Japan-China 2008 Agreement: Common-Pool Resource Governance Problem

This research aims to answer the reason behind the stalled progress of dispute settlement in East China Sea between Japan and China, despite a high initial commitment to cooperate under "2008 Japan-China Agreement on Cooperation for the Development of East China Sea Resources" framework. This research was done qualitatively by amassing reliable literatures and relevant official documents. In accomplishing the research objective, this article employs common-pool resource (CPR) and security dilemma concepts to analyze the collected data. This research finds that the reason why the 2008 Agreement, which intended to make East China Sea as common-pool resource for Japan and China, did not work is due to the lack of institutional supply and commitment. The insufficient institutional supply was occurred since Japan and China, as appropriators of the CPR, were seeking less binding and more flexible rules. Even though that maximum result could be attained through high commitment, both Japan and China were not assured about each other intentions. Thus, the cooperation is stalled

韓国政治社会システムから見た統一問題

韓国の統一問題の課題について議論した

Background of New Leadership : Roh Mu-hyun and South Korean Society

韓国におけるポピュリズムについて、グローバル化との関係において論じた

Luminescence-based circular polarization convertors: polarization conversion of linearly polarized photoluminescence from one-dimensionally aligned quantum rods using retardation films

発光式円偏光コンバータの開発に成功 --円偏光純度と明るさを両立させる新たな円偏光生成技術として期待--. 京都大学プレスリリース. 2023-01-24.Existing methods for generating circularly polarized (CP) light from an unpolarized light source without using external electrical energy have drawbacks, such as a trade-off relationship between CP light intensity and purity. Here, we demonstrate an approach for the generation of high-purity, high-intensity CP light based on a luminescence-based CP convertor composed of a linearly polarized luminescence (LPL) film and a quarter-wave plate. The LPL films, fabricated by one-dimensional alignment of semiconductor quantum rods and laminated with a quarter-wave plate, enabled effective conversion of LPL to high-purity CP light and retained the photoluminescent spectral pattern, light intensity, and the large degree of polarization. The sign of CP light was easily switched by changing the orientation of the quarter-wave plate and the LPL polarization plane. Furthermore, we also demonstrate the first example of parallel-type and multi-layered luminescence-based CP light convertors for multiplexing optical information. Our findings will aid the design of next-generation CP light-generating materials

肺癌におけるREG Iα遺伝子の発現は、腺癌、肩平上皮癌で異なったメカニズムにより、予後不良を示唆する。

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of the REG Iα and REG Iβ genes on lung cancer cell lines, and thereafter, the expression of REG family genes (REG Iα, REG Iβ, REG III, HIP/PAP and REG IV) in lung cancer in relation to patient prognosis was evaluated. Lung adenocarcinoma (AD) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) cell lines expressing REG Iα or REG Iβ (HLC-1 REG Iα/Iβ and EBC-1 REG Iα/Iβ) were established, and cell number, cell invasive activity, and anchorage-independent cell growth were compared with these variables in the control cells. The expression levels of REG family genes were evaluated by real-time RT-PCR in surgically resected lung cancers, and disease-specific survival (DSS) curves were generated. The HLC-1 REG Iα/Iβ cell line showed significant increases in cell number and anchorage-independent cell growth compared with the control cells. EBC-1 REG Iα/Iβ cells showed significant increases in cell invasive activity and anchorage-independent cell growth as compared with the control cells. Except for the REG Iβ gene, expression of other REG family genes was observed in the surgically resected samples; however, DSS was significantly worse only in stage I patients who were positive for REG Iα expression than in patients who were negative for REG Iα expression. The effects of REG Iα on AD and SCC cells were different in the in vitro study, and a correlation between REG Iα expression and patient prognosis was noted in the in vivo study. Therefore, overexpression of REG Iα is a risk factor for poor prognosis caused by discrete mechanisms in AD and SCC patients.博士（医学）・乙第1339号・平成26年5月28日本文のリンク：http://dx.doi.org/10.3892/or.2013.2739Copyright © Spandidos Publications 201

