Groeth Mode and Function of Aboral Spine Canopy in the Sand Dollar Scaphechinus mirabilis (A.Agassiz, 1863)

金沢大学大学院自然科学研究科神奈川大学Promoting Environmental Pesearch in Pan-Japan Sea Area : Young Researchers\u27 Network, Schedule: March 8-10,2006,Kanazawa Excel Hotel Tokyu, Japan, Organized by: Kanazawa University 21st-Century COE Program, Environmental Monitoring and Prediction of Long- & Short- Term Dynamics of Pan-Japan Sea Area ; IICRC(Ishikawa International Cooperation Research Centre), Sponsors : Japan Sea Research ; UNU-IAS(United Nations University Institute of Advanced Studies)+Ishikawa Prefecture Government ; City of Kanazaw

IAEA consultancy meeting on low-dose radiation for patients and population

This paper reports on the IAEA's Consultancy Meeting on "low-dose radiation for patients and population -Science, Technology and Society (STS) concepts for communication and perception among medical doctors and stakeholders-", which was held on October 21 and 22, 2020. The meeting consisted of seven presentation sessions, with a total of 27 presentations and 39 participants from seven countries. The meeting focused on various areas including environmental, food, and personal dosimetry;radiation and other secondary health effects after nuclear disasters;communication between medical professionals and patients or residents;and medical education on nuclear accidents. This meeting was convened to discuss STS perspectives related to nuclear emergencies, to share the findings of the Fukushima Health Management Survey and the current situation in Fukushima with international experts. The meeting confirmed the importance of coordinated recovery of affected areas and global preparedness in the aftermath of nuclear accidents

Circulating T follicular helper 2 cells, T follicular regulatory cells and regulatory B cells are effective biomarkers for predicting the response to house dust mite sublingual immunotherapy in patients with allergic respiratory diseases

The relationships between T follicular helper (Tfh) cells and antigen-specific immunoglobulins (sIgs) in patients with allergic respiratory diseases who are receiving antigen immunotherapy (AIT) have not been fully clarified. Therefore, we started to perform house dust mite sublingual immunotherapy (HDM-SLIT) for 20 patients with atopic asthma comorbid with allergic rhinitis (AA+AR) who were already receiving ordinary treatments including inhaled corticosteroid (ICS). We examined percentages of circulating T follicular helper (cTfh) and regulatory (cTfr) cells and percentages of circulating regulatory T (cTreg) and B (cBreg) cells by FACS and we examined levels of Der-p/f sIgs by ELISA. Based on the symptom score (asthma control questionnaire: ACQ) and medication score ((global initiative for asthma: GINA) treatment step score) in patients with AA, the patients were divided into responders and non-responders. The percentage of cTfh2 cells significantly decreased and the percentage of cTfh1 cells significantly increased within the first year. Der-p/f sIgEs decreased after a transient elevation at 3 months in both groups. Notably, the percentage of cTfh2 cells and the ratio of cTfh2/cBreg cells and Der-p/f sIgEs greatly decreased in responders from 6 months to 12 months. The percentages of cTfr and cTreg cells showed significant negative correlations with the percentage of cTfh2 cells. The percentage of IL-4+ cTfh cells were significantly decreased and the percentage of IFN-γ+ cTfh cells were increased before treatment to 24 months in 6 patients examined (4 responders and 2 non-responders). We performed multi plelogistic regression analysis based on these results, the ratios of cTfh2/cTfr cells and cTfh2/cBreg cells at the start of therapy were statistically effective biomarkers for predicting the response to HDM-SLIT in patients with AA+AR

Support for UNRWA's survival

The United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East (UNRWA) provides life-saving humanitarian aid for 5·4 million Palestine refugees now entering their eighth decade of statelessness and conflict. About a third of Palestine refugees still live in 58 recognised camps. UNRWA operates 702 schools and 144 health centres, some of which are affected by the ongoing humanitarian disasters in Syria and the Gaza Strip. It has dramatically reduced the prevalence of infectious diseases, mortality, and illiteracy. Its social services include rebuilding infrastructure and homes that have been destroyed by conflict and providing cash assistance and micro-finance loans for Palestinians whose rights are curtailed and who are denied the right of return to their homeland

