EFEKAT PRAJMIRANJA SEMENA PŠENICE (Triticum aestivum L.) NA SADRŽAJ FOTOSINTETSKIH PIGMENATA I UKUPNIH SOLUBILNIH PROTEINA

In this paper, effect of different priming treatments in the pregerminative phase of wheat seeds (Triticum aestivum L.) on the concentration of photosynthetic pigments and total soluble proteins in the leaf of seedling was investigated. Seeds were treated with solutions of the phytohormones gibberellin and auxin (hormone priming), salts of potassium and magnesium (halo priming), ascorbic acid and hydrogen peroxide (chemo priming) and water (hydro priming). Based on the obtained results, it was determined that the content of pigments and total soluble proteins can be increased by applying the appropriate priming treatment. The most favorable effect on the examined parameters was observed in the treatment with potassium nitrate.Publishe

Genotoxic effect of gallic and ellagic acids in somatic and germ cells of Drosophila melanogaster

Phenolic acids are a large class of compounds occur naturally in a variety of plants and exhibit a wide range of biological activities, but toxic effects have also been observed. This study was designed to assess genotoxic effect of two selected phenolic acids, gallic and ellagic, in somatic and germ cells of Drosophila melanogaster using the sex-linked recessive lethal (SLRL) test and comet assay in vivo. The obtained results revealed that tested phenolic acids did not induce genotoxic effect and therefore have a safety margin for therapeutic use.Publishe

Evaluation of seed priming on germination and growth of basil (Ocimum basilicum L. cv. 'Genovese')

The priming method is a technique that can greatly improve seed performance and provide high-quality seeds for successful production. In this study, the effect of hormopriming (GA3 and IAA), halopriming (MgSO4 and KNO3), osmopriming (AA, H2O2) and hydropriming (H2O) on the germination, as well as initial stages of growth and development of basil (Ocimum basilicum L. cv. 'Genovese') were investigated. The application of different priming methods not only improved the germination performances of basil, but also significantly influenced the growth of seedlings (root length, shoot length, fresh mass, and vigor index) with the best results achieved by priming with GA3 and H2O2. In addition, it has been found that the concentration of photosynthetic pigments and soluble protein content can be improved by the appropriate priming treatment. The most favorable effect on the examined parameters was achieved during treatment with H2O2.Publishe

Effect of seed halopriming on improving salt tolerance in Raphanus sativus L

In this paper, effect of halopriming on germination, initial growth and development of radish under salt stress conditions was investigated. The seeds were treated with different concentrations salts of calcium, potassium, and sodium chloride (CaCl2, KCl, NaCl, respectively) in the form of a standard germination method and priming method, which involves modification of the metabolic activity of seeds in the pregerminative phase. The obtained results showed that all applied salts had inhibitory effects on germination characteristics (GP, RG and U, except MTG) and development of radish seedlings (shoot and root elongation, weight and vigour). Halopriming contributed to the improvement of tolerance to stress conditions, because the obtained values of all germination and growth characteristics were significantly increased. The best effect being achieved by priming with CaCl2 for germination characteristics and vigour and with KCl for initial development.Publishe

Non-invasive treatment of multiple enamel hypoplasia: A case report

Objective. Enamel hypoplasia is a quantitative disorder of enamel deposition during the secretory phase and is characterised by a deficiency of the enamel, while hypomineralization is a qualitative disorder caused by incomplete mineralization and maturation of the enamel, followed by the porosity of the solid dental tissues and the opalescent tooth colour. Clinically, hypoplasia is a risk for caries, tooth sensitivity, erosion, and affects the aesthetic appearance of a patient with a psychological connotation. The aim of the paper is to present the case report, the possibility of preventive measures and restorative treatments with minimally invasive requirements in these patients. Methods. At the Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, in March 2018, a thirteen-year-old boy was diagnosed with isolated hypoplastic enamel defects on teeth 24, 25, 26, 33 and 34. Results. Enamel hypoplasia was diagnosed by anamnesis, clinical and radiological examination. Preventive measures and conservative interventions were used to prevent progressive abrasion and early tooth loss due to caries and its complications. Conclusion. Early diagnosis, timely preventive methods and minimally invasive restorative treatment can correct anomalies and prevent possible complications.Publishe

The use of scaffolds in dental regenerative medicine

Scaffolds are defined as three-dimension porous solid biomaterials designed to perform some or all of the following functions: -promote cell-biomaterial interactions, cell adhesion, and extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition -permit sufficient transport of gases, nutrients, and regulatory factors to allow cell survival, proliferation, and differentiation -biodegrade at a controllable rate that approximates the rate of tissue regeneration under the culture conditions of interest, and -provoke a minimal degree of inflammation or toxicity in vivo.  Scaffolds can be used as replacements for diseased or damaged tissues. Their role is to provide support for delivering cells and/or growth factors to the proposed site of tissue regeneration. THE AIM of this review was to describe the current types of scaffolds and evaluate their use in combination with stem cells for tissue engineering application

