Are blood gas analyzers reliable in electrolytes and other parameters?

INTRODUCTION: Rapid diagnostic tests play an important role, especially for critical patients in emergency medicine. Blood gas analysis is one of these tests. The aim is to understand how reliable venous blood gas analyzers in electrolytes, haemoglobin haematocrits, and glucose are. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This research is prospective clinical research that collected data within five months in the emergency department of a training and research hospital. 350 patients were included in the research. Venous blood gases and biochemical parameters were measured in these patients. Haemoglobin haematocrit, potassium, sodium, and glucose levels were measured by a central laboratory and blood gases analyzer. RESULTS: The mean blood gas analyzer’s results for haemoglobin were above 2 g/dL (p < 0.001) than central laboratory, likewise haematocrit, this difference was % 7.4 (p < 0.001). When considering US CLIA limits, results that were outside of USCLIA limits for haemoglobin and haematocrit were 78% and 92% respectively. Blood gas analyzers were more successful in electrolytes, potassium (p < 0.001), and sodium (p < 0.001). Despite statistical differences two analyzer methods, results that are outside of USCLIA limits were 20% for potassium and 12% for sodium. Blood gas analyzers were reliable for glucose when compared with the central laboratory. There are no statistically significant results in the two measurement methods for glucose. CONCLUSIONS: Venous blood gas cannot be used for biochemical tests other than glucose in emergency departments. Venous blood gas can guide the physician until the biochemistry results are finalized

Evaluation of patients with fibrotic interstitial lung disease: Preliminary results from the Turk-UIP study

OBJECTIVE: Differential diagnosis of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is important among fibrotic interstitial lung diseases (ILD). This study aimed to evaluate the rate of IPF in patients with fibrotic ILD and to determine the clinical-laboratory features of patients with and without IPF that would provide the differential diagnosis of IPF. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study included the patients with the usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP) pattern or possible UIP pattern on thorax high-resolution computed tomography, and/or UIP pattern, probable UIP or possible UIP pattern at lung biopsy according to the 2011 ATS/ERSARS/ALAT guidelines. Demographics and clinical and radiological data of the patients were recorded. All data recorded by researchers was evaluated by radiology and the clinical decision board. RESULTS: A total of 336 patients (253 men, 83 women, age 65.8 +/- 9.0 years) were evaluated. Of the patients with sufficient data for diag-nosis (n=300), the diagnosis was IPF in 121 (40.3%), unclassified idiopathic interstitial pneumonia in 50 (16.7%), combined pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema (CPFE) in 40 (13.3%), and lung involvement of connective tissue disease (CTD) in 16 (5.3%). When 29 patients with definite IPF features were added to the patients with CPFE, the total number of IPF patients reached 150 (50%). Rate of male sex (p<0.001), smoking history (p<0.001), and the presence of clubbing (p=0.001) were significantly high in patients with IPE None of the women <50 years and none of the men <50 years of age without a smoking history were diagnosed with IPE Presence of at least 1 of the symptoms suggestive of CTD, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), and antinuclear antibody (FANA) positivity rates were significantly higher in the non-IPF group (p<0.001, p=0.029, p=0.009, respectively). CONCLUSION: The rate of IPF among patients with fibrotic ILD was 50%. In the differential diagnosis of IPF, sex, smoking habits, and the presence of clubbing are important. The presence of symptoms related to CTD, ESR elevation, and EANA positivity reduce the likelihood of IPF

The impact of the sharing economy on the hospitality industry: The case of Airbnb

Web 2.0, insanların topluluklarla bağlantı şekillerini değiştirdi ve insanların bilgi alma yöntemlerini de etkileyerek, insanların çevrimiçi bilgi almalarını ve aynı zamanda paylaşabilmelerini sağlamıştır. Paylaşım ekonomisi platformları; mal veya hizmet sağlayıcısı tedarikçiler, tüketiciler ve aracı olarak paylaşım ekonomisi platformu şeklinde üç farklı tarafın bulunduğu sistemlerdir. Platformlar sayesinde işlem maliyetleri düşmekte ve ikame derecesi artmaktadır. Böylelikle tüketiciler; düşük fiyat, daha fazla seçenek, daha iyi kalite ve kolaylıktan faydalanır ve tedarikçiler ise ek gelir elde eder. Platformların sıfır ya da çok düşük marjinal maliyetlere sahip olması ve aynı zamanda ruhsat ve vergilendirme gibi yasal düzenleme ve gerekliliklerin ihlal edilmesi, kayıt dışılığı ve haksız rekabete neden olmaktadır; ayrıca kısa süreli konaklamaya konu olan kiralamalar da birçok şehirde yasadışı şekilde faaliyet göstermektedir. Çalışmada nitel veri analizi yöntemiyle birlikte Airbnb özelinde vaka incelemesi ile bu fenomenin etkileri incelenmiştir. Airbnb platformunun tedarik kısmında yer alan katılımcıların olduğu piyasanın, monopolcü rekabet piyasasına benzer bir yapıya sahip olduğu söylenebilir. Bununla birlikte, ağ içi konuk ağırlama için uygulanan üç düzenleyici stratejiden bahsedilebileceği görülmüştür. Vergilendirme, listelemeler için kayıt zorunluluğu ve kısa süreli kiralamaların yasaklanmasıdır. Tamamen yasaklama ise çok az örneğe sahiptir. Çalışmada incelenmiş olan New York ve San Francisco şehirlerinde Airbnb'nin ağ içi konuk ağırlama hizmetleri piyasasında VRBO'ya kıyasla daha baskın olduğu ve Airbnb'nin otellerle rekabetinde ise "Özel Oda" seçeneğiyle daha ucuz alternatifler sunduğu görülmüştür.Web 2.0 has changed the way people connect with communities and has also affected the way people get information, enabling people to receive and share information online at the same time. Sharing economy platforms are systems in which there are three different sides: suppliers of goods or services, consumers and a platform as an intermediary. Thanks to platforms, transaction costs decrease and the degree of substitution increases. Consumers; benefit from the lower prices, more choices, better quality and convenience, and also suppliers earn additional income. The fact that platforms have zero or very low marginal costs and also violate legal regulations and requirements such as licenses and taxation causes informality and unfair competition. In addition, rentals subject to short-term accommodation also operate illegally in many cities. In the study, together with the qualitative data analysis method, the effects of this phenomenon were examined with a case study specific to Airbnb. It can be said that the market with the participants in the procurement part of the Airbnb platform has a structure similar to the monopolistic competition market. It has been seen that three regulatory strategies can be mentioned for in network hospitality: "Taxation, registration requirement for listings, and prohibition of short-term rentals". In the cities of New York and San Francisco examined in the study, it was seen that Airbnb is more dominant than VRBO in the in-network hospitality services market and Airbnb offers cheaper alternatives with the "Private Room" option in competition with hotels

