YUGI’S CONCEPT OF GUNMAM PATIENTS REPORTING AT AYOTHIDOSS PANDITHAR HOSPITAL, NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF SIDDHA (NIS) - A CROSS SECTIONAL STUDY

According to Siddha system of medicine disease are numbered as 4448. One among them is Gunmam. Severe pain in the abdomen occurs as one of the symptoms and this makes the patient to bend forward in order to get relief from pain and hence the name is mentioned as Gunmam. As per sage Yugi, Gunmam is further classified into 8 types. The human body runs on the basis of Vatham, Pitham, Kabam and due to changes in the equilibrium of tri-dosha mankind acquires disease. As per Theraiyar Gunmam occurs due to vitiation of Vali thathu. Common symptoms of Gunmam are indigestion, vomiting, abdominal pain, abdominal distension, decrease body weight, loss of confidence. The signs and symptoms of Gunmam can be correlated to Acid Peptic Disease (APD). This study was undertaken to assess the incidence of different types of Gunmam patients reporting at OPD of Ayothidoss Pandithar Hospital. This is hospital based cross sectional study conducted in Ayothidoss Pandithar Hospital between months of May 2019 and July 2019. The study was given ethical approval by institutional Ethics Committee. The study included the completion of questionnaire which focuses on symptoms of eight types of Gunmam, thega ilakkanam, behavioural risk factors for Gunmam and physical measurements from randomly selected patients reporting to the OPD. Using Systematic random sampling method, 250 patients were selected from the OPD of Ayothidoss Pandithar Hospital. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS software. Among 250 Gunmam patients, 33.2% of subjects are Pitha thegi, 32.8% of subjects are Eri gunmam

AN ASSESSMENT OF QUALITY OF LIFE IN SWASAKASAM (BRONCHIAL ASTHMA) PATIENTS REPORTING AT AYOTHIDOSS PANDITHAR HOSPITAL – A CROSS SECTIONAL STUDY

Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease of the small airways that affects all age groups. Asthma symptoms lead to impairment in the physical, emotional and social aspects of patient’s life. Bronchial asthma can be correlated to Swasakasam as per siddha text book Yugi vaithiya chinthamani 800. In Swasakasam patients, respiratory symptoms are important determinants of reduced health related quality of life. Evaluation of Health Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) is a primary outcome measure in patient with chronic disease. The objective of the study is to assess the HRQoL in Swasakasam patients and to evaluate the risk factors associated with it. It was a hospital based observational study of which 100 asthma patients were evaluated to quality of life who were reporting at OPD of Ayothidoss Pandithar Hospital, National Institute of Siddha (NIS) through Asthma Quality of Life Questionnaire (AQLQ). In this study, asthma affects females more than males (63% and 32%) and with 2% of male children. For the total patient population, there was a maximum limitation in physical activity domain (2.22±0.41) of HRQoL compared to other 3 domains. In case of sub score of all domains the mean of emotional function domain is lesser in female patients than male. Bronchial asthma significantly affects QOL. To reduce the asthma severity yoga, Pranayamam may be used adjunctively with standard medication in bronchial asthma patients and awareness should be given to improve their quality of life and to reduce the number of asthma attacks per week

METABOLIC SYNDROME IN MADHUMEGAM (TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS) PATIENTS REPORTING AT NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF SIDDHA – A CROSS SECTIONAL STUDY

Introduction: Madhumegam is a clinical condition characterised by frequent and excessive urination which ultimately leads to deterioration of seven body constituents and three humours. Its signs and symptoms may be correlated with Diabetes mellitus in modern science. Since, metabolic syndrome has become major cause of morbidity and mortality, identifying its cause and prevention has gained immense importance. Aim: This study aimed at determining the prevalence of metabolic syndrome in Madhumegam (Type 2 Diabetes mellitus) patients and to identify the most critical predictive risk factors of metabolic syndrome. Methods: This hospital based cross sectional study involved 100 type 2 diabetes mellitus patients and was conducted at Ayothidoss Pandithar Hospital, National Institute of Siddha. This study used questionnaire to obtain information on diabetic condition, anthropometric measurements and lipid profile. Metabolic syndrome was defined according to the International Diabetes Federation criteria. Results: The prevalence of metabolic syndrome was 53% in the study population. Elevated triglyceride was the commonest component (77.3%) followed by lowered HDL (51%). Female type 2 diabetic patients had a higher prevalence of metabolic syndrome (54.7%) than their male counterparts (45.3%). With respect to age, individual within the age group of 60-69 had highest prevalence of metabolic syndrome while age group of 30-39 has least prevalence of metabolic syndrome. Conclusion: Elevated triglyceride for men and lowered HDL for women were the strongest risk factors. Metabolic syndrome is a significant health problem and its preventive strategies should focus on early diagnoses and lifestyle modification

Genetic Basis for Resistance Against Viral Nervous Necrosis: GWAS and Potential of Genomic Prediction Explored in Farmed European Sea Bass (Dicentrarchus labrax)

