Demographics and Outcomes of Pulmonary Hypertension Patients in United States Emergency Departments

Introduction: Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a common, yet under-diagnosed, contributor to morbidity and mortality. Our objective was to characterize the prevalence of PH among adult patients presenting to United States (US) emergency departments (ED) and to identify demographic patterns and outcomes of PH patients in the ED.Methods: We analyzed the Nationwide Emergency Department Sample (NEDS) database, with a focus on ED patients aged 18 years and older, with any International Classification of Diseases, Clinical Modification (ICD)-9-CM or ICD-10-CM diagnosis code for PH from 2011 to 2015. The primary outcome was inpatient, all-cause mortality. The secondary outcomes were hospital admission rates and hospital length of stay (LOS).Results: From 2011 to 2015, in a sample of 121,503,743 ED visits, representing a weighted estimate of 545,500,486 US ED visits, patients with a diagnosis of PH accounted for 0.78% (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.75- 0.80%) of all US ED visits. Of the PH visits, 86.9% were admitted to the hospital, compared to 16.3% for all other ED visits (P <0.001). Likewise, hospital LOS and hospital-based mortality were higher in the PH group than for other ED patients (e.g., inpatient mortality 4.5% vs 2.6%, P < 0.001) with an adjusted odds ratio (aOR) of 1.34 (95% CI, 1.31–1.37). Age had the strongest association with mortality, with an aOR of 10.6 for PH patients over 80 years (95% CI, 10.06–11.22), compared to a reference of ages 18 to 30 years.Conclusion: In this nationally representative sample, presentations by patients with PH were relatively common, accounting for nearly 0.8% of US ED visits. Patients with PH were significantly more likely to be admitted to the hospital than all other patients, had longer hospital LOS, and increased risk of inpatient mortality

On the giant magnon and spike solutions for strings on AdS3×_3\times S3^3

We study solutions for the rotating strings on the sphere with a background NS-NS field and on the Anti-de-Sitter spacetime. We show the existence of magnon and single spike solutions on R$\times$S$^2$ in the presence of constant magnetic field as two limiting cases. We also study the solution for strings on AdS$_3\times$ S$^3$ with Melvin deformation. The dispersion relations among various conserved charges are shown to receive finite corrections due to the deformation parameter. We further study the rotating string on AdS$_3 \times$ S$^3$ geometry with two conserved angular momenta on S$^3$ and one spin along the AdS$_3$. We show that there exists two kinds of solutions: a circular string solution and a helical string. We find out the dispersion relation among various charges and give physical interpretation of these solutions.Comment: 18 pages, 1 figure, typos fixed, minor changes, to appear in JHE

Pendidikan Nilai Karakter Di Min Malang 1 (Upaya Mengokohkan Kembali Peran Madrasah Sebagai Basis Penanaman Karakter)

The essence of education is essentially not merely a matter of the transfer of knowledge, but also the transfer of values, in the sense that values instilment and those practices will be very significant in the formation of students' noble and good character, not only just simply memorizing and knowing. Character education becomes a very urgent matter to be discussed and further developed both in the theoretical framework as well as the practical one, therefore teachers and educators have a clearer image and deeper knowledge from an institution's experiences which continuously does the expansion in the implementation of education in order to achieve students' good character. The problems presented in this study are: (1) how is the implementation of character education in Malang MIN 1?; (2) What are the values dominating?; (3) What are the tools of control of character education in MIN Malang 1? The purposes of this study are: (1) to understand the process of implementation of the character education in Malang MIN 1, (2) to find the values of characters instilled, and (3) to know the evaluation tool used in the character education in MIN Malang 1. This study is a field research within a qualitative approach. The subjects of this research are the head of the madrasa, deputy head of the madrasa, teacher representatives, and student representatives. The process of data collection is done by means of observation, interviews, and documentation. The process of data analysis include: observation, interviews, and documentation. The data analysis process covers: data reduction, data presentation, and data clarification and verification. The results showed that , first, the implementation of the character education in Malang MIN 1 basically represents the development of education of akhlak al - Karimah implemented in several aspects, namely : (a ) curriculum , ( b ) the madrasa culture , and ( c ) self-development program. Second, the values of the dominant characters seen in the students of MIN Malang 1, are: the values of disciplines, religiousness, and appreciation of performance. Third, the evaluation measurement of character education in MIN Malang 1 are: Teacher's Diary (Anecdot Record), Case Book, and Counseling Book Report (BK)

Implementasi Pendidikan Karakter di SD/MI

Konsep dasar pendidikan karakter sekaligus implementasinya pada tingkat Sekolah Dasar (SD)/Madrasah Ibtidaiyah (MI) dengan berbagai karakteristik perkembangan psikis para peserta didik di lingkungan SD/MI tentu berbeda dengan perkembangan psikis peserta didik pada jenjang berikutnya. Pendidikan karakter menjadi sangat penting untuk dibahas melihat kondisi moral bangsa yang semakin hari semakin memprihatinkan. Pendidikan mempunyai peran dan tanggung jawab yang besar dalam menyelesaikan segala persoalan bangsa, terlebih persoalan yang terkait dengan karakter bangsa itu sendiri. Oleh karenanya, pendidikan karakter harus mampu menjadi ruh dari misi pendidikan secara keseluruhan dan harus terus ditumbuhkembangkan pada generasi bangsa sedini mungkin. Usia anak adalah usia yang sangat vital dalam menentukan perkembangan berikutnya, sehingga orang tua termasuk para pendidik sudah semestinya membekali anak-anak mereka dengan karakter yang baik dan budi pekerti yang mulia, sehingga mereka mampu menjadi generasi yang cerdas, unggul, dan mulia di masa yang akan datang.Dalam artikel ini, lingkup pembahasan terpusat pada tiga hal; pertama, konsep dasar pendidikan karakter secara umum; dua, karakteristik siswa SD/MI; dan yang ketiga, adalah implementasi pendidikan karakter bagi siswa SD/MI. Perlu adanya inspirasi bagi kita para orang tua sekaligus pendidik untuk memaksimalkan kembali pendidikan karakter dan budi pekerti sedini mungkin, harapannya tiada lain adalah agar putra-putri kita tumbuh menjadi pribadi yang cerdas tidak hanya secara intelektual akan tetapi juga secara moral dan sosial, amin

Nonfactorization in Hadronic Two-body Cabibbo-favored decays of D^0 and D^+

With the inclusion of nonfactorized amplitudes in a scheme with $N_c=3$, we have studied Cabibbo-favored decays of $D^0$ and $D^+$ into two-body hadronic states involving two isospins in the final state. We have shown that it is possible to understand the measured branching ratios and determined the sizes and signs of nonfactorized amplitudes required.Comment: 15 pages, Late