Patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) characteristics.

<p>¹ Interferon β i.e Betaferon®, Rebif® or Avonex®</p><p>² Glatiramer acetate i.e Copaxone®</p><p>³ Cytostatics includes mitoxantrone and cyclophosphamide</p><p>Patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) characteristics.</p

Average BAFF plasma levels and disease-modifying treatments (DMT).

<p>Bee Swarm plot of BAFF level in untreated (UT), IFN-β, glatiramer acetate (GA) and immunosuppressant (IS)-treated groups were shown. Means and the results of Tukey HSD test are shown. *Average BAFF values during treatment were used. In case of medication change, the new average BAFF was analysed separately.</p

Average B cell-activating factor (BAFF) levels in the plasma of multiple sclerosis (MS) patients and controls.

<p>Bee Swarm plot of: (A) Plasma BAFF levels in healthy controls (HC group), patients with lower back pain (LBP group), and all MS patients. (B) Plasma BAFF levels in MS patient subgroups: stable MS patients (sRRMS), remission-relapsing MS patients (rrRRMS), and relapsing MS patients (rRRMS). Means and the results of Tukey HSD test are shown. Untreated (□) and IFN-β (●), GA (▽) or immunosuppressant (▲) treated individuals. *Average concentration of BAFF in patients during the follow-up period.</p