Determination of allergenic pollens in the atmosphere of Trabzon province by volumetric method

Bu çalışmada, Trabzon ili atmosferinde bulunan polenler 01 Ocak 2016 – 31 Aralık 2016 tarihleri arasında volumetrik yöntemle VPSS 2000 (Lanzoni) cihazı kullanılarak araştırıldı. Bir yıllık çalışma süresince 45 taksona ait toplam 29150 polen m-3 Trabzon atmosferinde kaydedildi. Tespit edilen bu taksonların 24’ünün odunsu bitkilere (%69.78), 21’inin otsu bitkilere (%30.00) ve tanımlanamayan (%0.23) polenlere ait olduğu belirlendi. Çalışılan bölgede yoğun olarak saptanan odunsu taksonlar; Alnus sp. (%23.06), Cupressaceae-Taxaceae (%19.29), Pinaceae (%11.59), Betula sp. (%5.91), Platanus sp. (%3.38), Quercus sp. (%1.67), Ulmus sp. (%1.16) ve Fraxinus sp. (%1.05) olarak saptandı. Otsu bitkiler ise; Poaceae (%13.56), Urticaceae (%7.10), Boraginaceae (%2.12), Rumex sp. (%1.92), Mercurialis sp. (%1.36) ve Artemisia sp. (%1.25) olduğu belirlendi. Çalışılan bölgede polen yoğunluğunun en fazla olduğu aylar Şubat (%38.39), Mart (%11.88) ve Nisan (%15.67) olarak belirlendi.: In this study, airborne pollen grains of Trabzon were investigated using a volumetric trap VPSS 2000 (Lanzoni) from 01st January 2016 to 31st December 2016. During one-year study period, a total of 29150 polen m-3 belonging to 45 taxa were recorded. From identified taxa, 24 belong to arboreal (69.78%) and 21 taxa to non-arboreal (30.00%) and unidentified pollen grains (0.23%). In the investigated area, from arboreal plant taxa Alnus sp. (23.06%), Cupressaceae-Taxaceae (19.29%), Pinaceae (11.59%), Betula sp. (5.91%), Platanus sp. (3.38%), Quercus sp. (1.67%), Ulmus sp. (1.16%), Fraxinus sp. (1.05%) and from non-arboreal plant taxa Poaceae (13.56%), Urticaceae (7.10%), Boraginaceae (2.12%), Rumex sp. (1.92%), Mercurialis sp. (1.36%), and Artemisia sp. (1.25%) were responsible for the greatest amounts of pollen grains during the study period. The maximum pollen concentration of investigated area is recorded in February (38.39%), March (11.88%) and April (15.67%)