Improvement of physiological performance of selected cereals by modulating pregerminative metabolic activity in seeds

Priming method is a presowing seed treatment which regulates the metabolic events in seed necessary for germination. Thus, the seed priming is a promising approach for improving seed germination and growth performances under diverse environmental conditions. This study was conducted in order to examine the effect of different priming agents (10−3 gibberellic acid—GA3, 10−3 indole-3-acetic acid—IAA, 2.5% KNO3, 1% MgSO4, 1% H2O2, 0.01% ascorbic acid (AA) and H2O) on germination, growth, vigor, relative water content, concentration of photosynthetic pigments, and protein content in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), and oat (Avena sativa L.). The obtained results showed an improved performance of wheat, barley, and oat due to seed priming compared to non-primed seed, but the effects depended on the tested cereal and the applied treatment. Overall, ascorbic acid can be regarded as a priming agent with the poorest performance. Treatments with GA3 and KNO3 exhibited the most significant effects on wheat and oat seed germination, growth and vigor, whereas GA3 and IAA were the most effective priming agents for barley. Priming seeds with GA3 significantly increased the values of the vigor index in all tested types of cereals. However, different priming treatments were effective for improvement of physiological performance of tested cereals. H2O2, and H2O contributed to the higher leaf water content, concentration of photosynthetic pigments, and protein content in wheat and barley, while these parameters were improved in oat by priming with MgSO4. In terms of tested parameters and diverse priming agents, oat can be regarded as the most responsive crop to priming compared to wheat and barley. It was concluded that the germination, growth, and physiological performance of wheat, barley, and oat could be improved by the priming method, but only by using the appropriate priming agent

Biological properties of selected Amaranthaceae halophytic species: A review

The family Amaranthaceae contains a large number of halophytic species. The aim of this paper is to present a review of biologically significant halophytes in the flora of Serbia belonging to this family. This review includes a description of the following 18 species: Atriplex littoralis L., A. rosea L., A. halimus L., Bassia sedoides Pall., B. scoparia (L.) A.J.Scott., B. prostrata (L.) Beck., Beta trigyna W. et K., Camphorosma annua Pall., C. monspeliaca L., Chenopodium ambrosioides L., Ch. polyspermum L., Ch. vulvaria L., Ch. hybridum L., Ch. album L., Ch. rubrum L., Salicornia europaea L., Suaeda maritima (L.) Dum., Salsola soda L. These species are sources of biologically active substances and have a good potential for multi-purpose applications. Most extracts of these species have been found to exhibit biological activities such as antioxidant, anticancer, antibacterial, antifungal, antiinflammatory and others. The aim of this review is to describe these species including their morphology, distribution, phytochemistry, as well as their use for medicinal and food purposes

PHYSIOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF WHEAT (Triticum aestivum L.) GROWN UNDER IN VITRO CONDITIONS

This study aimed to examine the effect of different media - Murashige Skoog (MS) and Gamborg (B5) on the growth and development of in vitro seedling cultures of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). The effects were evaluated through the measurement of root and shoot length, fresh and dry mass, as well as through the determination of the concentration of photosynthetic pigments (chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and carotenoids). The obtained data indicate that MS has better effects on the growth and development of wheat seedlings, since longer shoot length, and better fresh weight were observed on seedlings from this type of media. Additionally, higher chlorophyll b concentration and lower carotenoid concentration were measured in wheat leaves grown on MS medium. It can be concluded that MS is more suitable for establishing the initial in vitro culture of wheat compared to the B5 medium.Publishe

Pharmaceutical and biological properties of Stachys species: A review

The genus Stachys includes about 300 cosmopolitan species, making it one of the largest genera of the Lamiaceae family. The purpose of this paper is to present a review of Stachys species in the flora of Serbia among which some species are endemic to the Balkan Peninsula. This review comprises morphological, phytochemical, medicinal and food application of 17 taxa: S. аlopecuros, S. аlpina, S. аnisochila, S. аnnua, S. аtherocalyx, S. cretica subsp. cassia, S. germanica, S. leucoglossa, S. milanii, S. officinalis, S. palustris, S. plumose, S. recta, S. tymphaea, S. scardica, S. serbica, and S. sylvatica. The species of the genus Stachys are rich sources of biologically active substances and well known for their worldwide application. For most of the Stachys species, it has been shown that their extracts possess biological activities such as antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anticancer. The main goals of this review include the morphological description of species, representation of the major secondary metabolites, and presentation of traditional knowledge in food preparation