Impact of lifestyle and psychosocial factors on the onset of hypertension after the Great East Japan earthquake: a 7-year follow-up of the Fukushima Health Management Survey

Natural disasters force many evacuees to change several aspects of their lifestyles. This longitudinal study aimed to investigate whether factors such as living environment and lifestyle factors were related to new-onset hypertension in survivors of the Great East Japan Earthquake over a long-term follow-up of up to 7 years after the earthquake. The present study examined data collected from 29,025 Japanese participants aged 39-89 years, sourced from general health checkups and the Fukushima Mental Health and Lifestyle Survey, which was conducted in 13 communities between 2011 and 2018. A total of 10,861 participants received follow-up examinations. During a median follow-up of 4.3 years, 3744 participants (1588 men, 41.4%; 2,156 women, 30.7%) had newly developed hypertension. Heavy drinking (adjusted hazard ratio 1.38, 95% confidence interval 1.21-1.57, p < 0.001) and obesity (adjusted hazard ratio 1.27, 95% confidence interval 1.19-1.37, p < 0.001) were significantly associated with new-onset hypertension after the disaster in multivariate-adjusted analysis. Furthermore, experiencing evacuation after the disaster was also significantly associated with the risk of new-onset hypertension in men (adjusted hazard ratio 1.14, 95% confidence interval 1.02-1.27, p = 0.016). The present study indicated that lifestyle factors, such as drinking and obesity, and evacuation experience in men had significant effects on the risk of new-onset hypertension in the long term after the earthquake

キョウブ ダイドウミャク ジンコウ ケッカン チカン ジュツゴ ニ カッケツ トケツ オ キタシタ サイシュジュツ ショウレイ ノ セイセキ

【緒言】胸部大動脈疾患に対する人工血管置換術後に、喀血・吐血を来して再手術を要した症例の背景、予後を報告する。【症例】当院で2012年1月から2020年12月までに、喀血・吐血を主訴に胸部大動脈手術を行った24例中、人工血管置換術後の19例（喀血11、吐血8）を対象とした。【結果】年齢中央値73歳（49 - 88歳）、男性12例、女性7例、17例は緊急で手術を行った。初回手術からの間隔は中央値435日（55 - 1883日）であり、初回手術は上行置換1例、下行置換7例、弓部置換11例であった。手術適応は人工血管感染11例、仮性動脈瘤7例、急性大動脈解離1例であった。感染症例の内、9例に大動脈食道瘻を認めた。今回手術は、下行置換6例、胸腹部置換1例、弓部置換3例、ステントグラフト8例、自己弁温存基部置換術１例であった。全体の在院死亡は6例（32%）、生存者の術後滞在期間の中央値は101日であった。大動脈食道瘻を来した症例のうち6例は、2期的に食道抜去も施行し、その在院死亡は33%であった。一方、食道抜去を施行しなかった3例の在院死亡は67%であった。感染の有無で2群に分け検討したところ、在院死亡に統計学的有意差は認めなかった（p=0.147）。Kaplan-Meier法による全体の3年生存率は22.8%と不良であり、感染を認めた群では2年生存率9%と極めて不良であった。【結論】胸部人工血管置換後に喀血・吐血を来した症例の中でも、人工血管感染を生じた症例の予後は極めて不良であった。特に大動脈食道瘻を認めた場合は、食道抜去が必要であると考えられる。Introduction:We report the conditions and outcomes of patients suffering thoracic aortic disease, who developed hematemesis and hemoptysis and required reoperation.Patients: From January 2012 to December 2020, 19 patients (11 hemoptysis, 8 hematemesis) who had previous thoracic aortic surgery required reoperation with the main complaint of hemoptysis and hematemesis. Results:The median age was 71.5 years; there were 7 females, and 17 urgent cases. The median interval since the previous surgery was 435 days (55 to 1883 days), and the previous surgeries were 1 ascending aorta replacement, 7 descending aorta replacements, and 11 total arch replacements. The indications for reoperation were infection in 11 cases, pseudoaneurysm in 7 cases, and acute aortic dissection in 1 case. Aortoesophageal fistula was found in 9 of the infected cases. The surgical actions were 6 descending aorta replacements, 1 thoracoabdominal aorta replacement, 3 total arch replacements, 8 stent grafts, and 1 valve-sparing root reconstruction. Only one patient, who suffered aortic rupture due to dissection, died within 30 days. Six of the cases with aortoesophageal fistula also underwent esophagectomy in the second phase. There were 6 in-hospital mortality cases (32%), and the median length of stay after surgery for survivors was 101 days. The patients were divided into two groups according to the presence of infection, but the difference in-hospital mortality (infection (-): 13%, (+): 45%, p = 0.147) was not statistically significant. The 3-year survival rate by the Kaplan-Meier method was 23% overall, but the 2-year survival rates were 9% in the infected group and 53% in the non-infected group (Log-rank p= 0.167). Conclusion:Among the patients developing hemoptysis and hematemesis after previous thoracic aortic surgery, the cases of graft infection had extremely poor prognosis. Especially when aortoesophageal fistula is found, it is necessary to consider esophagectomy immediately

サイセンタン ノ サンジゲン イメージング システム : シンゾウ ケッカン ゲカ ニオケル Virtual Reality ギジュツ ノ ユウヨウセイ

滋賀医科大学心臓血管外科では医療用画像を三次元構築し、臓器を立体表示するVirtual Reality (VR) 技術を用いて心臓血管系の3D解析研究を進めている。VRでは臓器の内腔を可視化することができ、また3D構築した画像に直接介入し、従来の2D解析では評価困難であった複雑な構造も術者の視点で直観的に計測できるという利点がある。あらゆる医療画像データを三次元化し, かつ直感的な立体計測が可能なVR技術は, これまでの診断精度を上回る形態学的な情報を臨床医に提示し得ると考えられる。特に外科医にとって有用な手術支援VR画像は, 難易度が高い手術の治療成績を向上させる可能性が高い。Adequate preoperative planning may facilitate successful procedures in cardiovascular surgery. We have newly developed a system the Vesalius 3D suite, combining three-dimensional (3D) image-processing software with an optic-tracking spatial navigation, allowing quick, accessible 3D image interpretation for virtual reality (VR) exploration and measurement of complex anatomy. In this review, we present a novel method of virtual imaging analysis for preoperative planning and simulation in cardiovascular operation using this 3D-VR system. Based on unimodal or multimodal medical imaging data, DICOM data sets can be reconstructed for 3D visualization. Virtually reconstructed images can be viewed on stereoscopic 3D display, revealing each patient’s specific anatomy and the internal structures in exquisite detail. Highly accessible 3D interpretation promptly permits precise and intuitive measurements of repair-relevant anatomical parameters including geometrically complex shapes. This technology may promote understanding of form and function in the cardiovascular system, and facilitate operative procedures in more challenging cases. Furthermore, this system can be especially valuable for any surgeon to gain experience in practicing for rarely-performed procedures or uncommon patient-specific preoperative surgical simulations

The whole blood transcriptional regulation landscape in 465 COVID-19 infected samples from Japan COVID-19 Task Force

