How Would You Like Your Television: With or Without Borders and With or Without Culture--a New Approach to Media Regulation in the European Union

This Essay analyzes the effectiveness of television broadcasting regulations as a means to effectuate the promotion and protection of a pan-European culture, namely, television broadcasting regulations. First, in Part I, this Essay considers the broader background developments in the audio-visual sector that led to the passing of the Directive. Part II looks at the advantages and disadvantages of the most controversial aspect of the Directive, namely, the quota provisions. Part III critiques the Directive\u27s effectiveness in realizing its dual goals of both protecting and promoting a pan-European culture. Finally, Part IV compares the goals enunciated in the Federal Communications Act ( FCC Act ) with those enunciated in the Directive. Both sets of goals reflect similar concerns and interests, although the United States takes a much broader approach in realizing its goals. This Essay concludes that the Community should, like the United States, take a more expansive approach to its audio-visual policy, similar to the approach reflected in the FCC Act, in order to strengthen and effectuate a more solid and unified European broadcast regulatory scheme that both protects and promotes a European culture

What Cinema Is! Bazin’s Quest and its Charge, by Dudley Andrew

For some time now, cinema has stood on the threshold of extinction. The decline of theatrical exhibition, the rise of video and, later, digital technologies and the growing commercial pressures of an increasingly saturated media environment have all threatened to eclipse cinema in its most familiar form. Keenly aware of these circumstances, Dudley Andrew addresses cinema’s current state of peril with poise and a deliberate measure of aplomb in his new, emphatically-titled What Cinema Is!. Guiding readers through the dynamic developments of post-war French film culture, Andrew provides a fresh and elucidating account of the period’s greatest exegete, André Bazin. In so doing, Andrew effectively continues Bazin’s legacy, firstly, by reiterating the medium’s exemplary configuration and, secondly, by forcefully defending its continued social, aesthetic, and scholarly merit. Andrew’s claims throughout are skilful and compelling; not surprisingly, he proves most perceptive in navigating the critical debates that have shaped Film Studies since Bazin’s death

Pirates, Merchants, Settlers, and Slaves: Colonial America and the Indo-Atlantic World

https://digitalcommons.lmu.edu/facultypubnight/1017/thumbnail.jp

Johnsongrass competition and control in corn

Field studies were conducted at two locations in East and Middle Tennessee to determine the competitive effects of johnsongrass [Sorghum halepense (L.) Pers.] on corn (Zea mays L.). The objective of these studies was to determine: (1) the competitive effects of johnsongrass on corn in relation to yield reduction and total biomass produced, (2) the critical johnsongrass-free requirement of corn, (3) the critical duration of johnsongrass competition in corn, (4) the percent johnsongrass control obtained from EPTC (S-ethyl dipropylthiocarbamate) and butylate (S-ethyl diisobutylthiocarbamate) plus the herbicide antidote R-25788 (N,N-diallyl-2,2-dichloroacetamide) and EPTC plus R-25788 and the herbicide extender R-33865 (0,0-dietyl-0-phenolphosphorothioate) and (5) the economic threshold of johnsongrass in corn. All experiments were conducted as randomized complete block designs with four replications. Individual plots in both the threshold and the competition studies consisted of four rows, spaced 91 cm apart by 6.1 m long. Critical data were obtained from the two center rows. Spring Hill The critical johnsongrass-free requirement of corn was determined to be between two and four weeks after planting. A johnsongrass-free period of less than four weeks after planting allows sufficient johnsongrass regrowth resulting in significant yield reductions. The critical duration of johnsongrass competition in corn was determined to be between four and six weeks after planting. Significant stover yield reductions occurred when johnsongrass was allowed to grow with corn for four or more weeks after planting, while six or more weeks of johnsongrass competition were required to significantly reduce grain yields. Season-long johnsongrass competition in corn reduced grain yields by 50% and stover yields by 67% and resulted in 20% lodging. EPTC or butylate, plus the herbicide antidote did not provide acceptable johnsongrass control. Johnsongrass plant populations of 16/6.1 meters of row or higher significantly reduced corn grain yield. Knoxville From evaluation of both the corn grain yield and the corn stover yields it was determined that no critical johnsongrass-free requirement existed for corn under these growing conditions. The critical duration of johnsongrass competition in corn was determined to be between six and eight weeks after planting. Seasonlong johnsongrass competition in corn resulted in an 18% reduction in grain yields and a 37% reduction in stover yields. EPTC plus the herbicide antidote and the herbicide extender resulted in good end-of-season johnsongrass control; approximately 80%. Yields from corn treated with the same herbicide were not significantly different from the weed-free check