Particle-Size Distribution in Soils in Various Ground Moraine Catenas in The Masurian Lakeland

The aim of the work has been to compare the particle-size distribution in the soils of two catenas located in two mesoregions in the Masurian Lakeland and formed within two phases of the Vistula Glaciation. The studied catenas are located in the Olsztyn Lakeland within the Pomeranian phase (Pierwągi catena) and the Mragowo Lakeland within the Poznan phase of the Vistula Glaciation (Linowo catena). The soil sequence in the catenas was as follows: Haplic Cambisol (Eutric) – Mollic Gleysol (Colluvic) – Umbric Gleysol – Limnic Sapric Histosol. In 34 soil samples collected from genetic horizons, the particle size was analysed as well as sedimentological and granulometric indices were calculated. The soils of the two studied catenas (except for two soil horizons) had similar texture of sandy loam. The translocation of the silt fraction occurred down the slope. The soils located in land depressions contained 40% more of the silt fraction than the soils on the summit of the slope. This process was not noted for the clay fraction. The studied soils were weakly and very weakly sorted and were variously sedimented in different environments. The soils formed from postglacial loam had a smaller mean grain diameter (up to 0.051 mm) than the soils formed from colluvialdeposits. Among the studied granulometric fractions, fine and very fine sand prevailed

Soil Air-Water Properties in Catena of Sepopol Lowland

In the sequence of soil composed of black earths, deluvial soils, organic soils covered with a thin layer of mineral-organic deposit and moorsh soils, soil texture, bulk density, content of organic carbon and organic matter, total porosity, total and readily available water as well as resources of organic matter and water in 0-25 cm and 0-100 cm layers of the soil profile were studied. A catenal variabilities of organic matter content and physical-water properties were found. Physical properties and the contents of total and readily available water depended on soil texture, organic matter content and location in a relief. Total porosity, field water capacity and volume of macropores were positively correlated with organic matter content, and negatively with bulk density. Differences in studied properties between the pedons of black earths and deluvial soils were small, whereas these differences between deluvial and moorsh soils were distinct. In the development of water resources in the profiles of these soils, presence of organic subsoil with high retention capacity played the important role. The studied soils had unfavorable distribution of soil pores, resulting from a small volume of air pores

Dietary catering and its effectiveness combined with physical exercise

Introduction: Proper nutrition benefits affect the health of the body. Throughout the world, you can observe the prevailing trend for physical exercise, healthy eating and active lifestyle. There are a lot of publications and books about dietetics, physical activity and selected diets. The aim of a study: The aim of the presented work was concerning the effects of catering diet combined with physical exertion, by customers catering for " Perfect Housewife " based in Ostrów Wielkopolski, Poland. Material and methods: A hundred people using dietary catering were asked about the re¬sults of the service. The relation between dietary catering and physical activity, sex, place of resi-dence and having food intolerance were evaluated. Conclusions: 1. Results of dietary catering are better when it is combined with physical ac-tivities. 2. Men have better mood more often and residents of towns from 20 to 100 thousands inhabitants have better medical examinations results as a consequence of using dietary cater-ing. 3. Food intolerance have no influence on the efficacy of using dietary catering

Variability of Some Physical Properties of Limnic Rendzinas in the Mazurian Lakeland (NE Poland)

The variability of some physical properties of limnic rendzinas in the Mazurian Lakeland are discussed in the paper. For the study, six sites (68 soil carbonate samples) in NE Poland were examined in terms of their physical properties: total porosity, specific density, wet and dry bulk densities, volumetric and gravimetric water content. Moreover, the content of organic matter, CaCO3 and non-calcareous fractions were also analysed to determine the type of soil calcareous sediments, and on this basis, three groups were isolated: calcareous gyttja, meadow limestone, lacustrine chalk. The highest values of specific and bulk densities were stated in lacustrine chalk, whereas the lowest ones – in calcareous gyttja. The highest total porosity was noted in calcareous gyttja, and the lowest one in meadow limestone. Lacustrine chalk and calcareous gyttja had the highest water content, and the differences between physical properties and soil calcareous materials were statistically significant. However, the differences between soil physical properties in surface soil horizons and calcareous materials were not statistically significant. Correlation coefficients showed that there were statistical dependencies between the examined soil properties, and the principal component analysis proved that soil physical properties were dependent mainly on organic matter

Water Permeability of Soils Amended with Sewage Sludge on Short-Rotation Plantations in Europe

Soil permeability is the measure of the soil’s ability to permit water to flow through soil pores. It depends chiefly on the volume and geometry of soil pores, bulk density, and soil structure. Studied soils were overgrown with short-rotation plantations of Salix and amended with sewage sludge in Germany, Estonia, and Poland. Sewage sludge application as well as the use of soils influenced water permeability

