87 research outputs found
Recommended from our members
Measurement of Bottom versus Charm as a Function of Transverse Momentum with Electron-Hadron Correlations in p+p Collisions at sqrt(s)=200 GeV
The momentum distribution of electrons from semi-leptonic decays of charm and
bottom for mid-rapidity |y|<0.35 in p+p collisions at sqrt(s)=200 GeV is
measured by the PHENIX experiment at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC)
over the transverse momentum range 2 < p_T < 7 GeV/c. The ratio of the yield of
electrons from bottom to that from charm is presented. The ratio is determined
using partial D/D^bar --> e^{+/-} K^{-/+} X (K unidentified) reconstruction. It
is found that the yield of electrons from bottom becomes significant above 4
GeV/c in p_T. A fixed-order-plus-next-to-leading-log (FONLL) perturbative
quantum chromodynamics (pQCD) calculation agrees with the data within the
theoretical and experimental uncertainties. The extracted total bottom
production cross section at this energy is \sigma_{b\b^bar}= 3.2
^{+1.2}_{-1.1}(stat) ^{+1.4}_{-1.3}(syst) micro b.Comment: 432 authors, 6 pages text, 3 figures. Submitted to Phys. Rev. Lett.
Plain text data tables for the points plotted in figures for this and
previous PHENIX publications are (or will be) publicly available at
http://www.phenix.bnl.gov/papers.htm
Association between DNA methylation and ADHD symptoms from birth to school age: a prospective meta-analysis
Attention-deficit and hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common childhood disorder with a substantial genetic
component. However, the extent to which epigenetic mechanisms play a role in the etiology of the disorder is
unknown. We performed epigenome-wide association studies (EWAS) within the Pregnancy And Childhood
Epigenetics (PACE) Consortium to identify DNA methylation sites associated with ADHD symptoms at two methylation
assessment periods: birth and school age. We examined associations of both DNA methylation in cord blood with
repeatedly assessed ADHD symptoms (age 4–15 years) in 2477 children from 5 cohorts and of DNA methylation at
school age with concurrent ADHD symptoms (age 7–11 years) in 2374 children from 9 cohorts, with 3 cohorts
participating at both timepoints. CpGs identified with nominal significance (p < 0.05) in either of the EWAS were
correlated between timepoints (ρ = 0.30), suggesting overlap in associations; however, top signals were very different.
At birth, we identified nine CpGs that predicted later ADHD symptoms (p < 1 × 10–7
), including ERC2 and CREB5.
Peripheral blood DNA methylation at one of these CpGs (cg01271805 in the promoter region of ERC2, which regulates
neurotransmitter release) was previously associated with brain methylation. Another (cg25520701) lies within the gene
body of CREB5, which previously was associated with neurite outgrowth and an ADHD diagnosis. In contrast, at school
age, no CpGs were associated with ADHD with p < 1 × 10−7
. In conclusion, we found evidence in this study that DNA
methylation at birth is associated with ADHD. Future studies are needed to confirm the utility of methylation variation
as biomarker and its involvement in causal pathways
The Cholecystectomy As A Day Case (CAAD) Score: A Validated Score of Preoperative Predictors of Successful Day-Case Cholecystectomy Using the CholeS Data Set
Background
Day-case surgery is associated with significant patient and cost benefits. However, only 43% of cholecystectomy patients are discharged home the same day. One hypothesis is day-case cholecystectomy rates, defined as patients discharged the same day as their operation, may be improved by better assessment of patients using standard preoperative variables.
Methods
Data were extracted from a prospectively collected data set of cholecystectomy patients from 166 UK and Irish hospitals (CholeS). Cholecystectomies performed as elective procedures were divided into main (75%) and validation (25%) data sets. Preoperative predictors were identified, and a risk score of failed day case was devised using multivariate logistic regression. Receiver operating curve analysis was used to validate the score in the validation data set.
Results
Of the 7426 elective cholecystectomies performed, 49% of these were discharged home the same day. Same-day discharge following cholecystectomy was less likely with older patients (OR 0.18, 95% CI 0.15–0.23), higher ASA scores (OR 0.19, 95% CI 0.15–0.23), complicated cholelithiasis (OR 0.38, 95% CI 0.31 to 0.48), male gender (OR 0.66, 95% CI 0.58–0.74), previous acute gallstone-related admissions (OR 0.54, 95% CI 0.48–0.60) and preoperative endoscopic intervention (OR 0.40, 95% CI 0.34–0.47). The CAAD score was developed using these variables. When applied to the validation subgroup, a CAAD score of ≤5 was associated with 80.8% successful day-case cholecystectomy compared with 19.2% associated with a CAAD score >5 (p < 0.001).
Conclusions
The CAAD score which utilises data readily available from clinic letters and electronic sources can predict same-day discharges following cholecystectomy
- …