Self-help groups challenge health care systems in the US and UK

Purpose: This research considers how self-help groups (SHGs) and self- help organizations (SHOs) contribute to consumerist trends in two different societies: United States and United Kingdom. How do the health care systems and the voluntary sectors affect the kinds of social changes that SHGs/SHOs make? Methodology/approach: A review of research on the role of SHGs/SHOs in contributing to national health social movements in the UK and US was made. Case studies of the UK and the US compare the characteristics of their health care systems and their voluntary sector. Research reviews of two community level self-help groups in each country describe the kinds of social changes they made. Findings: The research review verified that SHGs/SHOs contribute to national level health social movements for patient consumerism. The case studies showed that community level SHGs/SHOs successfully made the same social changes but on a smaller scale as the national movements, and the health care system affects the kinds of community changes made. Research limitations: A limited number of SHGs/SHOs within only two societies were studied. Additional SHGs/SHOs within a variety of societies need to be studied. Originality/value of chapter Community SHGs/SHOs are often trivialized by social scientists as just inward-oriented support groups, but this chapter shows that local groups contribute to patient consumerism and social changes but in ways that depend on the kind of health care system and societal context

Size and Albedo Constraints for (152830) Dinkinesh Using WISE Data

Probing small main-belt asteroids provides insight into their formation and evolution through multiple dynamical and collisional processes. These asteroids also overlap in size with the potentially hazardous near-Earth object population and supply the majority of these objects. The Lucy mission will perform a flyby of the small main-belt asteroid, (152830) Dinkinesh, on 2023 November 1, in preparation for its mission to the Jupiter Trojan asteroids. In this Letter, we present data to support the planning of Lucy’s imminent encounter of Dinkinesh. We employed aperture photometry on stacked frames of Dinkinesh obtained by the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer and performed thermal modeling on a detection at 12 μm to compute diameter and albedo values. Through this method, we determined Dinkinesh has an effective spherical diameter of 0.76 − 0.21 + 0.11 km and a visual geometric albedo of 0.27 − 0.06 + 0.25 at the 16th and 84th percentiles. This albedo is consistent with typical stony (S-type) asteroids. These measurements will enable the Lucy team to optimize planning for the flyby of Dinkinesh, including refinement of exposure times and flyby geometry. The data obtained from this mission will, in turn, allow us to better understand the calibration of our thermal models by providing ground truth data. The Lucy flyby presents a rare opportunity to study the smallest main-belt asteroid ever observed in situ. © 2023. The Author(s). Published by the American Astronomical Society.Open access journalThis item from the UA Faculty Publications collection is made available by the University of Arizona with support from the University of Arizona Libraries. If you have questions, please contact us at [email protected]

Exploring the asteroid belt with ion propulsion: Dawn mission history, status and plans

In this report, we describe the journey Dawn has taken in the recent past, its present status, and its future mission. The overall objective of Dawn is to explore backward in time via its observations of the primitive bodies, Vesta and Ceres. Thus Dawn embarks on three journeys. The first is its tumultuous temporal terrestrial trek during development. The second is its soon-to-be voyage in space to 4 Vesta, the second most massive asteroid in the main belt, and to 1 Ceres, the most massive. The third is its journey backward in time to infer the conditions as the solar system was formed. Finally, we discuss how it is possible to go back even further in time, beyond the horizon of the Dawn mission to obtain “pre Dawn” observations at 10 Hygiea, the fourth most massive asteroid, and one more primitive than Vesta and Ceres