Efficacy of transcranial magnetic stimulation in treatment resistant depression

Transkranial manyetik stimülasyonun (TMS) tedaviye dirençli depresyon (TDD) sağaltımında son yıllarda yaygınlığı giderek artmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı TDD olgularında TMS‟nin depresyon ve eşlik eden anksiyete belirtilerine etkinliğini araştırmaktır. Çalışma Pamukkale Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Psikiyatri Anabilim Dalı‟na başvuran, DSM-5 tanı ölçütlerine ve Hamilton Depresyon Derecelendirme Ölçeği (HAM-D)‟ne göre hafif/orta derecede major depresyon bozukluğu tanısı konan, en az 8 hafta yeterli dozda biri SGİ, diğeri SNGİ grubundan olmak üzere en az iki antidepresan kullanımına rağmen tedaviye yanıtsızlık kararı verilen 38 hasta ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Hastalar randomize şekilde iki gruba ayrılmış, çift-kör ve çapraz geçişli olarak sol dorsolateral prefrontal kortekse yüksek frekanslı (10 Hz) 20 seans TMS ve 20 seans taklit (sham) TMS uygulanmıştır. Hastalara klinik değerlendirmede tedavi öncesi, çapraz geçiş aşaması olan tedavi ortasında ve tedavi sonunda olmak üzere üç kez Hamilton Depresyon Derecelendirme Ölçeği (HAM-D), Montgomery-Asperg Depresyon Ölçeği (MADRS), Beck Depresyon Ölçeği (BDÖ) ve Hamilton Anksiyete Değerlendirme Ölçeği (HAM-A) uygulanmıştır. Hastaların mevcut psikiyatrik farmakoterapilerine herhangi bir müdahalede bulunulmamış ve araştırma sürecinde kullanmakta oldukları tedavileri aynı dozda sürdürülmüştür. Çalışmanın çapraz geçiş aşamasında, bir grup sadece 20 seans TMS, diğer grup sadece 20 seans taklit-TMS aldığında hastalar değerlendirilmiştir. Aktif uyarım alan grupta HAM-D ve HAM-A ölçeklerinde istatistiksel olarak anlamlı azalma gözlenmiştir. Ancak BDÖ ölçeğindeki azalma istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bulunmamıştır. Taklit uyarım alan grupta MADRS, BDÖ ve HAM-A ölçeklerinde anlamlı azalma varken, HAM-D ölçeğindeki azalma istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bulunmamıştır. Gruplar birbiri ile karşılaştırıldığında HAM-D‟ye göre aktif uyarım alan grupta taklit alan gruba göre istatistiksel olarak anlamlı azalma gözlenmişir. Bu azalma MADRS ölçeğinde yine gerçek uyarım lehine olmasına rağmen sonuç anlamlı bulunmamıĢtır. BDÖ ve HAM-A ölçek puanları taklit uyarım alan grupta daha fazla düşmüş, ancak istatistiksel olarak anlamlı değerlendirilmemiştir. Çalışmanın son aşamasında ise her iki grupta da tüm ölçek ve alt ölçeklerde anlamlı azalmalar gözlenmiştir. HAM-D‟ye göre 38 olgunun %63‟ü tedaviye yanıt göstermiş, %15‟i kısmen yanıt vermiĢ ve %42‟si de remisyona ulaşmıştır. Bu çalışma randomize çift kör taklit kontrollü çapraz geçişli şekliyle, TMS‟nin taklit-TMS‟ye üstün olduğunu, tedaviye dirençli depresyon hastalarında farmakoterapiye eklenmesiyle klinik olarak önemli düzeyde iyileşme sağladığını ve eşlik eden anksiyete belirtilerine faydalı olduğunu ortaya koymuştur. Ancak örneklem sayısının daha fazla olduğu, farklı depresyon alt gruplarında ve takip çalışmalarıyla desteklenen geniş kapsamlı çalışmalara ihtiyaç vardır.The use of Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) has been increasing in the treatment of treatment-resistant depression (TRD) in recent years. The aim of this study is to investigate the efficacy of TMS in depression and comorbid anxiety symptoms in TRD cases. The study was performed on 38 patients with mild/moderate major depression disorder according to DSM-5 criteria and Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D) who applied to Pamukkale University Faculty of Medicine Department of Psychiatry. The patients were not responding to treatment despite the use of at least two antidepressants at least 8 weeks in a sufficient dose, one in the SSRIs and the other in the SNRIs. Patients were randomized into two groups. The patients were subjected to double-blind and crossover to the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex with high frequency (10 Hz) 20 sessions of TMS and 20 sessions of sham. Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D), Montgomery-Asperg Depression Scale (MADRS), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAM-A) were used in all evaluations. The patients continued taking their current psychotropic medications with no change throughout the study. At the crossing stage of the study, patients were evaluated only when the TMS received 20 sessions of TMS, while the other group received only 20 sessions. HAM-D and HAM-A scales were significantly decreased in the group receiving active stimulation. However, the decrease in the BDI scale was not statistically significant. There was a significant decrease in MADRS, BDI and HAM-A scales in the sham stimulated group but the decrease in HAM-D scale was not statistically significant. When the groups were compared with each other, a statistically significant decrease was observed in the group receiving active stimulation according to HAM-D compared to the group that receiving sham. Although this decrease was in favor of active stimulation on MADRS scale, the result was not found to be significant. BDI and HAM-A scale scores decreased in the group receiving sham, but not statistically significant. At the end of the study, significant decreases were XIV observed in all scales and subscales in both groups. According to HAM-D, 63% of 38 patients responded to treatment, 15% had partially responded and 42% had remission. This randomized double-blind sham-controlled crossover study shows that TMS is superior to sham, clinically significant improvement with addition to pharmacotherapy in treatment-resistant depression patients, and useful for comorbid anxiety symptoms. However, there is a need for extensive studies supported by different depression subgroups and follow-up studies