トウキョウ イカ シカ ダイガク シガクブ シガッカ ノ リンショウ ジッシュウ シサツ ホウコク

In recent years, dental services are subdivided and complicated, moreover the social circumstances change busily. An important object of the dental education is to bring up the dentist who had rich knowledge and rich human nature adaptable to such a change. The dental students can learn knowledge and skills through lectures and phantom practices. However, it is essential to experience dental examination and treatment in the clinical field to bring up dentists such as the above dentists. In the University of Tokushima faculty of dentistry, clinical clerkship has been performed by patients' cooperation, and university students have learned a communicative competence and behavior to contact with the patients as well as the knowledge and skill of dental treatment, and improved the professional ethics. On the other hand, the patients suffering from underlying disease except dental disease such as hypertension, diabetes mellitus and heart disorder increase. When these diseases are particularly serious, scrupulous attention is necessary in the dental treatment, these patients are unsuitable for clinical clerkship if the patients are cooperative. Moreover it becomes difficult to get the patients' cooperation for clinical clerkship year by year. The improvement of dental clinical education is a matter of great urgency corresponding to such situation. Therefore we inspected a clinical clerkship in faculty of dentistry, Tokyo Medical and Dental University and collected information for improvement of clinical clerkship of the University of Tokushima, faculty of dentistry

Generation of time-multiplexed chiroptical information from multilayer-type luminescence-based circular polarization conversion films

時間変化する円偏光スペクトルの生成と読み出しに成功 --光記録や偽造防止技術への円偏光利用に期待--. 京都大学プレスリリース. 2024-02-09.Circularly polarized (CP) light generated from photoluminescence (PL) has great potential for the transmission of diverse forms of optical information including light intensity (brightness), spectral profile (color), and polarization (left-handed (LH)/right-handed (RH)), as well as temporal information corresponding to the PL lifetime of the CP light source. However, a systematic approach to the design of CP light-generating materials for the conveyance of time-multiplexed chiroptical information has not yet been reported. Herein, we demonstrate a novel approach to time-multiplexing chiroptical information using multilayered luminescence-based CP convertors comprising two linearly polarized luminescence (LPL) films with different PL lifetimes and a quarter-wave retardation film. We prepared LPL films with short and long PL lifetimes by stretching films comprising poly[2-methoxy-5-(2-ethylhexyloxy)-1, 4-phenylenevinylene] (MEH-PPV) and CdSe/CdS core/shell quantum rod (QR) luminogens, respectively. We then fabricated four types of multilayered luminescence-based CP convertors by laminating the LPLMEH-PPV and LPLQR films with quarter-wave retardation films, so that the azimuthal angles between the polarization axes of the LPL films and the fast axes of the quarter-wave films differed in each case. The resulting CP light comprised short- and long-lifetime components. Subsequently, we used a time-resolved spectroscopic technique to extract time-multiplexed chiroptical information from changes in the time-course of the spectral profile of the LH- and RH-CP light. The time-varying of CP light profiles were thereby read-out as time-multiplexed chiroptical information. Our findings will pave the way for the design of CP light-generating materials for conveying time-multiplexed chiroptical information

Endoscopic Ultrasound-Guided Gallbladder Drainage for Aberrant Right Posterior Duct Obstruction Developing after Placement of a Covered Self-Expandable Metallic Stent in a Patient with Distal Biliary Obstruction

Endoscopic ultrasound-guided gallbladder drainage (EUS-GBD) has been utilized as an alternative endoscopic technique for patients with acute cholecystitis. In addition to EUS-guided hepaticogastrostomy and EUS-guided cystogastrostomy, EUS-GBD has been reported as being useful for biliary drainage in cases with distal malignant biliary obstruction instead of conventional endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography. We present a case of successful EUS-GBD for malignant obstruction of an aberrant hepatic duct draining directly into the cystic duct