A magyarországi polgári korszakbeli tudáselitek prozopográfiája = The Prosopographia of Knowledge Elites of the Pre-War Hungary

A program a hosszabb ideje folyó történeti tudáselit kutatás folytatása volt. Egyrészt kiegészítettük a két világháború közötti pozícionális tudáselit mintáját. A 142 új elittagra vonatkozóan kiterjedt levéltári és könyvészeti adatgyűjtést végeztünk. Így rögzítve van a pontosított tudáselit egészének életrajzi adatbázisa. Másrészt intenzíven foglalkoztunk a tudáselit magját képező egyetemi tanárok adatbázisának elkészítésével. A tervek szerinti séma alapján kiegészítve és ellenőrizve rögzítettük az 1848 és 1944 között működött 1044 magyarországi professzor életrajzi adattárát. Az adattári anyag elemzését, publikálásra való előkészítését felekezeti - kulturális alakzatok, szocio- és etnokulturális csoportok szerint végezzük. Erről több tanulmányunk jelent meg. Megjelenés előtt áll önálló kiadványként a zsidó és zsidó származású egyetemi tanárok adattára s 2013 folyamán kiadható két kötetben a protestáns egyetemi tanárok adattára is, elemző tanulmány kíséretében. Az elkészült adatbázis alapján elemezhető az egyetemi tanárok területi, társadalmi, vallási, etno- és szociokulturális származása, a tudástőke felhalmozódása, az életpályák típusai, a kiválasztás mechanizmusai, a kapcsolati hálók és a közéleti szerepvállalás. A rekrutációs változók sokfélesége lehetőséget ad arra is, hogy mikrotörténeti aspektusból elemezzük a társadalmasodási folyamatokat. | The project was a part of a long research of the knowledge elite. On the hand, we have completed the sample of positional knowledge elite between the two world wars. In archives and in libraries we’ve done an extended search for data of 142 new persons integrated into this elite sample. Thus, the refined data base of the biographies of knowledge elite has been fixed. On the other hand, we have intensively dealt with the preparation of the data base of university professors as the core of knowledge elite. We have checked, amended and recorded the data base of 1044 university professors’ biographies in Hungary between 1848 and 1944. The analysis of data base, the preparation of its publication has done in terms of denomination, culture, social position and ethnicity. We have published several studies on these issues. The edited data base of Jewish (by religion or by origin) university professors is already in print and we plan the publication of the data base of Protestant professors in two volumes in 2013, with an analytical study, as well. On the basis of the ready data base the origin of university professors can be analyzed in terms of geography, religion, social position and ethnicity; the accumulation of knowledge capital, types of carriers, the mechanism of selection, the networks and the public roles can be researched. The plurality in recruitment variables may provide prospect for analysis of societal process from a micro-historical point of view

"1956-os kérdések"

Írások 1956 historiográfiájáról és emlékezetéről

Many Labs 2: Investigating Variation in Replicability Across Samples and Settings

We conducted preregistered replications of 28 classic and contemporary published findings, with protocols that were peer reviewed in advance, to examine variation in effect magnitudes across samples and settings. Each protocol was administered to approximately half of 125 samples that comprised 15,305 participants from 36 countries and territories. Using the conventional criterion of statistical significance (p < .05), we found that 15 (54%) of the replications provided evidence of a statistically significant effect in the same direction as the original finding. With a strict significance criterion (p < .0001), 14 (50%) of the replications still provided such evidence, a reflection of the extremely highpowered design. Seven (25%) of the replications yielded effect sizes larger than the original ones, and 21 (75%) yielded effect sizes smaller than the original ones. The median comparable Cohen’s ds were 0.60 for the original findings and 0.15 for the replications. The effect sizes were small (< 0.20) in 16 of the replications (57%), and 9 effects (32%) were in the direction opposite the direction of the original effect. Across settings, the Q statistic indicated significant heterogeneity in 11 (39%) of the replication effects, and most of those were among the findings with the largest overall effect sizes; only 1 effect that was near zero in the aggregate showed significant heterogeneity according to this measure. Only 1 effect had a tau value greater than .20, an indication of moderate heterogeneity. Eight others had tau values near or slightly above .10, an indication of slight heterogeneity. Moderation tests indicated that very little heterogeneity was attributable to the order in which the tasks were performed or whether the tasks were administered in lab versus online. Exploratory comparisons revealed little heterogeneity between Western, educated, industrialized, rich, and democratic (WEIRD) cultures and less WEIRD cultures (i.e., cultures with relatively high and low WEIRDness scores, respectively). Cumulatively, variability in the observed effect sizes was attributable more to the effect being studied than to the sample or setting in which it was studied.UCR::Vicerrectoría de Investigación::Unidades de Investigación::Ciencias Sociales::Instituto de Investigaciones Psicológicas (IIP

In vivo second-harmonic generation and ex vivo coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering microscopy to study the effect of obesity to fibroblast cell function using an Yb-fiber laser based CARS extension unit

In recent decades, the night lights data of the Earth’s surface derived from the Defense Meteorological Satellite Program’s Operational Linescan System (DMSP/OLS) have been used to detect the human settlements and human activities, because the DMSP/OLS data is able to supply the information about the urban areas  and non-urban areas on the Earth which means it is more suitable for urban studies than usual satellite imagery data.   The urban development is closed linked to the human society development. Therefore, studies of urban development will help people to understand how the urban changed and predict the urban change. The aim of this study was to detect Beijing’s urban development from 1992 to 2012, and find the contributions to the urban sprawl from socio-economic factors. Based on this objective, the main dataset used in this thesis was night lights images derived from the DMSP/OLS which was detected from  1992 to 2012. Due to the lacking of on-board calibration on OLS, and the over-glow of the lights resources, the information about the night lights cannot be extracted directly. Before any process, the night lights images should be calibrated. There is a method to calibrate the night light images which is called intercalibration. It is a second order regression model based method to find the related digital number values. Therefore, intercalibration was employed, and the threshold values were determined to extract urban areas in this study. Threshold value is useful for diffusing the over-glow effect, and finding the urban areas from the DMSP/OLS data. The methods to determine the threshold value in this thesis are empirical threshold method, sudden jump detection method, statistic data comparison method and k-mean clustering method. In addition, 13 socio-economic factors which included gross domestic product, urban population, permanent population, total energy consumption and so on were used to build the regression model. The contributions from these factors to the sum of the Beijing’s lights were found based on modeling.   The results of this thesis are positive. The intercalibration was successful and all the DMSP/OLS data used in this study were calibrated. And then, the appropriate threshold values to extract the urban areas were figured out. The achieved urban areas were compared to the satellite images and the result showed that the urban areas were useful. During the time certain factors used in this study, such as mobile phone users, possession of civil vehicles, GDP, three positively highest contributed to urban development were close to 23%, 8% and 9%, respectively

Az e-tanulás lehetőségei a külszolgálatot teljesítő katonák képzésében

IgenNe

Data_Sheet_1_“Personally, I feel sorry, but professionally, I don't have a choice.”1 Understanding the drivers of anti-Roma discrimination on the rental housing market.docx

The aim of our study is to assess the drivers of discriminatory behaviors of real-estate agents and private landlords toward prospective Roma tenants, relying on qualitative data from Hungary. Though there is a broad literature on the forms and frequency of discrimination, we know much less about the question of why people discriminate. Previous research suggests that discrimination on the basis of ethnicity is widespread in Hungary. To understand the drivers of discrimination, we analyzed: (a) the sources and justifications of discrimination of Roma people on the rental housing market among real-estate agents and private landlords, the actors making decisions about tenants (b) mapped the social embeddedness of discrimination, and (c) assessed the resilience of discriminatory intentions by analyzing the reactions to a 3-min advocacy video showing discrimination of Roma people on the rental housing market. We conducted and analyzed five online group discussions with 18 real estate agents and landlords advertising properties for rent in different regions of the country. Our qualitative study revealed that discrimination of Roma people is understood to be a widespread and socially acceptable practice driven by the need to avoid risks attributed to Roma tenants based on widely held stereotypes about them. We identified certain specificities in the justification and argumentation strategies of real-estate agents in comparison to private landlords. By providing counter-information presenting the perspective of Roma tenants, negative views could be challenged on the emotional level and also by shifting the group dynamics, strengthening the viewpoint of those without prejudice. We discuss our findings with regards to the possibilities of interventions against discrimination in societies in which neither social norms nor state institutions expect the equal treatment of the members of ethnic minority groups.</p