Evaluation in the Context Of Occupational Health and Safety of the Farmers Who Perform Agricultural Activities in the Thrace Region.

Çalışmanın amacı; tarım işlerinin Dünya'nın en tehlikeli sektörlerinden sayıldığı gerçeğinden hareketle, Trakya Bölgesi'nde yer alan illerde (Tekirdağ, Kırklareli, Edirne ve Çanakkale) kırsal kesimde tarımsal faaliyette bulunan çiftçilerin tarım işleri sırasında karşılaştıkları iş kazaları ve meslek hastalıkları ile tarımda iş sağlığı ve güvenliği konularındaki bilgi düzeyi veya eğitimlerinin ortaya çıkarılmasıdır. Araştırmanın Evrenini Trakya bölgesindeki yer alan köyler, örneklemini ise bu köylerden rastgele örnekleme ile seçilen 80 köyde ikamet eden çiftçiler oluşturmaktadır. Anket uygulanan çiftçilerden % 29,3'ünün hafif veya ağır bir iş kazasına uğramış olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Çiftçilerden % 14'ünde meslek hastalığı olduğu saptanmıştır. Çiftçilerin % 95,7'si iş kazası ve meslek hastalığı eğitimi almamış, % 74,3'ü tarım ilaçları konusunda herhangi bir eğitim almamıştır. Tarımsal eğitimlerin yetersiz olduğunu düşünen çiftçilerin oranı ise % 92,5 olarak saptanmıştır. Trakya Bölgesi'nde kırsal alanlar ve köylerde yapılan saha çalışmasında elde edilen anket verileri SPSS programında analiz edilmiştir. Bu araştırmanın sonuçlarının tarımsal iş kazası ve meslek hastalıklarına karşı ilginin, önemin ve bilinçlenmenin artmasına sebep olacağı; araştırmacılara daha geniş kapsamlı çalışmalar için fikir verebileceği ve kamu otoritelerinin bu konuda atacakları adımlarda yön gösterici nitelikte olacağı kanaatindeyiz.The purpose of the study; acting in the reality that the agricultural works are considered as one of the most hazardous sectors in the World, to reveal the level of knowledge and training of the farmers who perform agricultural activities in the rural area of the province located in the Thrace Region (Tekirdağ, Kırklareli, Edirne and Çanakkale) about occupational accidents and professional diseases they are exposed during agricultural activities and about occupational health and safety in the agricultural. The villages located in the Thrace Region and the farmers who residing in 80 villages which were selected by random sampling of these villages, constitute the universe of the study. It was determined that 29,3 % of the farmers surveyed, suffered a mild or heavy occupational accident. It was also determined that 14 % of the farmers had occupational diseases. 95,7 % of the farmers had not taken any training on occupational accidents and professional disease and 74,3 % of them had not taken any training on pesticides. The percentage of the farmers who think that their agricultural training is insufficient was determined to be 92,5 %. The survey data which were obtained in the area work in the rural areas and the villages in the Thrace Region were analyzed in the SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Sciences) program. We have the opinion that the results of this survey shall cause the attention and the importance and the consciousness for agricultural occupational accidents and diseases to increase and give ideas for wide-ranging studies and be of quality to show direction to the steps which public authorities shall take about this matter

