Research, Design, Development & Demonstration (RD3) of a Wind Solar Hybrid (WiSH) System

Wind energy related activities had been initiated at NAL by the first director Dr P Nilakantan in 1959 and later valuable contributions were made through the wind resource assessment leading to the discovery of major windy sites in the southern India during the 70’s energy crisis. In the past few years, NAL had ventured into the design and development of wind turbines in order to create the indigenous technology base within the country. With its rich multi-disciplinary experience in the niche area of design of aircraft wings and helicopter rotors, an indigenous development of a 500 W wind turbine rotor for low wind conditions was taken up and successfully completed. However, to address the energy needs of remote areas in the country, it was realized that a hybrid concept tapping the wind and solar resources would be ideal and hence the development of a Wind-Solar Hybrid (WiSH) system was initiated at CSMST, NAL. This developmental work was multi-disciplinary in nature involving domains of aerodynamics, structural dynamics, electrical & controls and composite fabrication technology. The challenges of integrating the two devices (wind turbine and the solar PV panels) were addressed and the necessary hardware was developed with support from the local vendors. Yet another notable aspect of the hybrid system development was that under a PPP model, the industrial partner M/s. Aparna Renewable Energy Sources (P) Ltd. (ARES), Bengaluru, was involved in this effort right from day one, to facilitate the post development production and marketing of the product. The present paper highlights the key challenges in Research, Design, Development and Demonstration (RD3) of the WiSH system. It elucidates how NAL translated high end aerospace technologies into applications in the renewable energy sector & designed an India-specific low wind regime wind turbine, hybridized it with the Solar PV panels and demonstrated the WiSH system along with ARES – a local MSME

The organizational environment with its measures, antecedents, and consequences: A review and research agenda

The organizational environment is a focal element of multifaceted managerial decisions. Consequently, research has shown a long lasting and still growing interest in investigating the organizational environment and understanding its impact on a firm. Because it is widely assumed that the business environment will become more dynamic, changes in the organizational environment have drawn the particular attention of many scholars. While the extant research has established valuable knowledge, its fragmentation due to differing definitions and contradictory findings calls for a broad review to establish a foundation for future research. By analyzing 279 studies that have investigated different aspects of the organizational environment between 1958 and mid-2017, we contribute to various research streams that involve this environmental factor. We use a comprehensive research framework to categorize and review the previous work. In particular, we distinguish between studies that define or measure the organizational environment, as well as studies that investigate antecedents, outcomes, and moderating effects of the organizational environments. Among those categories, we discuss our findings, before subsequently synthesizing existing works and deriving an agenda for future research