Non-similar solution of g-jitter induced unsteady magnetohydrodynamic radiative slip flow of nanofluid

We present a mathematical model and numerical simulation of the unsteady 2-D g-jitter-free and forced convective flow of water-based nanofluid from a flat plate, considering both the velocity slip and thermal slip conditions imposed on the wall of the plate. The Darcian model is used, and both cases of a calm and moving free stream are considered. In place of the extensively used linearly varying radiative heat flux, the nonlinearly varying heat flux calculation is applied to produce practically useful results. Further, we incorporate the “zero mass flux boundary condition” which is believed to be more realistic than the earlier extensively used “actively” controlled model. The parameter influences on the non-dimensional velocity, temperature, nanoparticle volume fraction, skin friction and heat transfer rates are visualized graphically and discussed in detail. Special cases of the results are benchmarked with those existing in the literature, and a good arrangement is obtained. It is found that the rate of heat transfer is lower for the calm free stream rather than the moving free stream

The Brief Memory and Executive Test (BMET) for detecting vascular cognitive impairment in small vessel disease: a validation study.

Cognitive impairment is common in patients with cerebral small vessel disease, but is not well detected using common cognitive screening tests which have been primarily devised for cortical dementias. We developed the Brief Memory and Executive Test (BMET); a rapid screening measure sensitive to the impaired executive function and processing speed characteristic of small vessel disease (SVD). To assess the BMET's validity for general use, we evaluated it when administered by non-psychologists in a multicentre study and collected control data to derive normative scores.The BMET study was funded by The Stroke Association (TSA2010/08). Recruitment to BMET was supported by the NIHR Stroke Clinical Research Network. Hugh Markus is supported by an NIHR Senior Investigator award and his work is supported by the Cambridge University Hospitals NIHR Comprehensive BRC. Matthew Hollocks is supported by a Stroke Association/British Heart Foundation Grant (TSA BHF 2010/01). Robin Morris receives consultancy fees for P1Vital Limited. The authors disclose no competing interests financial or otherwise

Yield Performances and Cup Quality of Some BTRI Test Clones of Tea

A long term experiment was conducted to investigate the yield and quality performances of four vegetative propagated test clones of tea coded as A/8/01, A/17/22, A/22/27 and A/22/40 at Bangladesh Tea Research Institute (BTRI) farm during 1996-2010. A standard clone BT1 was considered as control. Cuttings of the test clones were collected from the selected bushes of Amo tea estates and were raised at BTRI nursery. Then saplings were put to long term yield and quality trial following Latin Square Design (LSD) with 3 replications. The green leaf was harvested at weekly interval during the plucking season starting from mid March to mid December throughout the experimental period. Yield data were recorded and analyzed statistically using MSTAT programme. Results of the experiment revealed that among the test clones A/22/40 gave the highest significant yield of 3509.1 kg ha-1 of made tea followed by BT1 (3203.69 kg ha-1), A/8/01 (2912.24 kg ha-1), A/17/22 (2817.76 kg ha-1) and A/22/27 (2278.78 kg ha-1) from the average of 9 years (2002-2010) at mature stage. At immature stage i.e. 1st year to 5th year after plantation yield difference was insignificant. The overall cup quality of the test clones was assessed by conventional organoleptic test. The cup quality of A/8/01, A/17/22, A/22/40 as well as the standard clone BT1 was found to be above average (AA) while the cup quality of A/22/27 was average (A). Considering the yield and quality potentials, the test clone A/22/40 has appeared quite promising to be released as a standard clone. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/ijarit.v1i1-2.13925 Int. J. Agril. Res. Innov. & Tech. 1 (1&2): 24-28, December, 201

High Throughput Screening of a GlaxoSmithKline Protein Kinase Inhibitor Set Identifies an Inhibitor of Human Cytomegalovirus Replication that Prevents CREB and Histone H3 Post-Translational Modification.

