A Robust Algorithm for Emoji Detection in Smartphone Screenshot Images

The increasing use of smartphones and social media apps for communication results in a massive number of screenshot images. These images enrich the written language through text and emojis. In this regard, several studies in the image analysis field have considered text. However, they ignored the use of emojis. In this study, a robust two-stage algorithm for detecting emojis in screenshot images is proposed. The first stage localizes the regions of candidate emojis by using the proposed RGB-channel analysis method followed by a connected component method with a set of proposed rules. In the second verification stage, each of the emojis and non-emojis are classified by using proposed features with a decision tree classifier. Experiments were conducted to evaluate each stage independently and assess the performance of the proposed algorithm completely by using a self-collected dataset. The results showed that the proposed RGB-channel analysis method achieved better performance than the Niblack and Sauvola methods. Moreover, the proposed feature extraction method with decision tree classifier achieved more satisfactory performance than the LBP feature extraction method with all Bayesian network, perceptron neural network, and decision table rules. Overall, the proposed algorithm exhibited high efficiency in detecting emojis in screenshot images

Implementation of ISO 27001 in Saudi Arabia – obstacles, motivations, outcomes, and lessons learned

Protecting information assets is very vital to the core survival of an organization. With the increase in cyberattacks and viruses worldwide, it has become essential for organizations to adopt innovative and rigorous procedures to keep these vital assets out of the reach of exploiters. Although complying with an international information security standard such as ISO 27001 has been on the rise worldwide, with over 7000 registered certificates, few companies in Saudi Arabia are ISO 27001 certified. In this paper, we explore the motives, obstacles, challenges, and outcomes for a Saudi organization during their implementation of ISO 27001, with the goal of shedding some light on the reason behind the low adoption of the ISO 27001 certification standard in the region of study. While customer satisfaction and good partner relationships are essential for an organization’s survival, strikingly, none of the organizations interviewed indicated that their goals included meeting consumer requirements or a partner’s mandates

Strategic implementation of infrastructure priority projects: case study in Palestine

A strategy was developed for implementation and management of multisector urban infrastructure projects. The strategy includes risk-based analytical hierarchy process (AHP) for project prioritization that is based on project deliverables and project life-cycle and implementation guidelines. The expert-opinion elicitation process used for this study consists of a variation of the Delphi technique, scenario analysis, civil works, and nuclear industry recommendations. The AHP methodology utilizes a multicriteria decision-making technique that allows the consideration of both objective and subjective factors in obtaining cardinal priority ranking of infrastructure projects. The methodology, which deals with different fields of infrastructure, can incorporate uncertainty in the process and can be implemented using simple spreadsheet format. The methodology was developed for a group of players (methodology implementers

An Empirical Investigation of Information System User Security- A Knowing Doing Gap Model

The research aims to develop a structural model of user knowing –doing gap and examine the information security awareness through the model and evaluate the information security awareness at industrial level. The sample of the study is 360. The study empirically tested the two small parts of the theory of planned behavior and named them model 1 and 2. The relationship of the variables were found out using the regression model. The research had total five hypothesis and all of them were supported and the results were significant. Hence concluding that (Narcissism, Vulnerability and Severity) have significant impact on Attitude while locus of control and self-efficacy have significant impact over Behavioral control

Experimental Characterization and Finite Element Modeling of Composites to Support a Generalized Orthotropic Elasto-Plastic Damage Material Model for Impact Analysis

A Dissertation Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy. An orthotropic elasto-plastic damage material model (OEPDMM) suitable for impact simulations has been developed through a joint research project funded by the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). Development of the model includes derivation of the theoretical details, implementation of the theory into LS-DYNA\uae, a commercially available nonlinear transient dynamic finite element code, as material model MAT 213, and verification and validation of the model. The material model is comprised of three major components: deformation, damage, and failure. The deformation sub-model is used to capture both linear and nonlinear deformations through a classical plasticity formulation. The damage sub-model is used to account for the reduction of elastic stiffness of the material as the degree of plastic strain is increased. Finally, the failure sub-model is used to predict the onset of loss of load carrying capacity in the material. OEPDMM is driven completely by tabulated experimental data obtained through physically meaningful material characterization tests, through high fidelity virtual tests, or both. The tabulated data includes stress-strain curves at different temperatures and strain rates to drive the deformation sub-model, damage parameter-total strain curves to drive the damage sub-model, and the failure sub-model can be driven by the data required for different failure theories implemented in the computer code. The work presented herein focuses on the experiments used to obtain the data necessary to drive as well as validate the material model, development and implementation of the damage model, verification of the deformation and damage models through single element (SE) and multi-element (ME) finite element simulations, development and implementation of experimental procedure for modeling delamination, and finally validation of the material model through low speed impact simulations and high speed impact simulations

The Role of the Universities in Counterterrorism and Electronic Extremism from the Viewpoint of the Faculty Members at Al Balqa Applied University and Naif Arab University for Security Sciences

