Exploring the environment, magnetic fields, and feedback effects of massive high-redshift galaxies with [CII]

Massive galaxies are expected to grow through different transformative evolutionary phases where high-redshift starburst galaxies and quasars are examples of such phases. The physical mechanisms driving these phases include companion galaxy interactions, active galactic nuclei feedback, and magnetic fields. Our aim is to characterize the physical properties and the environment of the submillimeter galaxy AzTEC-3 at z = 5.3 and the lensed quasar BRI 0952-0115 at z = 4.4, to set a limit on the polarization properties, as well as placing both in the broader context of galaxy evolution. We used full polarization, sub-arcsecond-resolution, ALMA band-7 observations of both BRI 0952-0115 and AzTEC-3 and detect [CII] line emission towards both galaxies, along with companions in each field. We present an updated gravitational lensing model for BRI 0952-0115. We present infrared luminosities, star-formation rates, and [CII] line to infrared luminosity ratios for each source. The [CII] emission line profile for both BRI 0952-0115 and AzTEC-3 exhibit a broad, complex morphology, indicating the possible presence of outflows. We present evidence of a 'gas bridge' between AzTEC-3 and a companion source. Using a simple dynamical mass estimate for the sources, we suggest that both systems are undergoing minor or major mergers. No polarization is detected for the [CII], placing an upper limit below that of theoretical predictions. Our results show that high-velocity wings are detected, indicating possible signs of massive outflows; however, the presence of companion galaxies can affect the final interpretation. Furthermore, the results provide additional evidence in support of the hypothesis that massive galaxies form in overdense regions, growing through interactions. Finally, strong, ordered magnetic fields are unlikely to exist at the kiloparsec scale in the two studied sources

Ecological Conditions and Distribution of Gemor Tree Species in Central and East Kalimantan

The aim of this study was to determine the ecological conditions and distribution of gemor bark producing tree species at Tuanan village in Kapuas District, Central Kalimantan Province and Long Daliq village in Kutai Barat, East Kalimantan Province. In order to collect adequate vegetation data, several obser vation plots were laid out by using purposive sampling. Primary and secondary data were collected from the plot areas by obser ving directly the habitat and its ecological condition of vegetation. It was revealed that the gemor tree species tended to grow well on the habitats which have a thin layer of peat (< 2 m), pH 3 – 4 and in a humid climatic condition. Two gemor bark producing tree species were identidfied in the study areas, namely Nothaphoebe coriacea (Kosterm.) Kosterm. and N. umbelliflora Blume. The similarity level of vegetation composition at both sites (Kapuas and Kutai Barat Districts) was low. The tree species richness in the plot areas of Tuanan in Kapuas District, Central Kalimantan (82 species, 57 genera and 28 families) was higher than that found in Long Daliq, Kutai Barat District, East Kalimantan (38 species, 26 genera and 19 families)

Sequential two stage release for genu valgum correction in total knee replacement

Background: Valgus deformity presents a major challenge in total knee replacement, especially in moderate or severe cases. Many surgical techniques have been described to balance the soft tissues in correction of a severe valgus deformity during total knee replacement. The structures most commonlyreleased in a valgus knee include the posterolateralaspect of the capsule, iliotibial band (IT band), the lateral collateral ligament (LCL), the popliteustendon, and the lateral head of the gastrocnemius muscle.Methods: thirty two patients undergoing unilateral total knee replacement were followed for the evaluation of study. There were 22 female (68%) and 10 males (32%) with an age of 62.7±6.9 years (range 50-75) with valgus deformity of 18.59˚±8.32˚ (range 10-40˚). Preoperative diagnosis was rheumatoid arthritis in 23 patients (72%) and osteoarthritis in 9 patients (28%). Posterior stabilizing cemented implants were used.Results: Based on total knee score we achieved 21 (63.64%) excellent, 10 (31.82%) good and 1 (4%) fair results. With the total functional score we had 16 (50%) excellent, 15 (45.45%) good and 1 (4%) fair results. In patients with only step1 release (17 patients) we achieved 84% (15 pts) excellent, 8% (1 pt) good, 8% (1 pt) fair with knee score; and 67% (11pts) excellent, 33% (6pts) good with functional score. In step 2 release group (15 pt) we achieved 10% (1 pt) excellent, 90% (14 pts) good with knee score; and 10% (1pt) excellent, 80% (13 pts) good and 10% (1 pt) fair with functional score. Conclusions: Good to excellent results can be achieved with two step sequential lateral release of posterolateral capsule and IT band pie-crusting which has direct correlation with severity of valgus deformity. The safety, simplicity, and high success rate of the two step sequential lateral release of posterolateral capsule and pie-crusting of IT band justify its routine use to correct every valgus deformity in total knee replacement

Keanekaragaman Tumbuhan Berkhasiat Obat di Taman Nasional Kutai, Kalimantan Timur

Sebagian besar (49%) dari tumbuhan obat yang teridentifikasi ada di kawasan Taman Nasional Kutai tersebut adalah berupa jenis pohon, sedangkan herba yang selama ini sudah banyak dikenal sebagai sumber utama produksi bahan obat-obatan tradisional hanya mencapai 10%. Dilihat dari bagian tumbuhan yang digunakan maka penggunaan daun merupakan yang terbanyak yakni dihasilkan oleh 53 jenis, diikuti oleh penggunaan kulit batang (37 jenis) dan akar atau umbi (35 jenis). Kegiatan sosialisasi dan pengembangan tumbuhan obat di kawasan Taman Nasional dan sekitarnya dengan melibatkan semua instansi terkait, terutama masyarakat setempat dapat merupakan satu upaya positif dalam mendukung program konservasi

CHANGES IN THE CYTOKINE STATUS WITH STABLE ANGINA

This review summarizes the current evidence on the role of cytokines in the pathogenesis of ischemic myocardial damage. It described the important role of inflammation in the development of coronary heart disease. The role of individual cytokines in the pathogenesis of coronary artery disease and the most frequent forms of it - angina. It is shown that in patients with coronary heart disease progression of the disease is due to an imbalance in cytokine system, elevated pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF, IL-1β, IL-6). Anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-4, IL-10) inhibit the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines by limiting excessive intensity of the immune response. Revealed increasing levels of TGF-β1 as a key cytokine that promotes the development of fibrosis in the wall of the heart and blood vessels. The interrelation between improving markers of inflammation and the development of coronary heart disease, the predictive value of these markers of inflammation in patients with stable coronary heart disease: angina of effort of different functional classes

DYNAMICS OF THE LEVEL OF ANTI-INFLAMMATORY CYTOKINES IN THE TREATMENT OF STABLE ANGINA II-III FUNCTIONAL CLASSES

Purpose: to assess the dynamics of the level of anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-4, IL-10) in the process of the standard treatment and the use of TES-therapy in patients with stable angina II-III functional class.Materials and Methods: the study investigated the level of anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-4, IL-10) in 60 patients with angina pectoris II-III FC on the background of standard treatment and when carrying out TES-therapy.Results: in the group of patients with angina pectoris II-III functional class on the 8 days of standard therapy were observed significant changes in the content of major anti-inflammatory cytokines IL-4 and IL-10. When added to standard treatment with TES-therapy level of the main anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-4, IL-10) for 8 days significantly decreased.Summary: the results suggest that TES-therapy allows to reduce the degree of activity of systemic inflammatory response in significantly more strokes than the standard treatment. It is therefore advisable for the inclusion of TES-therapy in the standard treatment of patients stable angina II-III functional class