To identify new compounds with anti-human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) activity and new anti-HCMV targets, we developed a high throughput strategy to screen a GlaxoSmithKline (GSK) Published Kinase Inhibitor Set (PKIS). This collection contains a range of extensively characterized compounds grouped into chemical families (chemotypes). From our screen we identified compounds within chemotypes that impede HCMV replication and identified kinase proteins associated with inhibition of HCMV replication that are potential novel anti-HCMV targets. We focused our study on a top "hit" in our screen, SB-734117, which we found inhibits productive replication of several HCMV strains. Kinase selectivity data indicated that SB-734117 exhibits polypharmacology and is an inhibitor of several proteins from the AGC and CMCG kinase groups. Using western blotting we found that SB-734711 inhibited accumulation of HCMV immediate-early proteins, phosphorylation of cellular proteins involved in immediate-early protein production (CREB and histone H3) and histone H3 lysine 36 trimethylation (H3K36me3). Therefore, we identify SB-734117 as a novel anti-HCMV compound and find that inhibition of AGC and CMCG kinase proteins during productive HCMV replication is associated with inhibition of viral protein production and prevents post-translational modification of cellular factors associated with viral protein production

What are the participants’ perspectives of taking melatonin for the treatment of nocturia in Multiple Sclerosis? -a qualitative study embedded within a double blind RCT

Background: Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a chronic neurological disorder caused by neurodegeneration within the central nervous system. It results in impaired physical, cognitive and psychological functioning and can also lead to lower urinary tract symptoms including nocturia. While clinical trials have suggested an association between nocturia and melatonin secretion, to our knowledge, no qualitative research has been conducted on the experience of taking melatonin to treat nocturia in progressive MS within a clinical trial. Methods: 17 semi-structured qualitative interviews were conducted as part of a double-blind, randomised, placebo controlled, crossover, clinical trial with consenting adults with MS. Interviews explored participants’ experiences of nocturia associated with MS and their experience of taking melatonin as a trial treatment for nocturia versus a placebo. Data was analysed using a thematic analysis. Results: Themes on the experience of nocturia revealed participants’ understandings of nocturia, the impact it had on their night and increased daily fatigue. Themes on the intervention showed perceived improvements to nocturia, sleep and energy and negative effects including lethargy, a lack of significant change and physical side effects including vivid dreams.Conclusion: This qualitative exploration revealed an association between nocturia and increased levels of fatigue during the day by those with MS. However, perspectives towards the effectiveness of melatonin as a potential treatment varied as both placebo and melatonin were perceived as having very similar effects

Nonlinear dynamics of Long-Wavelength VCSELs subject to polarised optical injection

We present our work analysing the effects of polarised optical injection in Long-Wavelength Vertical-Cavity Surface Emitting Lasers (LW-VCSELs). We review the properties of different phenomena such as polarisation switching (PS) and bistability (PB) as well as on the different nonlinear dynamics (periodic and chaotic) arising in these devices under different cases of polarised optical injection. © 2011 IEEE

Clinical and cost-effectiveness analysis of an open label, single-centre, randomised trial of spinal cord stimulation (SCS) versus percutaneous myocardial laser revascularisation (PMR) in patients with refractory angina pectoris: The SPiRiT trial.

RIGHTS : This article is licensed under the BioMed Central licence at http://www.biomedcentral.com/about/license which is similar to the 'Creative Commons Attribution Licence'. In brief you may : copy, distribute, and display the work; make derivative works; or make commercial use of the work - under the following conditions: the original author must be given credit; for any reuse or distribution, it must be made clear to others what the license terms of this work are.BACKGROUND: Patients with refractory angina have significant morbidity. This study aimed to compare two of the treatment options, Spinal Cord Stimulation (SCS) and Percutaneous Myocardial Laser Revascularisation (PMR) in terms of clinical outcomes and cost-effectiveness. METHODS: Eligible patients were randomised to PMR or SCS and followed up for exercise tolerance time (ETT), Canadian Cardiovascular Society (CCS) classification and the quality of life measures SF-36, Seattle Angina Questionnaire and the EuroQoL at 3, 12 and 24 months. Utilities were calculated using the EQ-5D and these and costs were compared between groups. The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) per QALY for SCS compared to PMR was also calculated. RESULTS: At 24 months post-randomisation, patients that had SCS and PMR had similar ETT (mean difference 0.05, 95% CI -2.08, 2.18, p = 0.96) and there was no difference in CCS classification or quality of life outcomes. The difference in overall mean costs when comparing SCS to PMR was GBP5,520 (95% CI GBP1,966 to GBP8,613; p < 0.01) and the ICER of using SCS was GBP46,000 per QALY. CONCLUSION: Outcomes after SCS did not differ appreciably from those after PMR, with the former procedure being less cost-effective as currently applied. Larger studies could clarify which patients would most benefit from SCS, potentially increasing cost-effectiveness. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Current Controlled Trials ISRCTN09648950.Published versio