Holistic approach to the treatment of cervical spine pain syndromes

AbstractSpinal pain, including the cervical spine, is currently one of  the most common causes of patient visits to physiotherapy clinics. The pursuit for material goods of modern society, stress, lack of time for physical activities and effective rest or staying most of the day in forced sitting position (at work, at home, in the car) are causes for such trends.Extremely important at the very beginning of the planning of the therapy process is the analysis of the underlying dysfunction that may have different origins. The very visual assessment of the patient's posture pattern during the first visit to the clinic provides valuable information, such as emotional state or positioning of individual body parts, which is important for the progress of therapy and the sustainability of improvement.The article presents a new perspective on the pain of the cervical spine as a disorder of the fascia, requiring tissue and emotional integration. Based on Kinesis Myofascial Integration (KMI), the anatomy trains (musculoskeletal chains), attention focuses on the essential components of cervical dysfunction therapy that may appear to be completely unrelated to the dysfunction seen only through the traditional treatment (symptomatic)

Nutrient abundance and variability from soils in the coast of king George Island

The goal of the study was to assess the levels of plant available nutrients in the soils of the Antarctic oasis of Point Thomas in the vicinity of Polish Antarctic Station H. Arctowski. Antarctic soils are undergoing transformations in the era of climatic changes and it is important to quantify changes in soil properties and determine the relationships between soil properties and ecological gradient. Total C and N were determined using CN analyser, mineral forms of nitrogen were determined colorimetrically, plant available P and K was analysed with Egner-Riehm method, Mg with Schachtschabel method and Fe, Mn, Cu, Zn were determined in 1M KCl using AAS (Atomic Absorption Spectrometry) method. The amounts of analysed compounds were dependent on organic matter, which was influenced by plant succession, and in some sites by the activity of seabirds. Most of organic matter was accumulated in the vicinity of penguin colony. All studied soils were abundant in plant available forms of studied macro- and micronutrients. In addition to translocation of biogens (mainly N and P) from the sea to the land by piscivorous birds, a dispersion of biogens on the entire ice-free area occurs. It is related to the occasional appearance of scua as well as the eolian topsoil dust input

Developing benign Ni/g-C3N4 catalysts for CO2 hydrogenation: Activity and toxicity study

This research discusses the CO2 valorization via hydrogenation over the non-noble metal dusters of Ni and Cu supported on graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4). The Ni and Cu catalysts were characterized by conventional techniques including XRD, AFM, ATR, Raman imaging, and TPR and were tested via the hydrogenation of CO2 at 1 bar. The transition-metal-based catalyst designed with atom-economy principles presents stable activity and good conversions for the studied processes. At 1 bar, the rise in operating temperature during CO2 hydrogenation increases the CO(2 )conversion and the selectivity for CO and decreases the selectivity for methanol on Cu/CN catalysts. For the Ni/CN catalyst, the selectivity to light hydrocarbons, such as CH4, also increased with rising temperature. At 623 K, the conversion attained ca. 20%, with CH4 being the primary product of the reaction (CH4 yield >80%). Above 700 K, the Ni/CN activity increases, reaching almost equilibrium values, although the Ni loading in Ni/CN is lower by more than 90% compared to the reference NiREF catalyst. The presented data offer a better understanding of the effect of the transition metals' small metal cluster and their coordination and stabilization within g-C3N4, contributing to the rational hybrid catalyst design with a less-toxic impact on the environment and health. Bare g-C3N4 is shown as a good support candidate for atom-economy-designed catalysts for hydrogenation application. In addition, cytotoxicity to the keratinocyte human HaCaT cell line revealed that low concentrations of catalysts particles (to 6.25 mu g mL(-1)) did not cause degenerative changes.Web of Scienc

Soil sequences atlas. 2

TäistekstThis is the second book in the series of Soil Sequence Atlases. The first volume was published in 2014. Main pedogeographic features are presented in the form of sequences to give a comprehensive picture of soils - their genesis and correlations with the environment in typical landscapes of Central Europe from Estonia furthest north, through Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Germany, Czechia, Slovakia and Hungary to the southernmost Slovenia. Soils of natural landscapes - loess and sand (continental dunes) - are presented, as well as those of plains of various origin, karst lands, low mountains, and anthropically modified soils. Each chapter presents soil profiles supplemented by landscape information and basic analytical data. Then, genetic interpretations of soil properties related to soil forming agents are given as schematic catenas. When one factor changes while the others are more or less stable, the soil sequence can be recognised. Depending on the dominant soil-forming factor affecting repeated soil patterns, different types can be distinguished. Chapters are arranged roughly in accordance with the main soil-forming process in sequences, and referring to the WRB key (peat formation, vertic and gleyic process, podzolisation, humus accumulation, clay illuviation), with one small exception - the Technosols have been placed at the end of book. The main objective of this book is to present the diversity of relations between soil and landscape, climate, hydrology and human relations, and to present interpretations reflecting the World Reference Base for Soil Resources (2015) classification with comments on the choice of qualifiers. Sixteen Reference Soil Groups are featured, and represented by 67 soil profiles. The secondary objective is pedological education. One of the aims of soil science education is to explain to students the relations between landscape and soil cover. The patterns of soil units within landscapes are to some extent predictable. The collected data is intended as a useful educational tool in teaching soil science, supporting understanding of the reasons for the variability of soil cover, and also as a WRB classification guideline. The Atlas was developed as part of the EU Erasmus+ FACES project (Freely Accessible Central European Soil). Marcin Šwitoniak, Przemyslaw Charzynsk

Denial of long-term issues with agriculture on tropical peatlands will have devastating consequences

Non peer reviewe