Doses crescentes de amônio-glufosinato no desenvolvimento do milho liberty link

Orientador : Alfredo Junior Paiola AlbrechtMonografia (graduação) - Universidade Federal do Paraná, Setor de Palotina, Curso de Graduação em Agronomia.Inclui referênciasResumo : O elevado potencial produtivo, composição química e valor nutritivo, fazem com que o milho, seja um dos cereais mais importantes, sendo consumido e cultivado mundialmente. Sendo assim, o uso adequado e responsável de tecnologias transgênicas é peça fundamental para que ocorra este aumento de produtividade, reduzindo os impactos ambientais, buscando a sustentabilidade nos agroecossistemas simultaneamente. A interferência causada por plantas daninhas na cultura do milho é um dos principais fatores adversos que atuam na perda de produtividade desse cereal. Com os avanços na engenharia genética pode-se desenvolver variedades seletivas a determinados herbicidas, o que permite facilitar o controle das plantas daninhas. As plantas transgênicas são produzidas em laboratório aplicando-se conhecimentos de biologia celular e molecular. Dessa forma, o objetivo do presente trabalho foi a avaliação do comportamento do milho, apresentando tecnologias que resultam na tolerância a herbicidas, submetido à aplicação de doses crescentes de amônio- glufosinato. Para isto foi realizado experimento em casa de vegetação localizada, na Universidade Federal do ParanáSetor Palotina. No experimento foram utilizadas as doses crescentes de amônioglufosinato, resultando em sete tratamentos. As doses aplicadas foram: 0, 250, 500, 750, 1000, 1250 e 1500 g i. a. ha- ¹. A aplicação do herbicida foi realizada no estádio V4 da cultura. Foi utilizado o delineamento inteiramente casualisado, em esquema fatorial 2x7, com quatro repetições, totalizando 56 unidades experimentais. Os híbridos utilizados foram 2B810PW da empresa DOW Agrosciences e 30F53HX da Pioneer. As variáveis analisadas foram altura de planta, índice de clorofila A, B e total, diâmetro de colmo, massa seca e fresca da parte aérea da planta e massa seca da raiz das plantas de milho. Com relação à análise estatística, foram realizados todos os desdobramentos necessários (P<0,05), para avaliar o comportamento das doses (fator quantitativo) foi empregada a análise de regressão e para comparar os híbridos foi utilizado teste de Tukey (P<0,05). Os resultados demonstraram que houveram algumas diferenças entre os genótipos utilizados, em que na maioria delas o híbrido 2B810PW se mostrou superior. Já com relação ás doses não foram constatados efeitos, não sendo possível ajuste de modelos de regressão

Lignées divergentes pour la consommation alimentaire « résiduelle » des pondeuses: réponse des poussins à une inoculation par Eimeria acervulina et comparaison de paramètres biologiques

International audienc

Desempenho agronômico de soja cultivada em sucessão a espécies de cobertura de inverno

The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of winter cover crop species on the agronomic performance of soybean (Glycine max) cropped in succession, under a no-tillage system. The study was conducted during three crop seasons (2011/2012, 2012/2013, and 2013/2014), with the following cover crops: white oat (Avena sativa), black oat (Avena strigosa), ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum), vetch (Vicia sativa), forage radish (Raphanus sativus), the intercrop black oat + forage radish, and wheat (Triticum aestivum) as the standard management. Forage radish and the intercrop black oat + forage radish provided greater soil cover rates after 30 days of planting, as well as dry matter production in the crop seasons. After 45 and 90 days from desiccation, however, white oat and ryegrass showed the highest soil cover rate. Black oat and the intercrop black oat + forage radish provided higher soybean yield than the standard management with wheat, in the 2012/2013 and 2013/2014 crop seasons. Winter cover crops can significantly affect soybean yield in succession, and black oat and the intercrop black oat + forage radish stand out for this purpose.O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito de espécies de cobertura de inverno no desempenho agronômico de soja cultivada em sucessão, sob plantio direto. O trabalho foi realizado durante três safras (2011/2012, 2012/2013 e 2013/2014), com os seguintes cultivos de cobertura: aveia-branca (Avena sativa), aveia-preta (Avena strigosa), azevém (Lolium multiflorum), ervilhaca (Vicia sativa), nabo-forrageiro (Raphanus sativus), consórcio de aveia-preta + nabo-forrageiro e trigo (Triticum aestivum) como manejo-padrão. O nabo-forrageiro e o consórcio aveia-preta + nabo-forrageiro proporcionaram maiores percentagens de cobertura do solo após 30 dias do plantio, bem como produção de matéria seca nas três safras. Após 45 e 90 dias da dessecação, no entanto, a aveia-branca e o azevém apresentaram a maior taxa de cobertura do solo. A aveia-preta e o consórcio aveia-preta + nabo-forrageiro proporcionaram maior produtividade de soja que o manejo-padrão com trigo, nas safras de 2012/2013 e 2013/2014. As espécies de cobertura do solo afetam significativamente a produção de soja cultivada em sucessão, com destaque para a aveia-preta e o consórcio aveia-preta + nabo-forrageiro

Hens ranked as highly feed efficient have an improved albumen quality profile and increased polyunsaturated fatty acids in the yolk

