q cavities. This noise is modeled by a block
of beam splitters and an additional input-output port. The replacement schemes
enable us to formulate appropriate quantum Langevin equations and input-output
relations. It is demonstrated that unwanted noise renders it possible to
combine a cavity input mode and the intracavity mode in a nonmonochromatic
output mode. Possible applications to unbalanced and cascaded homodyning of the
intracavity mode are discussed and the advantages of the latter method are
shown.Comment: 13 pages, 7 figures; published versio
Mirrorless lasing: a theoretical perspective
Mirrorless lasing has been a topic of particular interest for about a decade
due to promising new horizons for quantum science and applications. In this
work, we review first-principles theory that describes this phenomenon, and
discuss degenerate mirrorless lasing in a vapor of Rb atoms, the mechanisms of
amplification of light generated in the medium with population inversion
between magnetic sublevels within the line, and challenges associated
with experimental realization
Photon emission by an atom in a lossy cavity
The dynamics of an initially excited two-level atom in a lossy cavity is
studied by using the quantum trajectory method. Unwanted losses are included,
such as photon absorption and scattering by the cavity mirrors and spontaneous
emission of the atom. Based on the obtained analytical solutions, it is shown
that the shape of the extracted spatiotemporal radiation mode sensitively
depends on the atom-field interaction. In the case of a short-term atom-field
interaction we show how different pulse shapes for the field extracted from the
cavity can be controlled by the interaction time
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