CO80 89. Estudio multicéntrico español de la capacidad predictiva de las escalas de riesgo CHADS2 y CHA2DS2vasc en el accidente cerebrovascular tras cirugía coronaria aislada

ObjetivosValidar las escalas de riesgo CHADS2 y CHA2DS-2VASC como modelos predictivos de desarrollo de accidente cerebrovascular (ACV) en cirugía coronaria aislada (CCA).Material y métodosPacientes consecutivos sometidos a CCA en 16 hospitales españoles. Excluidos casos con igual o más de una variable/s incompleta/s. Puntuaciones CHADS2 y CHA2DS2VASC computadas para todos los pacientes, considerándose variable de resultado la aparición de ACV (ataque isquémico transitorio [AIT]/ictus) perioperatorio precoz (primer mes postoperatorio y/o alta hospitalaria). Análisis uni y multivariante. La capacidad discriminativa fue cuantificada por el cálculo del área bajo la curva ROC (AUC).ResultadosVeinte mil novecientos ochenta pacientes incluidos, 282 desarrollaron ACV postoperatorio (1,34%). La incidencia de ACV fue superior en pacientes con insuficiencia cardíaca congestiva (ICC) y/o fracción de eyección inferior al 40% (4,10 vs 0,83%), diabéticos (1,70 vs 1,11%), hipertensos (1,60 vs 0,98%), ACV previo (2,72 vs 1,26%) y a enfermedad arterial periférica (EAP) (3,04 vs 1,04%; p < 0,05). En el análisis multivariante, ICCC (odds ratio [OR]: 4,06), ACV previo (OR: 1,48), EAP (OR: 1,49) constituyeron factores de riesgo independientes para el desarrollo de ACV postoperatorio (p < 0,05). El AUC para CHADS2 fue 0,666, y para CHA2DS2VASc 0,655 (p < 0,0001). La distribución de las tasas de ACV postoperatorio según las puntuaciones de las anteriores escalas se recoge en la figura 1 (p < 0,0001). Figura 1Tasas de ACV postoperatorio en pacientes sometidos a CCA según puntuaciones de las escalas CHADS2 (gris) y CHA2DS2VASC (negro).ConclusionesLas escalas de riesgo CHADS2 y CHA2DS-2VASC pueden resultar útiles en la práctica clínica para estratificar el riesgo de desarrollo de ACV postoperatorio en pacientes sometidos a CCA

Long-term CIN3 risk in women with abnormal cytology; Role of hrHPV testing

Background: Many studies have examined the short-term value of high-risk human papillomavirus (hrHPV) testing in predicting cumulative risk of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 3 or cancer (CIN3). This study focuses on long-term CIN3 risk after initial wait and see policy. Methods: A total of 342 women with abnormal cytology of borderline/mild dyskaryosis (BMD) or worse (>BMD), included between 1990 and 1992, were followed-up by cytology and hrHPV testing until 1996 and monitored by cytology thereafter. Primary endpoint was cumulative CIN3 risk by December 2009.Results:Women with BMD had a 5-year CIN3 risk of 22.5% (95% confidence interval (CI) 17.0-29.1) and of 0.7% (0.1-4.5) in the subsequent 5 years. High-risk human papillomavirus-negative women with BMD had a 5-year risk of <0.01% (95% CI <0.0-5.1) and of 0.01% (0.0-5.7) in the following 5 years, while for hrHPV-positive women these risks were 37.5% (29.0-46.9) and 1.6% (0.2-9.5), respectively. Women with BMD< had a 5-year risk of 45.1% (36.4-54.1) and of 3.5% (0.9-12.2) in the subsequent 5 years. High-risk human papillomavirus-negative women with < BMD had a 5-year risk of 7.3% (2.0-23.6) and hrHPV-positive women of 56.6% (46.4-66.3). Conclusion: Women with BMD have an elevated CIN3 risk for 5 years only; afterwards their risk is similar to the general population. High-risk human papillomavirus-negative women with BMD may return to regular screening directly. All other women with ≥ BMD should be referred for additional testing and/or colposcopy

Precision medicine in cancer: Challenges and recommendations from an EU-funded cervical cancer biobanking study

Background:Cervical cancer (CC) remains a leading cause of gynaecological cancer-related mortality worldwide. CC pathogenesis is triggered when human papillomavirus (HPV) inserts into the genome, resulting in tumour suppressor gene inactivation and oncogene activation. Collecting tumour and blood samples is critical for identifying these genetic alterations.Methods:BIO-RAIDs is the first prospective molecular profiling clinical study to include a substantial biobanking effort that used uniform high-quality standards and control of samples. In this European Union (EU)-funded study, we identified the challenges that were impeding the effective implementation of such a systematic and comprehensive biobanking effort.Results:The challenges included a lack of uniform international legal and ethical standards, complexities in clinical and molecular data management, and difficulties in determining the best technical platforms and data analysis techniques. Some difficulties were encountered by all investigators, while others affected only certain institutions, regions, or countries.Conclusions:The results of the BIO-RAIDs programme highlight the need to facilitate and standardise regulatory procedures, and we feel that there is also a need for international working groups that make recommendations to regulatory bodies, governmental funding agencies, and academic institutions to achieve a proficient biobanking programme throughout EU countries. This represents the first step in precision medicine