9,609 research outputs found
Advanced communications payload for mobile applications
An advanced satellite payload is proposed for single hop linking of mobile terminals of all classes as well as Very Small Aperture Terminal's (VSAT's). It relies on an intensive use of communications on-board processing and beam hopping for efficient link design to maximize capacity and a large satellite antenna aperture and high satellite transmitter power to minimize the cost of the ground terminals. Intersatellite links are used to improve the link quality and for high capacity relay. Power budgets are presented for links between the satellite and mobile, VSAT, and hub terminals. Defeating the effects of shadowing and fading requires the use of differentially coherent demodulation, concatenated forward error correction coding, and interleaving, all on a single link basis
UC: a language for the connection machine
n designing parallel languages, the concern for defining a simple virtual machine must be balanced against the need to efficiently map a program on a specific architecture. UC addresses this problem by separating the programming task from efficiency considerations. UC programs are designed using a small set of constructs that include reduction, parallel assignment, and fixed-point computation. The language also provides a map section that may optionally be used by a programmer to specify data mappings for the program. The authors describe the UC constructs and their implementation on the Connection Machine. They also present measurements of the compiler for simple benchmarks
Applications of satellite technology to broadband ISDN networks
Two satellite architectures for delivering broadband integrated services digital network (B-ISDN) service are evaluated. The first is assumed integral to an existing terrestrial network, and provides complementary services such as interconnects to remote nodes as well as high-rate multicast and broadcast service. The interconnects are at a 155 Mbs rate and are shown as being met with a nonregenerative multibeam satellite having 10-1.5 degree spots. The second satellite architecture focuses on providing private B-ISDN networks as well as acting as a gateway to the public network. This is conceived as being provided by a regenerative multibeam satellite with on-board ATM (asynchronous transfer mode) processing payload. With up to 800 Mbs offered, higher satellite EIRP is required. This is accomplished with 12-0.4 degree hopping beams, covering a total of 110 dwell positions. It is estimated the space segment capital cost for architecture one would be about 250M. The net user cost is given for a variety of scenarios, but the cost for 155 Mbs services is shown to be about $15-22/minute for 25 percent system utilization
In Reply to the Letter to the Editor Regarding “Coronavirus Neurosurgical/Head and Neck Drape to Prevent Aerosolization of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): The Lenox Hill Hospital/Northwell Health Solution”
Solid-state NMR spectroscopy of functional amyloid from a fungal hydrophobin: A well-ordered β-sheet core amidst structural heterogeneity.
GrEASy fibrils: Hydrophobins are fungal proteins that assemble into an amphipathic fibrillar monolayer with amyloid properties and a hydrophobic face as water-resistant as Teflon. Solid-state NMR studies on EAS hydrophobin fibrils reveal direct evidence of a partial molecular rearrangement on assembly and an ordered β-sheet-rich core in the context of a whole protein in this functional amyloid
Scattering of positrons and electrons by alkali atoms
Absolute total scattering cross sections (Q sub T's) were measured for positrons and electrons colliding with sodium, potassium, and rubidium in the 1 to 102 eV range, using the same apparatus and experimental approach (a beam transmission technique) for both projectiles. The present results for positron-sodium and -rubidium collisions represent the first Q sub T measurements reported for these collision systems. Features which distinguish the present comparisons between positron- and electron-alkali atom Q sub T's from those for other atoms and molecules (room-temperature gases) which have been used as targets for positrons and electrons are the proximity of the corresponding positron- and electron-alkali atom Q sub T's over the entire energy range of overlap, with an indication of a merging or near-merging of the corresponding positron and electron Q sub T's near (and above) the relatively low energy of about 40 eV, and a general tendency for the positron-alkali atom Q sub T's to be higher than the corresponding electron values as the projectile energy is decreased below about 40 eV
Gravity and Large-Scale Non-local Bias
The relationship between galaxy and matter overdensities, bias, is most often
assumed to be local. This is however unstable under time evolution, we provide