Effects of Administering Dietetics to Cancer Patients Receiving Radiotherapy on Preventing and Decreasing Malnutrition

The aim of this research was to determine the effect of dietetics in preventing and reducing malnutrition in cancer patients receiving radiotherapy. This study enrolled 147 cancer patients receiving radiotherapy who had just started treatment at Inonu University, Malatya, Turkey. All of the enrolled patients had just started radiotherapy, could communicate readily, and agreed to take part in the study. The data were obtained using patient information sheets, the Subjective Global Assessment Scale (SGA), and anthropometric measurements. Weight measurements were performed in the experimental group after education and revealed that weight increased in 23% of patients, decreased in 40.5%, and remained stable in 36.5% of subjects. In the control group, 23.3% of patients exhibited an increase in weight, 43.8% experienced a decrease, and 32.9% remained stable. Statistical analyses revealed a significant difference among groups after education (p [Med-Science 2015; 4(4.000): 2782-96

Free vibration analysis and optimal design of an adhesively bonded double containment cantilever joint

797-806This study presents three-dimensional free vibration and stress analyses of an adhesively bonded double containment cantilever joint. Modulus of elasticity, Poisson’s ratio and density had negligible effect on natural frequencies and mode shapes of adhesive joint. ANN models predicted that support length and plate thickness played important role on natural frequencies, mode shapes and modal strain energy of adhesive joint whereas adhesive thickness has a minor effect. Genetic Algorithm combined with ANN model determined optimum geometrical dimensions, which are satisfying maximum natural frequency and minimum elastic modal strain energy conditions for each natural frequency and mode shape of the adhesively bonded double containment cantilever joint

Free vibration analysis and optimal design of an adhesively bonded double containment cantilever joint

This study presents three-dimensional free vibration and stress analyses of an adhesively bonded double containment cantilever joint. Modulus of elasticity, Poisson's ratio and density had negligible effect on natural frequencies and mode shapes of adhesive joint. ANN models predicted that support length and plate thickness played important role on natural frequencies, mode shapes and modal strain energy of adhesive joint whereas adhesive thickness has a minor effect. Genetic Algorithm combined with ANN model determined optimum geometrical dimensions, which are satisfying maximum natural frequency and minimum elastic modal strain energy conditions for each natural frequency and mode shape of the adhesively bonded double containment cantilever joint

Layer optimisation for maximum fundamental frequency of laminated composite plates for different edge conditions

In this study the layer optimisation was carried out for maximum fundamental frequency of laminated composite plates under any combination of the three classical edge conditions. The optimal stacking sequences of laminated composite plates were searched by means of Genetic Algorithm. The first natural frequencies of the laminated composite plates with various stacking sequences were calculated using the finite element method. Genetic Algorithm maximizes the first natural frequency of the laminated composite plate defined as a fitness function (objective function). However, the finite element method needs a certain calculation time of the first natural frequency for each new lay-up sequence and plate edge condition. In order to reduce the searching time of the optimal lay-up sequence an artificial neural network model was proposed and trained with small training and testing data composed of the natural frequencies of the composite plates calculated for random lay-up sequences, layer number, edge conditions and plate length/width ratios using the finite element method. The outer layers of the composite plate had a stiffness increasing effect, and as the clamped plate edges were increased both stiffness and natural frequency of the plate increased. In addition the Genetic Algorithm predicted successfully the optimal layer sequences without yielding a local optimum on the contrary the Ritz-based layerwise optimisation method [Y. Narita, Layerwise optimization for the maximum fundamental frequency of laminated composite plates. J Sound Vib 2003;263:1005-16]. (C) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved