A Comparative Analysis of the Scholastic Achievement of the Students of Government and Private Secondary Schools in English and Urdu Prose

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mso-style-qformat:yes; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; mso-para-margin-top:0in; mso-para-margin-right:0in; mso-para-margin-bottom:10.0pt; mso-para-margin-left:0in; line-height:115%; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:11.0pt; font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family:Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;} This paper is based on a study conducted in 2007 in order to have an analysis of the scholastic achievement of the students of government and private schools in the subject of English and Urdu prose in Tehsil Arifwala (Punjab, Pakistan). The total sample for the study was 280 which was randomly selected. An achievement test was developed for the students. The test was based on multiple choice items, words meanings, matching columns, fill in the blanks and true false statements. The collected data were analyzed by using the statistical techniques of arithmetic means, standard deviation, percentage, z test and co-efficient of correlation. The results of the study showed that overall performance of private schools was better than that of students of government schools. The performance of female students was better in English prose than that of male students. The performance of male students was better in Urdu prose than that of female students.</p

A questionnaire-based study to assess the awareness about package inserts amongst the resident doctors in a medical college of North India

Background: A package insert (PI) is a document certified by the administering licensing authority, provided along the package of a drug. They are a valuable source of knowledge and can be of tremendous help to doctors as doctors are evidence based. The objective of this study was to assess the awareness about package inserts among residents in a teaching hospital in north India.Methods: The present study was a cross-sectional, observational study carried out on residents in SKIMS Medical College, Srinagar (Jammu and Kashmir) to assess the awareness of participants regarding PIs. The questionnaire was pre-validated and then was used to elicit responses from the residents about their knowledge and opinion regarding the PIs.Results: A total of 96 residents participated in the study. About 67.7% of the participants agreed that PIs augment drug information but only 47.9% of the residents referred PIs as a source of knowledge for indication/contraindication/ adverse effects. 57.29% asserted it is important to tell the patient to read the package insert. Unfortunately, only 8.3% of the study participants had the knowledge of DRUG ACTS governing the information to be provided on PIs in India.Conclusions: The present study revealed that the residents have good attitude and knowledge towards PIs. However, the information provided on Package Inserts was not optimally used by them. The results of this study strongly suggest that there is a need to create awareness among resident doctors about PIs

Twin reversed arterial perfusion syndrome: a rare but critical event of twin pregnancy

Twin-Reversed Arterial Perfusion (TRAP) sequence is also known as acardiac twin gestation or chorioangiopagus parasiticus, it is a rare and unique complication of monozygotic monochorionic twin pregnancies. 35 year old 8 gravida four alive issues and one spontaneous abortion. Patient came with complaint of pain in abdomen since 8 hours. She was having an ultrasonography report of twin pregnancy of 28 weeks gestation with one fetus alive and normal while other fetus was anomalous fetus FHS of first fetus was localised while FHS of other fetus was not localised. Twin-Reversed Arterial Perfusion (TRAP) sequence is a rare complication of monochorionic multiple gestation. Accurate antenatal diagnosis is essential to improve the prognosis of this rare entity

THE TWELFTH ASIAN TECHNOLOGY CONFERENCE ON MATHEMATICS (ATCM – 2007)

The Twelfth Asian Technology Conference on Mathematics (ATCM 2007) was held during December 16 - 20, 2007 at Taipei, Taiwan. The conference was organized by Mathematics and Technology, LLC, USA

Preculturing effect of thidiazuron on in vitro shoot multiplication and micropropagation round in Capparis decidua (Forsk.) an important multipurpose plant

An efficient protocol was developed for clonal multiplication of an important shrub: Capparis decidua (Forsk.) Edgew, through in vitro shoot induction and multiplication from nodal explants. Pretreatment of nodal explants in a liquid Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium augmented with various thidiazuron (TDZ) concentrations at relatively high levels (5–100 μM) for different time duration (4, 8, 12 and 16 d), proved a significant approach for in vitro shoot production. After an initial exposure time to TDZ, nodal explants were inoculated onto a MS basal medium devoid of TDZ for further induction and proliferation. The highest regeneration rate (85%), average number of shoots/explant (8.7 ± 0.22) and maximum shoot length (3.9 ± 0.33 cm) were obtained from the nodal explants exposed to 50 μM TDZ for 8 d. The nodal explants excised from the proliferated cultures of TDZ (50 μM) for 8 d were used as explants and showed an enhancement rate after next three round of in vitro propagation. Best results for rooting was obtained by ex vitro treatment of shoots with 200 μM indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) for 20 min. as it produced an average of 5.7 ± 0.41 roots per microshoot with 4.4 ± 0.39 cm root length in 84% shoots. Different planting substrates was tested for maximum survival of hardening off micropropagated plantlets and soilrite proved most effective than others as 97.1 ± 7.21 plantlets survived. All micropropagated plants grew well in natural conditions and showed similar morphology to the mother plant

Transects of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and organochlorine pesticides in an urban estuary using passive samplers

Hydrophobic organic contaminants (HOCs) are tracers of anthropogenic impacts, which can negatively affect water quality. The relative importance of new emissions versus the remobilization of HOCs from legacy reservoirs is not well constrained. Polyethylene passive samplers were deployed in vertical profiles at four sites to determine the concentrations and gradients of atmospheric and freely dissolved polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and freely dissolved organochlorinated pesticides (OCPs) in Narragansett Bay, an urban estuary. The concentrations of the sum of 20 PAHs ranged from 4.3 to 240 ng/m3 in the air and 3.2–21 ng/L in the water column, dominated by phenanthrene and pyrene. OCP concentrations varied from below the detection limit to 150 ng/L in the water column. Common OCPs included α-hexachlorocyclohexane, hexachlorobenzene, and aldrin. Gradients displayed net deposition for PAHs, but equilibrium through the water column. Results from this study provided evidence that key OCPs displayed mostly similar concentrations (at or near equilibrium) in the water at both Conimicut Point and Block Island

Exploring the potentials of clawbacks to check earnings management practices and enhance financial reporting quality: perceptions from the UAE

Purpose: For investors to wholeheartedly entrust their finances to the supposed executives, there is the need to set up policies to checkmate the excesses of such executives, hence clawback policy. This study aims to explore the perceptions of professionals regarding the impact of clawback provisions on earnings management (EM) and financial reporting quality in the context of the United Arab Emirates (UAE). Design/methodology/approach: The application of a qualitative approach in an EM is of great significance in this study. For convenience, perceptions of the professionals were collected through semi-structured face-to-face interviews, internet forums and telephone conversations from which the data were initially transcribed and analyzed using thematic analysis. Findings: The findings of the study indicate that clawbacks will have a significant impact on EM and financial reporting quality, and apart from this, other firm-level factors have also been supporting clawbacks. Practical implications: EM has been a widespread practice; this research may potentially assist directors and regulatory bodies to comprehend factors that should be considered to reduce it. It may also provide practical insights from professionals regarding clawbacks and their bearing on EM and the quality of financial information from an emerging economy perspective. Originality/value: A significant gap in the contemporary literature regarding the impact of clawback provisions on EM and financial reporting quality has been filed by this work, in the context of the UAE economy. Consequently, it provides a great insight into the effect of clawback in a business setting and how it can help checkmate the excesses of company executives

To compare the efficacy and safety of silodosin and dutasteride combination with alfuzosin and dutasteride combination in patients of benign prostatic hyperplasia: a randomized, open label study

Background: BPH is a major cause of bothersome lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) and affects quality of life (QoL) which deteriorates if not taken care with the passage of time. The aim and objective of the study was to compare the efficacy and safety of combination of silodosin and dutasteride with the combination of alfuzosin and dutasteride in patients of BPH.Methods: A randomized, open label, intention to treat study was carried out on newly diagnosed patients of BPH. Patients were randomly divided into two groups and followed up to 12 weeks. Group 1 of patients received a combination of silodosin 8 mg and dutasteride 0.5 mg (SD) (n=20) while the patients of group 2 received combination of alfuzosin 10 mg and dutasteride 0.5 mg (AD) (n=20). Primary endpoint was measured by changes in the mean baseline International prostate symptom score (I-PSS) and uroflowmetry and secondary outcome with changes observed on ultrasonography.Results: IPSS and IPSS-QOL significantly improved in both the treatment groups (p <0.001) along with mean maximum flow rate (Qmax) and mean average flow rate (Qavg). Prostate volume and residual urine volume showed a significant improvement in both the treatment groups at 12 weeks. However, the intergroup differences in IPSS, uroflowmetry and USG parameters were not significant. Both treatments were well tolerated.Conclusions: The current study established that both the drug combinations i.e. silodosin and dutasteride (SD) and alfuzosin and dutasteride (AD) largely have a comparable effect on both the dynamic and static components of BPH. Further, both drug combinations appear to have a comparable safety profile

Central blood pressure parameters in young adults with and without parental history of hypertension: Central BP in young with parental history of HTN

Hypertension is increasingly being found in children and adolescence. The purpose of this study was to find out differences in the central arterial (aortic) blood pressure parameters in young adults with hypertensive and normotensive parents. 109 healthy volunteers between the ages of 17 and 25 years were enrolled for the study after taking consent. Brachial artery pressures and aortic parameters were recorded using PeriScope™ which determines aortic parameters and functional vascular age non-invasively based on oscillometric method. The results of this study showed no statistically significant difference between offspring of hypertensive parents and offspring of normotensive parents