proofs under several sets of assumptions. In the simplest model galaxies are
created locally and linearly biased at a single time, and subsequently move
with the matter (no velocity bias) conserving their comoving number density (no
merging). We show that, after this formation time, the bias becomes unavoidably
non-local and non-linear at large scales. We identify the non-local
gravitationally induced fields in which the galaxy overdensity can be expanded,
showing that they can be constructed out of the invariants of the deformation
tensor (Galileons). In addition, we show that this result persists if we
include an arbitrary evolution of the comoving number density of tracers. We
then include velocity bias, and show that new contributions appear, a dipole
field being the signature at second order. We test these predictions by
studying the dependence of halo overdensities in cells of fixed matter density:
measurements in simulations show that departures from the mean bias relation
are strongly correlated with the non-local gravitationally induced fields
identified by our formalism. The effects on non-local bias seen in the
simulations are most important for the most biased halos, as expected from our
predictions. The non-locality seen in the simulations is not fully captured by
assuming local bias in Lagrangian space. Accounting for these effects when
modeling galaxy bias is essential for correctly describing the dependence on
triangle shape of the galaxy bispectrum, and hence constraining cosmological
parameters and primordial non-Gaussianity. We show that using our formalism we
remove an important systematic in the determination of bias parameters from the
galaxy bispectrum, particularly for luminous galaxies. (abridged)Comment: 26 pages, 9 figures. v2: improved appendix
The Security Blanket of the Chat World: An Analytic Evaluation and a User Study of Telegram
The computer security community has advocated
widespread adoption of secure communication tools to protect
personal privacy. Several popular communication tools have
adopted end-to-end encryption (e.g., WhatsApp, iMessage), or
promoted security features as selling points (e.g., Telegram,
Signal). However, previous studies have shown that users may
not understand the security features of the tools they are using,
and may not be using them correctly. In this paper, we present a
study of Telegram using two complementary methods: (1) a labbased
user study (11 novices and 11 Telegram users), and (2) a
hybrid analytical approach combining cognitive walk-through
and heuristic evaluation to analyse Telegram’s user interface.
Participants who use Telegram feel secure because they feel
they are using a secure tool, but in reality Telegram offers
limited security benefits to most of its users. Most participants
develop a habit of using the less secure default chat mode at all
times. We also uncover several user interface design issues that
impact security, including technical jargon, inconsistent use of
terminology, and making some security features clear and others
not. For instance, use of the end-to-end-encrypted Secret Chat
mode requires both the sender and recipient be online at the same
time, and Secret Chat does not support group conversations
Access to side-chain carbon information in deuterated solids under fast MAS through non-rotor-synchronized mixing.
We demonstrate the accessibility of aliphatic 13C side chain chemical shift sets for solid-state NMR despite perdeuteration and fast MAS using isotropic, non-rotor-synchronized 13C-13C mixing. Combined with amide proton detection, we unambiguously and sensitively detect whole side chain to backbone correlations for two proteins using around 1 mg of sample
Ordered Phases of Itinerant Dzyaloshinsky-Moriya Magnets and Their Electronic Properties
A field theory appropriate for magnets that display helical order due to the
Dzyaloshinsky-Moriya mechanism, a class that includes MnSi and FeGe, is used to
derive the phase diagram in a mean-field approximation. The helical phase, the
conical phase in an external magnetic field, and recent proposals for the
structure of the A-phase and the non-Fermi-liquid region in the paramagnetic
phase are discussed. It is shown that the orientation of the helical pitch
vector along an external magnetic field within the conical phase occurs via two
distinct phase transitions. The Goldstone modes that result from the long-range
order in the various phases are determined, and their consequences for
electronic properties, in particular the specific heat, the single-particle
relaxation time, and the electrical and thermal conductivities, are derived.
Various aspects of the ferromagnetic limit, and qualitative differences between
the transport properties of helimagnets and ferromagnets, are also discussed.Comment: 22pp, 8 eps fig
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