Efficacy of Dietary Urea-Impregnated Zeolite in Improving Rumen Fermentation Characteristics of Local Lamb

A research on dietary inclusion of urea-impregnated zeolite as slow-release urea (SRU) agent had been conducted to reveal its effect on ruminal fermentation characteristics in local lambs. The research used 24 heads of 7-8 mo old of local male lambs with (20.12±2.1 kg BW) designed upon a randomized block design. Treatments consisted of diets contained no urea, urea, zeolite, and urea-impregnated zeolite. The collected data was analyzed with UNIANOVA and Duncan’s multiple-range test. Results indicated that feeding no urea, zeolite, or urea-impregnated zeolite ration produced lower ruminal ammonia nitrogen than feeding urea ration (P < 0.05). Feeding zeolite ration produced lower ruminal pH than feeding urea ration (P < 0.05). Despite total VFAs were similar across the treatments, feeding urea-impregnated zeolite ration produced lower ruminal acetate, acetate to propionate ratio, or methane production than feeding urea ration (P < 0.05). Feeding urea ration produced the lowest molar proportion of branch-chained VFAs (P < 0.05). Feeding urea ration produced higher plasma urea concentration than feeding no urea ration (2.75 mM vs. 2.16 mM; P < 0.05). In conclusion, zeolite or urea-impregnated zeolite as slow-release ammonia or SRU agent was potential in decreasing ruminal ammonia, pH, acetate to propionate ratio, methane, and maintaining low plasma urea within its physiological range

Effects Of Zeolites On Litter Floor On Performent Of Broiler

Effect of zeolites-spread litters on broiler performances under different floor spaces had been performed in five weeks. As many as 324 chicks of a day-old Hubbard strain were fed rations contained 3,000 – 3,100 Kcal/Kg ME and 21% crude protein during starter period and fed the ratio contained 20% crude protein with similar energy during finisher period. The chicks were randomly allocated to three different floor spaces (10, 12, and 14 heads/m2) and three different zeolites spread litters (0.0, 2.5, and 5.0 kg zeolites/m2) under completely randomized design with factor 3 x 3 and 3 replications. Parameters concerned of present research including feed intake, live weight gain, and mortality rate were analyzed with analysis of variance and least significant different. Results of the present research showed that there was no interaction effect between floor spaces and zeolites spread litters on all parameters concerned. Floor spaces affected both feed intake and feed conversion significantly (

Pengaruh Penaburan Zeolit Pada Lantai Litter Terhadappersentase Karkas Dan Kompqn(en Non Karkas Ayam Pedaging Pada Kepadatan Kandang Yang Berbeda

Spreading zeolites on litter floor of broiler house at rate of 5.0 kg/m2 increased broiler carcass percentages up to 5.41 percents. Effect of zeolites-spread litters on broiler carcass and non-carcaSs components under different floor spaces had been performed in five weeks. As many as 324 chicks of a day-old Hubbard strain were fed with rations contained 3,000 -3,100 Kcal/I<g ME and 21 %crude protein during starter period and fed with the ration contained 20% crude protein duringfinisher period. The chicks were allocated to three different floor spaces (10, 12, and 14 heads/m2) and three different zeolites-spread litters (0.0, 2.5, and 5.0 kg zeolites/m2) under completely randomized design with factor 3 x 3 and 3 replications. Parameters concerned of present research including percentages of both carcasses and non-carcass components were analyzed with analysis of variance (ANOV A) and least .significant different.Results of the preseqt research showed that there was no interaction effect between floor spaces and zeolites-spread litters on all parameters concerned. Floor spaces affected the percentages of gizzard, kidney, and spleen significantly (p<O.05) but neither carcass nor abdominal fat percentage was af.fectedby the floor space. The zeolites-spread litters only affected significantly (P<O.05) on carcass percentage. Spreading zeolites at rates of5.0 kg/m2 on litter floor resulted in the highest carcass percentage (p<O.05) while rates of 25 kg/m2 resulted the same carcass pen:entage as the rates of 0.0 kg/m2. It was concluded that spreading zeolites at rates of 5.0 kg/m2 on litter floor under different floor spaces increased can:ass percentages up to 5.41 percents

Effects of three slow-release urea inclusions in rice straw-based diets on yearling Bali bull performances

