8 research outputs found
Common variants at 30 loci contribute to polygenic dyslipidemia
Blood low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol and triglyceride levels are risk factors for cardiovascular disease. To dissect the polygenic basis of these traits, we conducted genome-wide association screens in 19,840 individuals and replication in up to 20,623 individuals. We identified 30 distinct loci associated with lipoprotein concentrations (each with P < 5 × 10-8), including 11 loci that reached genome-wide significance for the first time. The 11 newly defined loci include common variants associated with LDL cholesterol near ABCG8, MAFB, HNF1A and TIMD4; with HDL cholesterol near ANGPTL4, FADS1-FADS2-FADS3, HNF4A, LCAT, PLTP and TTC39B; and with triglycerides near AMAC1L2, FADS1-FADS2-FADS3 and PLTP. The proportion of individuals exceeding clinical cut points for high LDL cholesterol, low HDL cholesterol and high triglycerides varied according to an allelic dosage score (P < 10-15 for each trend). These results suggest that the cumulative effect of multiple common variants contributes to polygenic dyslipidemia
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Pathologic response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in ovarian cancer and its association with outcome: A surrogate marker of survival
ObjectiveWe aimed to validate whether pathologic response (pR) to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) using a three-tier chemotherapy response score (CRS) is associated with clinical outcome in ovarian cancer (OC) and could be used as surrogate marker for survival.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective study of OC patients with FIGO stage III/IV disease who received NACT and graded response as no or minimal (CRS 1), partial (CRS 2), or complete/near-complete (CRS 3) pR using tissue specimens obtained from omentum. Uni- and multivariate survival analyses were performed accounting for age, FIGO stage, debulking and BRCA status as well as neoadjuvant use of bevacizumab.ResultsCRSs 1, 2 and 3 were found in 41(31%), 62 (47%) and 30 (22%) of the 133 examined cases. Response to NACT was associated with significantly improved progression-free (PFS, p < 0.001) and overall survival (OS, p = 0.011). Complete/ near-complete pathologic response (CRS3) was associated with improved PFS (median 24.8 vs. 12.5 months, unadjusted HR 0.28 [95%CI 0.15-0.54], p < 0.001; adjusted hazard ration (aHR) 0.31 [95% CI 0.14-0.72], p = 0.007) and OS (median 63.3 vs. 32.1 months, unadjusted HR 0.27 [95%CI 0.10-0.68], p = 0.006; aHR 0.32 [95% CI 0.09-1.11], p = 0.072) when compared to no or minimal response (CRS1).ConclusionsWe validate a three-tier CRS for assessment of pathologic response to NACT in OC and demonstrate its prognostic independence of BRCA status or neoadjuvant bevacizumab use. Improving pR rates may be a useful goal of NACT in OC with the expectation of improved survival. The CRS may be a useful endpoint in clinical trials in OC
Meta-analysis of genome-wide association data and large-scale replication identifies additional susceptibility loci for type 2 diabetes.
Genome-wide association (GWA) studies have identified multiple loci at which common variants modestly but reproducibly influence risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D). Established associations to common and rare variants explain only a small proportion of the heritability of T2D. As previously published analyses had limited power to identify variants with modest effects, we carried out meta-analysis of three T2D GWA scans comprising 10,128 individuals of European descent and approximately 2.2 million SNPs (directly genotyped and imputed), followed by replication testing in an independent sample with an effective sample size of up to 53,975. We detected at least six previously unknown loci with robust evidence for association, including the JAZF1 (P = 5.0 x 10(-14)), CDC123-CAMK1D (P = 1.2 x 10(-10)), TSPAN8-LGR5 (P = 1.1 x 10(-9)), THADA (P = 1.1 x 10(-9)), ADAMTS9 (P = 1.2 x 10(-8)) and NOTCH2 (P = 4.1 x 10(-8)) gene regions. Our results illustrate the value of large discovery and follow-up samples for gaining further insights into the inherited basis of T2D
Meta-analysis of genome-wide association data and large-scale replication identifies additional susceptibility loci for type 2 diabetes.
Genome-wide association (GWA) studies have identified multiple loci at which common variants modestly but reproducibly influence risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D). Established associations to common and rare variants explain only a small proportion of the heritability of T2D. As previously published analyses had limited power to identify variants with modest effects, we carried out meta-analysis of three T2D GWA scans comprising 10,128 individuals of European descent and approximately 2.2 million SNPs (directly genotyped and imputed), followed by replication testing in an independent sample with an effective sample size of up to 53,975. We detected at least six previously unknown loci with robust evidence for association, including the JAZF1 (P = 5.0 x 10(-14)), CDC123-CAMK1D (P = 1.2 x 10(-10)), TSPAN8-LGR5 (P = 1.1 x 10(-9)), THADA (P = 1.1 x 10(-9)), ADAMTS9 (P = 1.2 x 10(-8)) and NOTCH2 (P = 4.1 x 10(-8)) gene regions. Our results illustrate the value of large discovery and follow-up samples for gaining further insights into the inherited basis of T2D.
Common variants at 30 loci contribute to polygenic dyslipidemia
Blood low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol and triglyceride levels are risk factors for cardiovascular disease. To dissect the polygenic basis of these traits, we conducted genome-wide association screens in 19,840 individuals and replication in up to 20,623 individuals. We identified 30 distinct loci associated with lipoprotein concentrations (each with P < 5 x 10(-8)), including 11 loci that reached genome-wide significance for the first time. The 11 newly defined loci include common variants associated with LDL cholesterol near ABCG8, MAFB, HNF1A and TIMD4; with HDL cholesterol near ANGPTL4, FADS1-FADS2-FADS3, HNF4A, LCAT, PLTP and TTC39B; and with triglycerides near AMAC1L2, FADS1-FADS2-FADS3 and PLTP. The proportion of individuals exceeding clinical cut points for high LDL cholesterol, low HDL cholesterol and high triglycerides varied according to an allelic dosage score (P < 10(-15) for each trend). These results suggest that the cumulative effect of multiple common variants contributes to polygenic dyslipidemia