Viral nervous necrosis (VNN) is an infectious disease caused by the red-spotted grouper nervous necrosis virus (RGNNV) in European sea bass and is considered a serious concern for the aquaculture industry with fry and juveniles being highly susceptible. To understand the genetic basis for resistance against VNN, a survival phenotype through the challenge test against the RGNNV was recorded in populations from multiple year classes (YC2016 and YC2017). A total of 4,851 individuals from 181 families were tested, and a subset (n∼1,535) belonging to 122 families was genotyped using a ∼57K Affymetrix Axiom array. The survival against the RGNNV showed low to moderate heritability with observed scale estimates of 0.18 and 0.25 obtained using pedigree vs. genomic information, respectively. The genome-wide association analysis showed a strong signal of quantitative trait loci (QTL) at LG12 which explained ∼33% of the genetic variance. The QTL region contained multiple genes (ITPK1, PLK4, HSPA4L, REEP1, CHMP2, MRPL35, and SCUBE) with HSPA4L and/or REEP1 genes being highly relevant with a likely effect on host response in managing disease-associated symptoms. The results on the accuracy of predicting breeding values presented 20–43% advantage in accuracy using genomic over pedigree-based information which varied across model types and applied validation schemes.publishedVersio

Clinical evaluation of therapeutic efficacy of a Siddha herbo mineral formulation “Kumaara Veeriya Kaantha Chenduram’’ with “Nellikkai Legiyam” (internal) in the treatment of Iron Deficiency Anemia

Abstract: Background: Kumaara veeriya kaantha chenduram (KVKC) is a siddha herbomineral formulation indicated for paandunoi in Siddha literature (1).Paandu noi is a disease characterized by changes in the body's natural color andpallor found in the skin, nails and conjunctiva. Objectives: To determine the efficacy of the KVKC, the open labed clinical study was conducted in National Institute of Siddha OPD. Materials and Methods: The 30 patients with Iron deficiency anaemiawere selected and treated with KVKC orally with the dose of 260 milli gram twice in a day with Nellikailegiyam6 gram continuously for 45 days. Laboratory investigations for hemoglobin was done on 1st day and every 15 days once of the study.     Results: Clinical assessment was done, based on the before and after treatment scores which was compared statistically and recorded.Regarding Hemoglobin level, 24(80%) patients showed increase of 1 to 3 grams from base level, 6(20%) patients showed increase of 0.1 to 0.9 grams from base level.Regarding Serum Ferritin, out of 30 patients, 9 (30%) patients showed 0.1-3.5 ng/ml increase from its base level, 21 (70%) patients showed 3.6-7.0 ng/ml increase from its base level.From the Statistical studies, the Mean ± Standard deviation for Haemoglobin before treatment was 9.7 ± 0.93 and after treatment was 11.18 ± 1.08 which was statistically highly significant (p<0.0001).And Serum ferritin before treatment was 9.27 ± 3.31, after treatment was 13.5 ± 3.49 which was statistically significant (p<0.0001)

Conjugated organic dyes for dye-sensitized solar cells

629-634A new metal-free sensitizer 2-[3-(4-dimethyl amino-phenyl)-allylidene]-malonic acid (2) has been synthesized by the condensation of N,N'-dimethylaminocinnaldehyde and malonic acid. This dye has two carboxyl groups on the same carbon atom, which act as better electron withdrawing groups in addition to providing effective anchoring to titanium dioxide. The new dye has characterized by UV –Vis, 1H NMR and CHN analysis. Dye-sensitized nanocrystalline-titanium dioxidese miconductor solar cells (DSSC) have been tested in a stable and durable redox electrolyte. The efficiency of dye is as high as 1.38%. The dye molecule is thermally stable up to 100oC

Genomic Selection and Genome-Wide Association Analysis for Stress Response, Disease Resistance and Body Weight in European Seabass

The majority of the genetic studies in aquaculture breeding programs focus on commercial traits such as body weight, morphology, and resistance against diseases. However, studying stress response in European seabass may contribute to the understanding of the genetic component of stress and its future use to select broodstock whose offspring may potentially be less affected by handling. A total of 865 European seabass offspring were used to measure body weight and stress response. Moreover, a disease challenge experiment with Vibrio anguillarum was conducted in a subset (332) of the above fish to study disease resistance. Fish were genotyped with a 57k SNP array, and a Genome-Wide Association study (GWAS) was performed. Five SNPs were found to be statistically significant, three of which affect stress indicators and body weight (in a subgroup of the population), and a putative SNP affects growth performance, while no SNP associated with resistance to Vibrio was found. A moderate to high genomic heritability regarding stress indicators and body weight was estimated using the Restricted Maximum Likelihood (REML) process. Finally, the accuracy, along with the correlation between Estimated Breeding Values (EBVs) and Genomic Estimated Breeding Values (GEBVs), were calculated for all the traits

Genetic variation in BEACON influences quantitative variation in metabolic syndrome-related phenotypes

The BEACON gene (also known as UBL5) was identified as differentially expressed between lean and obese Psammomys obesus, a polygenic animal model of obesity, type 2 diabetes, and dyslipidemia. The human homologue of BEACON is located on chromosome 19p, a region likely to contain genes affecting metabolic syndrome&ndash;related quantitative traits as established by linkage studies. To assess whether the human BEACON gene may be involved in influencing these traits, we exhaustively analyzed the complete gene for genetic variation in 40 unrelated individuals and identified four variants (three novel). The two more common variants were tested for association with a number of quantitative metabolic syndrome&ndash;related traits in two large cohorts of unrelated individuals. Significant associations were found between these variants and fat mass (P = 0.026), percentage of fat (P = 0.001), and waist-to-hip ratio (P = 0.031). The same variants were also associated with total cholesterol (P = 0.024), LDL cholesterol (P = 0.019), triglycerides (P = 0.006), and postglucose load insulin levels (P = 0.018). Multivariate analysis of these correlated phenotypes also yielded a highly significant association (P = 0.0004), suggesting that BEACON may influence phenotypic variation in metabolic syndrome&ndash;related traits.<br /