The effects of slow-release zinc-urea complexes (ZnU), urea-impregnated zeolite (UZ) and zinc-ureaimpregnated zeolite (ZnUZ) on the performance of yearling Bali bulls were assessed using 20 Bali bulls (145.3 ± 2.5 kg bodyweight (BW)), which were allocated to five treatments and four replications in a completely randomized design. The treatments were: Diets supplemented with no urea (NU) and with urea (U), ZnU, UZ and ZnUZ. The results of the in vivo study revealed that both ZnU and UZ might replace urea effectively by increasing feed intake. Moreover, substituting urea with ZnU, UZ or ZnUZ increased crude protein total tract apparent digestibility whereas ZnU or UZ replacing urea, improved fibre total tract apparent digestibility. Furthermore, inclusion of UZ in the diet improved live weight gain and feed efficiency in Bali bulls above that of the U and NU diets. Thus, the inclusion of ZnUZ in rice straw-based diets showed slow-release urea had positive impacts on feed intake and nutrient digestibility, and increased the efficiency of feed utilization in Bali bulls.Keywords: Apparent digestibility, feed intake, urea-impregnated zeolite, zin

In vitro slow-release urea characteristics under different molasses levels contained in rice straw based diets

Slow-release urea characteristics of zinc-urea, zeolites-urea, and zeolites-zinc-urea were examined using in vitro techniques. The objective of this experiment was to study the in vitro slow-release urea characteristics of zinc-urea, zeolites-urea, and zeolites-zinc-urea under different molasses concentrations in relation to the ruminal fermentative changes observed in different incubation time. The experimental design employed was randomized block design with a 4 x 3 factorial arrangement plus a control treatment, and conducted in two replications. Factors were various urea sources (urea, zinc-urea, zeolites-urea, and zeolites-zinc-urea) and molasses concentrations (0%, 6%, and 12%) in rice straw based diets. The control treatment was rice straw based diet containing neither urea nor molasses. Diets consisted of 45% rice straw and 55% concentrates (DM basis) were formulated to have similar N and TDN levels. Responses of parameters measured were subjected to MANOVA using the GLM procedure of SPSS 16.00 and differences among mean values, if applicable, were examined using HSD-test. Orthogonal comparisons were used to determine the effects of control treatment vs. various urea sources following significance for the two-factor ANOVA model. Results indicated that zinc-urea, zeolites-urea, and zeolites-zinc-urea under different molasses concentrations contained in rice straw based diets decreased ruminal ammonia up to 48 hours incubation, controlled total VFA level and pH values revealed from lower NH3:VFA ratio, and improved both in vitro dry matter and organic matter degradabilities. The best impact of the in vitro slow-release urea characteristics of zinc-urea, zeolites-urea, and zeolites-zinc-urea on the ruminal fermentative changes (NH3, VFA, pH, DMD, OMD) was well attributed to the diets contained 6% molasses. Key words: Slow-Release Urea, Molasses, Rice Straw, In Vitr

Test on Emerita analoga as Cholesterol Reducing Agent on Mus musculus BALB/C

A reasonable effort to reduce cholesterol content of meat could be done by ration manipulation. Sea animals are known having high free fatty acid of omega 3 and 6 series. These nutrients could reduce meat cholesterol level if included in ration. The study aimed to reveal the effect of various level of sand crab (Emerita analoga) powder supplemented in ration on performances and meat cholesterol level of Mus musculus balb/c mouse. Thirty two mice, consisted of 16 male and 16 female of a 28-day old, were fed on one of four different rations with four replications in a factorial arrangement according to completely randomized design. The rations contained isoprotein and isoenergy but with different level of sand crab powder, i.e. 0, 12.5, 25, and 37.5% of the ration dry matter. The mice were treated for five weeks and each week body weight or orts was measured.  At the end of experimental period, the mice were slaughtered and carcassed and each of the right leg was sampled for meat cholesterol analysis. The data collected were analyzed with analyzes of variance and Duncan’s multiple range test was applied to separate the different means of each treatment. In addition, a polynomial orthogonal regression was applied to predict optimal level of sand crab supplementation. Result of the study revealed that experimental ration affected (P&lt;0.05) feed consumption, weight gain, feed conversion, and meat cholesterol level. Moreover, feed consumption, weight gain, and feed conversion were affected (P&lt;0.01) by sex of the mouse. Meanwhile, meat cholesterol level was not affected by sex. The experimental rations containing 25% of sand crab powder resulted in the best performances of the mouse and the optimal level predicted from polynomial graph was 23.02%

Pengaruh Suplementasi Zn- proteinat, Cu- proteinat dan Amonium Molibdat terhadap Performans Domba Lokal

Pengaruh Suplementasi Zn- proteinat, Cu- proteinat dan Amonium Molibdat terhadap Performans Domba Loka