The shelf-life of eggs which contain elevated levels of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) is compromised due to the relative instability and therefore greater potential for lipid peroxidation of unsaturated fatty acids (FA). Poultry that are highly feed efficient (HFE) exhibit higher systemic levels of antioxidant enzymes, and therefore may produce eggs with improved albumen quality and favorable FA profiles that are stable over time. We tested the hypothesis that HFE laying hens produce eggs with improved internal egg quality and a favorable yolk FA profile prior to and following storage. Following an initial screening phase (7 weeks) using 140 Isa Brown layers (28 week old), the 10 most efficient (FCR 2.30 ± 0.05) hens were identified and designated as high feed efficiency (HFE) and low feed efficiency (LFE) groups respectively. Internal quality and composition were determined on eggs (n = 10 per group) stored at 150C for 0, 14 and 28 d. At 0, 14 & 28 d, the albumen weight, albumen height, Haugh unit (HU) and albumen:yolk ratio of eggs from the HFE group were significantly higher (P < 0.01), whereas the eggs from the LFE group had heavier (P < 0.01) yolk than the HFE group. After 28 d storage, the yolk color score of the LFE group was lower (paler; P < 0.05) compared to that of the HFE group. The relative proportions of total PUFA and the ratio of total PUFA and total saturated fatty acids (SFA) were higher (P < 0.05) in HFE group of eggs. The LFE group of eggs contained higher (P < 0.05) levels of lipid peroxidation markers (thiobarbituric acid reactive substances; TBARS) values both in fresh and stored eggs. The results suggest that HFE hens produce eggs with greater albumen quality and higher levels of yolk PUFA both at lay and after storage

International Consensus Statement on Rhinology and Allergy: Rhinosinusitis

Background: The 5 years since the publication of the first International Consensus Statement on Allergy and Rhinology: Rhinosinusitis (ICAR‐RS) has witnessed foundational progress in our understanding and treatment of rhinologic disease. These advances are reflected within the more than 40 new topics covered within the ICAR‐RS‐2021 as well as updates to the original 140 topics. This executive summary consolidates the evidence‐based findings of the document. Methods: ICAR‐RS presents over 180 topics in the forms of evidence‐based reviews with recommendations (EBRRs), evidence‐based reviews, and literature reviews. The highest grade structured recommendations of the EBRR sections are summarized in this executive summary. Results: ICAR‐RS‐2021 covers 22 topics regarding the medical management of RS, which are grade A/B and are presented in the executive summary. Additionally, 4 topics regarding the surgical management of RS are grade A/B and are presented in the executive summary. Finally, a comprehensive evidence‐based management algorithm is provided. Conclusion: This ICAR‐RS‐2021 executive summary provides a compilation of the evidence‐based recommendations for medical and surgical treatment of the most common forms of RS

Rapport om slaktekyllingforsøk

Årstall ukjent, fra siste halvdel av 1980-tallet

The role of Gastro Esophageal Reflux in Chronic Rhinosinusitis

Background: Chronic Rhino Sinusitis (CRS) is one of the most prevalent chronic disorders in industrialized countries. The disease has a major negative impact on quality of life, social and professional capacity as well as health in general. The etiology is multifactorial and partly unknown. As patients may have symptoms inadequately controlled, despite treatment as recommended by internationally validated guidelines, there is a need to understand more of this disease. It has been discussed for decades if gastroesophageal reflux (GER) may have a role in the pathogenesis of CRS in some patients. Objectives: The main aim of this research was to obtain a better understanding of the role of GER in CRS and to get a final answer to the question: Is there an association between GERD and CRS? Investigating the sino- and nasal-quality of life in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) compared to a control population. Assessing the occurrence of reflux in CRS-patients with the 24-hour multichannel intraluminal impedance pH-monitoring. Evaluating the presence and level of pepsin in saliva and nasal secretions, in CRS-patients compared to age and gender matched healthy controls. Methods: Three controlled studies were carried out, one on GERD-patients and two on CRSpatients. We used the 20-item Sino-Nasal Outcome Test in GERD-patients and a healthy control group. We performed 24-hour esophageal multichannel impedance pH-monitoring in CRS-patients and compared the results with data from a European trial on healthy subjects. We used the Peptest®, an assay for detection of pepsin, to evaluate the findings of pepsin in CRS-patients and an age and gender matched group of healthy controls. Results: Patients with GERD had a reduced nose- and sinus-related quality of life compared to a control group based on having a significantly higher total SNOT-20 score. Accordingly, this study indicates that there may be an association between GERD and CRS. CRS-patients had significantly higher incidence of gastroesophageal reflux compared with asymptomatic controls as measured with 24-h esophageal multichannel impedance-pH monitoring. As measured by the Peptest, we did not find more pepsin in saliva or nasal secretions in CRS-patients than in healthy controls, nor in those with high GerdQ scores or verified proximal reflux. We measured high concentrations of pepsin in both patients and healthy controls. This indicates a limited validity of the Peptest as screening tool for GER in CRS. Conclusions: The reduced sino- nasal quality of life in GERD-patients compared to healthy controls indicates a possible link between GERD and CRS. More reflux in CRS-patients compared to asymptomatic controls and the proximal extent of refluxate further indicates a link. High concentrations of pepsin in nasal secretion and saliva in both CRS-patients and healthy controls, as measured with Peptest, indicates a limited validity of the test for diagnostic purposes of GERD-induced CRS. The limited validity is further confirmed by the absent correlation between Peptest and proximal reflux as measured with 24- hour multichannel impedance pH-monitoring