Effects of Strength Training on the Quadriceps to Hamstring Ratio in a Female Recreational Athlete

Kennedy, H. P. EFFECTS OFSTRENGTH TRAINING ON THE QUADRICEPS TO HAMSTRING RATIO IN A FEMALE RECREATIONAL ATHLETE, 2005. Three recreational female athletes were tested on the effects a strength training program would have on their quadriceps to hamstring ratio. The subjects ranged in age from 24-33 years old. The program was an 8 week strength training program. One subject was unable to complete the program due to pregnancy and one was injured in a car wreck midway through the program. The subject who completed the 8 week training program showed overall improvement in lower extremity strength but did not show improvement in decreasing the quadriceps to hamstring ratio

Bile Acid Receptor Therapeutics Effects on Chronic Liver Diseases

In the past ten years, our understanding of the importance of bile acids has expanded from fat absorption and glucose/lipid/energy homeostasis into potential therapeutic targets for amelioration of chronic cholestatic liver diseases. The discovery of important bile acid signaling mechanisms, as well as their role in metabolism, has increased the interest in bile acid/bile acid receptor research development. Bile acid levels and speciation are dysregulated during liver injury/damage resulting in cytotoxicity, inflammation, and fibrosis. An increasing focus to target bile acid receptors, responsible for bile acid synthesis and circulation, such as Farnesoid X receptor and apical sodium-dependent bile acid transporter to reduce bile acid synthesis have resulted in clinical trials for treatment of previously untreatable chronic liver diseases such as non-alcoholic steatohepatitis and primary sclerosing cholangitis. This review focuses on current bile acid receptor mediators and their effects on parenchymal and non-parenchymal cells. Attention will also be brought to the gut/liver axis during chronic liver damage and its treatment with bile acid receptor modulators. Overall, these studies lend evidence to the importance of bile acids and their receptors on liver disease establishment and progression

Section 332 of the Communications Act of 1934: A Federal Regulatory Framework That Is Hog Tight, Horse High, and Bull Strong

In 1993, recognizing that state and local regulatory practices were harmful to the development of widespread low-cost commercial and personal mobile radio services, the U.S. Congress passed, and President Clinton signed, legislation that freed wireless carriers from a dual federal-state regulatory structure. As a result, sections 332 and 2(b) of the Communications Act were revised to endow the FCC with exclusive jurisdiction over wireless regulation. Unfortunately, some courts and regulators have concluded that Congress did not intend to grant the FCC exclusive authority over wireless communications. Such rulings could be attributed to a misguided focus on traditional preemption analysis rather than the actual jurisdictional boundaries drawn by congressional legislation. Eventually these developments may shackle new wireless services to old regulatory structures, a result that would thwart congressional goals and hinder the growth of this emerging industry. If the wireless industry\u27s promise is to be fully realized, relying upon market forces to address consumer needs, as Congress intended, is an experiment well worth seeing through to its conclusion

Examining Identity Consolidation Processes Among Ethnic Minority Gay Men and Lesbians

Past scholarship has demonstrated shortcomings in developmental theories for both sexual and ethnic identity. Furthermore, identity development may be especially challenging for members of multiple minority groups facing significant social stressors. The primary goal of this study was to explore identity consolidation processes among individuals with intersecting minority identities. Using in-depth, personal interviews and self-report measures, data were collected from 16 ethnic minority gay men and lesbians. Themes such as acceptance, invisibility, and fear confirm the influence of social context on identity integration. Findings revealed differing magnitudes of consolidation. Greater social support and educational endeavors were critical factors in distinguishing participants’ extent of integration. Implications for practice and research are presented

Wandering Along the Road to Competition and Convergence- The Changing CMRS Roadmap

In this timely follow-up piece to a 1998 piece entitled A Federal Regulatory Framework that is Hog Tight, Horse High, and Bull Strong, the Authors of this Article revisit the progress of American commercial mobile radio services ( CMRS ) proliferation and regulation. The piece expresses the concern that balkanization has continued to plague wireless regulation in the United States, as misguided legal analyses and state regulation further hinder wireless development across the nation. While the European Union has witnessed unprecedented growth in this sector, conflicting court and FCC decisions and continued federal, state, and local burdens on CMRS have placed hurdles throughout the process of efficient U.S. wireless technology adoption in many fundamental areas. Challenges such as consumer protection, convergence, and the optimization of competition have further complicated the CMRS regulatory scene. The Authors conclude that in order to promote a healthy wireless communications industry in the United States in the future, obstacles to sustainable competition, regulatory predictability, limited taxation, and facilitated investment must soon be overcome

Constraints on fracture distribution in the Los Humeros geothermal field from beamforming of ambient seismic noise

Funding Information: The work contained in this paper contains work conducted during a PhD study undertaken as part of the Centre for Doctoral Training (CDT) in Geoscience and the Low Carbon Energy Transition, and it is sponsored by the University of Aberdeen via their NERC GeoNetZero CDT Scheme.Peer reviewedPublisher PD

Exploring the role of environmental features on student experience in the university classroom with the Community of Inquiry framework

An active learning classroom design recognizes the importance of students becoming engaged in their own learning. Using a mixed-methods approach, this study compared student-reported data (n = 219) and used the community of inquiry framework to evaluate the impact of environmental features on students’ experience. Students occupied traditional or active-learning classrooms, but the same course content was delivered by the same instructor. Findings indicate a preference for seating at tables versus fixed desks, appropriate personal space and sightlines to the teacher and projector screens, and gratification for forming social connections (i.e., social presence)

Beyond the tipping point: Modifying the five C\u27s to empower transgender and gender expansive youth

Transgender people have entered an unprecedented moment of visibility in American society and across the globe. However, transgender and gender expansive youth remain vulnerable to family rejection, harassment at school, and discrimination in healthcare and employment. Positive Youth Development (PYD) is an established framework for strengths-based practice with young people that is focused on helping youth develop the skills they need to become healthy, productive adults. In this manuscript, we reconceptualize the 5 C\u27s of PYD to address the unique needs and experiences of transgender and gender expansive youth. We also provide specific guidance for empowering service providers to help these young people thrive in the face of marginalization and oppression