The purpose of the study is to investigate the role of the universities in counterterrorism and electronic extremism from the view point of faculty members at Al Balqa Applied University and Naif Arab University for Security Sciences; it aims also to investigate the effect of faculty members' gender, academic qualification, and experience on their viewpoint. The sample of the study was selected purposefully. It consisted of (94) faculty members, (71) male and (23) female faculty members at Al Balqa Applied University and Naif Arab University for Security Sciences. This sample was used to investigate the role of the universities in counterterrorism and electronic extremism and a questionnaire was distributed among them.The findings of the study indicated that there are no statistically significant differences at (α= 0.05) in faculty members' views about the role of the universities in counterterrorism and electronic extremism due to Gender variable. Results also showed that there are statistically significant differences at (α= 0.05) in faculty members' opinion due to qualification variable in favor of PhD Degree, there are statistically significant differences at (α= 0.05) due to experience variable. To find out Multiple Comparisons differences post hoc test using Scheffe Method was conducted, results showed that there are statistically significant differences at (α= 0.05) between Less than 5 years and 10 years or above in favor of 10 years or above. Keywords: Counterterrorism, Electronic Extremism

One factor at a time analysis to modify potting technique for manufacturing of bubble-free high-voltage polyester insulated automotive coils

The current study focuses on minimising the bubbles in polyester-insulated ignition coils, which were produced with a defect level of ~21–25% or 210–250 coils per 1000 batch size by using the potting method. This high-level rejection makes a substantial financial impact by increasing waste material, manufacturing, and after-sales costs. Hence, to control the bubbled problem without using expensive and maintenance-heavy techniques, the process parameters in the potting method were alternated and investigated using one factor at a time, which played a vital role in the formation/ reduction of bubbles in the ignition coil insulation. Process parameters, including pre/process heating, the appropriate MEKP/cobalt naphthenate ratio, the pouring amount/increments, and the stirring speeds, reduced the bubble formation per lot from 205 ± 30 to 146 ± 25, 108 ± 21, 61 ± 17, and 10 ± 2 per 1000 lot accordingly. In addition, a comparative study was conducted in terms of performance and life cycle endurance, using Japanese and Indian standards. Furthermore, an after-sale warranty claim also supports the proposed changes in the potting technique. This modification may reduce the after-sales rejection within two years to approximately ~85%. This modification in the potting technique is extremely cost-effective in comparison to expensive processes, i.e., vacuum-pressure impregnation and vacuum impregnation, which require extensive labour and maintenance

Implementation of a Tabulated Failure Model Into a Generalized Composite Material Model Suitable for Use in Impact Problems

The need for accurate material models to simulate the deformation, damage and failure of polymer matrix composites under impact conditions is becoming critical as these materials are gaining increased use in the aerospace and automotive communities. The aerospace community has identified several key capabilities which are currently lacking in the available material models in commercial transient dynamic finite element codes. To attempt to improve the predictive capability of composite impact simulations, a next generation material model is being developed for incorporation within the commercial transient dynamic finite element code LS-DYNA. The material model, which incorporates plasticity, damage and failure, utilizes experimentally based tabulated input to define the evolution of plasticity and damage and the initiation of failure as opposed to specifying discrete input parameters such as modulus and strength. The plasticity portion of the orthotropic, three-dimensional, macroscopic composite constitutive model is based on an extension of the Tsai-Wu composite failure model into a generalized yield function with a non-associative flow rule. For the damage model, a strain equivalent formulation is used to allow for the uncoupling of the deformation and damage analyses. For the failure model, a tabulated approach is utilized in which a stress or strain based invariant is defined as a function of the location of the current stress state in stress space to define the initiation of failure. Failure surfaces can be defined with any arbitrary shape, unlike traditional failure models where the mathematical functions used to define the failure surface impose a specific shape on the failure surface. In the current paper, the complete development of the failure model is described and the generation of a tabulated failure surface for a representative composite material is discussed

Development of an Input Suite for an Orthotropic Composite Material Model

An orthotropic three-dimensional material model suitable for use in modeling impact tests has been developed that has three major components elastic and inelastic deformations, damage and failure. The material model has been implemented as MAT213 into a special version of LS-DYNA and uses tabulated data obtained from experiments. The prominent features of the constitutive model are illustrated using a widely-used aerospace composite the T800S3900-2B[P2352W-19] BMS8-276 Rev-H-Unitape fiber resin unidirectional composite. The input for the deformation model consists of experimental data from 12 distinct experiments at a known temperature and strain rate: tension and compression along all three principal directions, shear in all three principal planes, and off axis tension or compression tests in all three principal planes, along with other material constants. There are additional input associated with the damage and failure models. The steps in using this model are illustrated composite characterization tests, verification tests and a validation test. The results show that the developed and implemented model is stable and yields acceptably accurate results

A start-up assisted fully differential folded cascode opamp

This paper explains the hidden positive feedback in the two-stage fully differential amplifier through external feedback resistors, and possible DC latch-up during the amplifier start-up. The biasing current selection among the cascode branches have been explained intuitively, With reference to previous literature. To avoid the latch-up problem irrespective of the transistor bias currents a novel, hysteresis based start-up circuit is proposed. An 87dB, 250MHz unity gain bandwidth amplifier has been developed in 65nm CMOS Technology and post-layout simulations demonstrate no start-up failures out of 1000 Monte-Carlo (6-Sigma) simulations. The circuit draws 126uA from a 1.2V supply and occupies the 2184um2 area