「コロナ制圧タスクフォース」COVID-19患者由来の血液細胞における遺伝子発現の網羅的解析 --重症度に応じた遺伝子発現の変化には、ヒトゲノム配列の個人差が影響する--. 京都大学プレスリリース. 2022-08-23.Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a recently-emerged infectious disease that has caused millions of deaths, where comprehensive understanding of disease mechanisms is still unestablished. In particular, studies of gene expression dynamics and regulation landscape in COVID-19 infected individuals are limited. Here, we report on a thorough analysis of whole blood RNA-seq data from 465 genotyped samples from the Japan COVID-19 Task Force, including 359 severe and 106 non-severe COVID-19 cases. We discover 1169 putative causal expression quantitative trait loci (eQTLs) including 34 possible colocalizations with biobank fine-mapping results of hematopoietic traits in a Japanese population, 1549 putative causal splice QTLs (sQTLs; e.g. two independent sQTLs at TOR1AIP1), as well as biologically interpretable trans-eQTL examples (e.g., REST and STING1), all fine-mapped at single variant resolution. We perform differential gene expression analysis to elucidate 198 genes with increased expression in severe COVID-19 cases and enriched for innate immune-related functions. Finally, we evaluate the limited but non-zero effect of COVID-19 phenotype on eQTL discovery, and highlight the presence of COVID-19 severity-interaction eQTLs (ieQTLs; e.g., CLEC4C and MYBL2). Our study provides a comprehensive catalog of whole blood regulatory variants in Japanese, as well as a reference for transcriptional landscapes in response to COVID-19 infection

DOCK2 is involved in the host genetics and biology of severe COVID-19

「コロナ制圧タスクフォース」COVID-19疾患感受性遺伝子DOCK2の重症化機序を解明 --アジア最大のバイオレポジトリーでCOVID-19の治療標的を発見--. 京都大学プレスリリース. 2022-08-10.Identifying the host genetic factors underlying severe COVID-19 is an emerging challenge. Here we conducted a genome-wide association study (GWAS) involving 2, 393 cases of COVID-19 in a cohort of Japanese individuals collected during the initial waves of the pandemic, with 3, 289 unaffected controls. We identified a variant on chromosome 5 at 5q35 (rs60200309-A), close to the dedicator of cytokinesis 2 gene (DOCK2), which was associated with severe COVID-19 in patients less than 65 years of age. This risk allele was prevalent in East Asian individuals but rare in Europeans, highlighting the value of genome-wide association studies in non-European populations. RNA-sequencing analysis of 473 bulk peripheral blood samples identified decreased expression of DOCK2 associated with the risk allele in these younger patients. DOCK2 expression was suppressed in patients with severe cases of COVID-19. Single-cell RNA-sequencing analysis (n = 61 individuals) identified cell-type-specific downregulation of DOCK2 and a COVID-19-specific decreasing effect of the risk allele on DOCK2 expression in non-classical monocytes. Immunohistochemistry of lung specimens from patients with severe COVID-19 pneumonia showed suppressed DOCK2 expression. Moreover, inhibition of DOCK2 function with CPYPP increased the severity of pneumonia in a Syrian hamster model of SARS-CoV-2 infection, characterized by weight loss, lung oedema, enhanced viral loads, impaired macrophage recruitment and dysregulated type I interferon responses. We conclude that DOCK2 has an important role in the host immune response to SARS-CoV-2 infection and the development of severe COVID-19, and could be further explored as a potential biomarker and/or therapeutic target

Research and Design of a Routing Protocol in Large-Scale Wireless Sensor Networks

无线传感器网络，作为全球未来十大技术之一，集成了传感器技术、嵌入式计算技术、分布式信息处理和自组织网技术，可实时感知、采集、处理、传输网络分布区域内的各种信息数据，在军事国防、生物医疗、环境监测、抢险救灾、防恐反恐、危险区域远程控制等领域具有十分广阔的应用前景。 本文研究分析了无线传感器网络的已有路由协议，并针对大规模的无线传感器网络设计了一种树状路由协议，它根据节点地址信息来形成路由，从而简化了复杂繁冗的路由表查找和维护，节省了不必要的开销，提高了路由效率，实现了快速有效的数据传输。 为支持此路由协议本文提出了一种自适应动态地址分配算——ADAR（AdaptiveDynamicAddre...As one of the ten high technologies in the future, wireless sensor network, which is the integration of micro-sensors, embedded computing, modern network and Ad Hoc technologies, can apperceive, collect, process and transmit various information data within the region. It can be used in military defense, biomedical, environmental monitoring, disaster relief, counter-terrorism, remote control of haz...学位：工学硕士院系专业：信息科学与技术学院通信工程系_通信与信息系统学号：2332007115216