10,403 research outputs found
Dynamical reduction of the dimensionality of exchange interactions and the "spin-liquid" phase of -(BEDT-TTF)
We show that the anisotropy of the effective spin model for the dimer Mott
insulator phase of -(BEDT-TTF) salts is dramatically different
from that of the underlying tight-binding model. Intra-dimer quantum
interference results in a model of coupled spin chains, where frustrated
interchain interactions suppress long-range magnetic order. Thus, we argue, the
"spin liquid" phase observed in some of these materials is a remnant of the
Tomonaga-Luttinger physics of a single chain. This is consistent with previous
experiments and resolves some outstanding puzzles. An erratum [Phys. Rev. Lett.
120, 199901 (2018).] is added as an appendix.Comment: Accepted by PRL, 6 pages, 5 figure
Code or Contract: Whether Wal-Mart\u27s Code of Conduct Creates a Contractual Obligation Between Wal-Mart and the Employees of its Foreign Suppliers
This comment examines whether corporate codes of conduct and more specifically, Wal-Mart\u27s Code of Conduct, are binding contracts between foreign suppliers and their employees or whether they are voluntary and non-contractual devices. An analysis of U.S. law and the text and implementation of Wal-Mart\u27s Code of Conduct reveals that the Code should not be interpreted as a contract binding on foreign suppliers and their employees for the breach of contract for denial of minimum and overtime wages, the breach of contract for forced labor, and the breach of contract for denial of the fundamental right to freely associate. The comment goes on to discuss the ramifications of this type of suit and other possibilities for bringing about the successful reform of labor conditions for foreign workers. This comment concludes that the best means for reform is not litigation but legislation. Part II of this comment discusses the historical origins of corporate codes of conduct and the role that they currently play within MNCs. Part III discusses how courts in the United States have interpreted corporate codes of conduct. Part IV analyzes the text and implementation of Wal-Mart\u27s Code of Conduct and determines whether it should be interpreted as a contract or mere guidelines in light of recent court rulings. Part V analyzes the impact of the lawsuit and discusses the appropriateness of other possible means for reforming foreign working conditions. Part VI draws conclusions with respect to the most effective means of impacting workers\u27 conditions, such as grassroot efforts
Certified Weed Free Hay and Straw Program
There is a growing demand in North America for the use of certified weed free hay and straw as a preventative program to limit the spread of noxious weeds. This voluntary certification program is designed to assure that hay and straw sold with proper certification identification meets minimum standards designed to limit the spread of noxious and undesirable weeds. Buyers are provided assurance that hay and straw certified through this program meets these minimum standards
Towards mechanomagnetics in elastic crystals: insights from [Cu(acac)]
We predict that the magnetic properties of \cuacac, an elastically flexible
crystal, change dramatically when the crystal is bent. We find that unbent
\cuacac\ is an almost perfect Tomonaga-Luttinger liquid. Broken-symmetry
density functional calculations reveal that the magnetic exchange interactions
along the chains is an order of magnitude larger than the interchain exchange.
The geometrically frustrated interchain interactions cannot magnetically order
the material at any experimentally accessible temperature. The ordering
temperature (), calculated from the chain random phase approximation,
increases by approximately 24 orders of magnitude when the material is bent. We
demonstrate that geometric frustration both suppresses and enhances the
sensitivity of to bending. In \cuacac, is extremely sensitive to
bending, but remains too low for practical applications, even when bent.
Partially frustrated materials could achieve the balance of high and good
sensitivity to bending required for practical applications of mechanomagnetic
elastic crystals
Code or Contract: Whether Wal-Mart\u27s Code of Conduct Creates a Contractual Obligation Between Wal-Mart and the Employees of its Foreign Suppliers
This comment examines whether corporate codes of conduct and more specifically, Wal-Mart\u27s Code of Conduct, are binding contracts between foreign suppliers and their employees or whether they are voluntary and non-contractual devices. An analysis of U.S. law and the text and implementation of Wal-Mart\u27s Code of Conduct reveals that the Code should not be interpreted as a contract binding on foreign suppliers and their employees for the breach of contract for denial of minimum and overtime wages, the breach of contract for forced labor, and the breach of contract for denial of the fundamental right to freely associate. The comment goes on to discuss the ramifications of this type of suit and other possibilities for bringing about the successful reform of labor conditions for foreign workers. This comment concludes that the best means for reform is not litigation but legislation. Part II of this comment discusses the historical origins of corporate codes of conduct and the role that they currently play within MNCs. Part III discusses how courts in the United States have interpreted corporate codes of conduct. Part IV analyzes the text and implementation of Wal-Mart\u27s Code of Conduct and determines whether it should be interpreted as a contract or mere guidelines in light of recent court rulings. Part V analyzes the impact of the lawsuit and discusses the appropriateness of other possible means for reforming foreign working conditions. Part VI draws conclusions with respect to the most effective means of impacting workers\u27 conditions, such as grassroot efforts
- …