Tuberculous Meningitis Presented with Bilateral Sensorineural Hearing Loss: Acute Deafness

Tuberculous meningitis is the most severe manifestation of extrapulmonary tuberculosis with a high mortality and morbidity rates. It is usually presented with headache, fever, consciousness disturbances and convulsions. Eigth cranial nerve involvement is rarely reported in patients with tuberculous meningitis. There are only a few cases who presented with unilateral sensorineural hearing loss in the literature and the relationship between sensorineural hearing loss and tuberculous meningitis remains unclear. Acute deafness due to bilateral sensorineural hearing loss is not reported in the literature. We presented a 64 year old man who presented with an acute onset bilateral sensorineural hearing loss associated with tuberculous meningitis

A case of coronary microfistula: A newborn microfistula

AbstractCoronary artery fistula is an abnormal connection between a coronary artery and a cardiac chamber, a great artery or the vena cava. Although coronary artery fistulas are known to be congenital malformations they might occur due to infection, trauma or may be iatrogenic. We present a case with acquired coronary microfistula, without any history of interventional procedure

Effect of training program implemented with a maze-balance board on the developmental areas of preschool children

Perceptual development which depends on ability of learning and maturity, is the most important process of mental development. It is commonly believed that the mental development of children is limited due to city life. Children can learn perceptual elements through movement participation. This improves the cognitive development, which triggers kinesthetic, vestibular, balance and tactile input stimuli that contribute to the integration processes in the central nervous system. Children become ready to learn when they develop perceptual and motor skills adequately during maturation and learning. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of the training program implemented with developed educational material (a maze-balance board) for perceptual and motor skills of preschool children. This study used a pre-post experimental design. Seventeen preschool children from a primary public school in the Middle Black Sea Region of Turkey participated in the study. Random assignment of preschool children to the intervention and control group was done. The children in the intervention group attended a perceptual-training program of 17 to 22 sessions implemented with the maze-balance board. Denver Developmental Screening Test II (DDST II) was used to perform the developmental assessment of children. Mixed Model ANOVA was conducted for statistical analyses. A significant interaction was found in language development and gross motor development, showing that supporting perceptual motor skills in preschool children has significantly contributed to the development of language and gross motor skills in this study

Thrombolytic treatment given at the and of the first week of stroke due to pulmonary embolism in a patient with middlee cerebral artery infarction

Thrombolytic treatment is the most effective and commonly used method into firs 4,5 hours of acute ischemic stroke and massive pulmonary embolism. It is known that thrombolytic treatment is definitely contraindicated in cases who had an ischemic stroke into last three months. In this paper, it was reported that thrombolytic treatment had given for pulmonary embolism which developed one week after stroke in a case with stroke due to middle cerebral artery occlusion. Here, we presented a case which is rarely seen and required difficulty in deciding

Consumer Complaint Behavior and Recovery Satisfaction: An Application of the Theory of Planned Behavior

The purpose of this study is evaluating the situation of consumers who have experienced dissatis-faction after purchasing a good or service, and who have reported this to the company, determining the effect of recovery satisfaction on of word-of-mouth communication (WOM) by including the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) in the process. Data was collected from consumers suitable for the research sample through the survey method, and hypotheses were tested by path analysis. Re-search findings revealed that voice, private, and exit sub-dimensions of complaint behavior have a negative effect on recovery satisfaction. Besides, recovery satisfaction has a negative effect on TPB. On the other hand, TPB has a positive effect on positive valance WOM, WOM content, WOM intensity-negative valance, and abstention, while it has a negative effect on recommendation. In this study, the relationship between consumer complaint behavior and word of mouth communi-cation was investigated by including the Theory of Planned Behavior to the process. Considering this theory in the axis of complaint behavior constitutes the differentiation point of the study