27,462 research outputs found
Suppression of Dephasing of Optically Trapped Atoms
Ultra-cold atoms trapped in an optical dipole trap and prepared in a coherent
superposition of their hyperfine ground states, decohere as they interact with
their environment. We demonstrate than the loss in coherence in an "echo"
experiment, which is caused by mechanisms such as Rayleigh scattering, can be
suppressed by the use of a new pulse sequence. We also show that the coherence
time is then limited by mixing to other vibrational levels in the trap and by
the finite lifetime of the internal quantum states of the atoms
Low-energy Mott-Hubbard excitations in LaMnO_3 probed by optical ellipsometry
We present a comprehensive ellipsometric study of an untwinned, nearly
stoichiometric LaMnO_3 crystal in the spectral range 1.2-6.0 eV at temperatures
20 K < T < 300 K. The complex dielectric response along the b and c axes of the
Pbnm orthorhombic unit cell, \epsilon^b(\nu) and \epsilon^c(\nu), is highly
anisotropic over the spectral range covered in the experiment. The difference
between \epsilon^b(\nu) and \epsilon^c(\nu) increases with decreasing
temperature, and the gradual evolution observed in the paramagnetic state is
strongly enhanced by the onset of A-type antiferromagnetic long-range order at
T_N = 139.6 K. In addition to the temperature changes in the lowest-energy gap
excitation at 2 eV, there are opposite changes observed at higher energy at 4 -
5 eV, appearing on a broad-band background due to the strongly dipole-allowed O
2p -- Mn 3d transition around the charge-transfer energy 4.7 eV. Based on the
observation of a pronounced spectral-weight transfer between low- and
high-energy features upon magnetic ordering, they are assigned to high-spin and
low-spin intersite d^4d^4 - d^3d^5 transitions by Mn electrons. The anisotropy
of the lowest-energy optical band and the spectral weight shifts induced by
antiferromagnetic spin correlations are quantitatively described by an
effective spin-orbital superexchange model. An analysis of the multiplet
structure of the intersite transitions by Mn e_g electrons allowed us to
estimate the effective intra-atomic Coulomb interaction, the Hund exchange
coupling, and the Jahn-Teller splitting energy between e_g orbitals in LaMnO_3.
This study identifies the lowest-energy optical transition at 2 eV as an
intersite d-d transition, whose energy is substantially reduced compared to
that obtained from the bare intra-atomic Coulomb interaction.Comment: 10 pages, 14 figure
Gauge/Anomaly Syzygy and Generalized Brane World Models of Supersymmetry Breaking
In theories in which SUSY is broken on a brane separated from the MSSM matter
fields, supersymmetry breaking is naturally mediated in a variety of ways.
Absent other light fields in the theory, gravity will mediate supersymmetry
breaking through the conformal anomaly. If gauge fields propagate in the extra
dimension they, too, can mediate supersymmetry breaking effects. The presence
of gauge fields in the bulk motivates us to consider the effects of new
messenger fields with holomorphic and non-holomorphic couplings to the
supersymmetry breaking sector. These can lead to contributions to the soft
masses of MSSM fields which dramatically alter the features of brane world
scenarios of supersymmetry breaking. In particular, they can solve the negative
slepton mass squared problem of anomaly mediation and change the predictions of
gaugino mediation.Comment: 4 pages, RevTe
Little Higgses from an Antisymmetric Condensate
We construct an SU(6)/Sp(6) non-linear sigma model in which the Higgses arise
as pseudo-Goldstone bosons. There are two Higgs doublets whose masses have no
one-loop quadratic sensitivity to the cutoff of the effective theory, which can
be at around 10 TeV. The Higgs potential is generated by gauge and Yukawa
interactions, and is distinctly different from that of the minimal
supersymmetric standard model. At the TeV scale, the new bosonic degrees of
freedom are a single neutral complex scalar and a second copy of SU(2)xU(1)
gauge bosons. Additional vector-like pairs of colored fermions are also
present.Comment: 13 page
Single production of new gauge bosons from the littlest Higgs model at the energy colliders
In the context of the littlest Higgs(LH) model, we study single production of
the new gauge bosons , and via
collisions and discuss the possibility of detecting these new particles in the
energy collider(). We find that these new particles can
not be detected via the signal in all of the parameter space
preferred by the electroweak precision data. However, the heavy gauge bosons
and may be observed via the decay channel in wide range of the parameter space.Comment: references added, typos corrected. To be published in Phys. Rev.
Case report: A Stauffer’s syndrome variant associated with renal cell carcinoma and thrombocytopenia
Stauffer’s syndrome is a rare paraneoplastic manifestation of renal cell carcinoma which is characterized by elevated alkaline phosphatase, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, -2-globulin, -glutamyl transferase, thrombocytosis, prolongation of prothrombin time and hepatosplenomegaly, in the absence of hepatic metastasis and jaundice. In this case report, we report a patient who was admitted with fever, fatigue, abdominal pain, weight loss and pruritus in whom renal cell carcinoma was incidentally found in the right kidney during an initial workup.KEYWORDS: Cholestasis; Paraneoplastic syndrome; RCC; Stauffer’s syndrome; Thrombocytopeni
Sign problems, noise, and chiral symmetry breaking in a QCD-like theory
The Nambu-Jona-Lasinio model reduced to 2+1 dimensions has two different path
integral formulations: at finite chemical potential one formulation has a
severe sign problem similar to that found in QCD, while the other does not. At
large N, where N is the number of flavors, one can compute the probability
distributions of fermion correlators analytically in both formulations. In the
former case one finds a broad distribution with small mean; in the latter one
finds a heavy tailed positive distribution amenable to the cumulant expansion
techniques developed in earlier work. We speculate on the implications of this
model for QCD.Comment: 16 pages, 5 figures; Published version with minor changes from the
origina
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