Adaptive Multi-Rate Wavelet Method for Circuit Simulation

In this paper a new adaptive algorithm for multi-rate circuit simulation encountered in the design of RF circuits based on spline wavelets is presented. The ordinary circuit differential equations are first rewritten by a system of (multi-rate) partial differential equations (MPDEs) in order to decouple the different time scales. Second, a semi-discretization by Rothe's method of the MPDEs results in a system of differential algebraic equations DAEs with periodic boundary conditions. These boundary value problems are solved by a Galerkin discretization using spline functions. An adaptive spline grid is generated, using spline wavelets for non-uniform grids. Moreover the instantaneous frequency is chosen adaptively to guarantee a smooth envelope resulting in large time steps and therefore high run time efficiency. Numerical tests on circuits exhibiting multi-rate behavior including mixers and PLL conclude the paper

Soot formation and burnout in flames

The amount of soot formed when burning a benzene/hexane mixture in a turbulent combustor was examined. Soot concentration profiles in the same combustor for kerosene fuel are given. The chemistry of the formation of soot precursors, the nucleation, growth and subsequent burnout of soot particles, and the effect of mixing on the previous steps were considered

A Study of Silver Recovery Processes and Comparative Classification of Silver Recovery Equipment for the Graphic Arts Industry

The first objective of this investigation is to alert the graphic arts industry to important problems now facing those who use photographic materials, and to show the importance of silver recovery as an effective means of solving these current problems. Another objective of this study is to explain the several silver recovery processes so that the potential buyer of silver recovery equipment may understand exactly how each process works. This area of study would also explain where silver is to be found; how a firm can estimate its potential savings from silver recovery, and how a firm can determine the silver recovery method best suited for its particular plant. Also included in the study would be the different applications of silver recovery equipment and the advantages and disadvantages of each. The final objective of this study is to supply those firms considering the installation of silver recovery equipment with comprehensive information on many different brands and models of silver recovery equipment now available

Reliability of Semiautomated Kinetic Perimetry (SKP) and Goldmann Kinetic Perimetry in Children and Adults With Retinal Dystrophies.

PurposeTo investigate the precision of visual fields (VFs) from semiautomated kinetic perimetry (SKP) on Octopus 900 perimeters, for children and adults with inherited retinal degenerations (IRDs). Goldmann manual kinetic perimetry has long been used in the diagnosis and follow-up of these patients, but SKP is becoming increasingly common. Octopus VFs (OVFs) and Goldmann VFs (GVFs) were both mapped on two occasions.MethodsNineteen females and 10 males with IRDs were tested on OVFs and GVFs, with two targets per test (V4e and one smaller target). Tests were performed in the same (randomized) order at two visits about 1 week apart. The VFs were digitized to derive isopter solid angles. Comparisons, within and between visits, were performed with paired t-tests and Bland-Altman plots.ResultsMedian age was 20 years (range, 7-70; 10 participants aged ≤17 years old). There were no significant differences in solid angles between OVFs and GVFs (P ≥ 0.06) or between the two visits' solid angles on either perimeter (P ≥ 0.30). Between-visit test-retest variability for GVFs and OVFs was similar (P ≥ 0.73), with median values of approximately 9% to 13%. Overall variability was lower for children than adults (medians of 7.5% and 12.8%, respectively).ConclusionsOctopus SKP and Goldmann perimetry produced VFs of similar size and variability.Translational relevanceOur study indicates that SKP provides a viable alternative to traditional Goldmann perimetry in clinical trials or care involving both children and adults with IRDs

May the Guide Be With You: CA-facilitated Information Elicitation to Prevent Service Failure

Companies automate the delivery of their online services by deploying artificial intelligence-based conversational agents (CAs). However, contemporary CAs still struggle to reliably answer the full range of requests from support seekers. To avoid service failure, service delivery activities of CAs and service employees should be interconnected by a handover of requests. This form of hybrid service delivery requires support seekers to disclose relevant information so that CAs can relay them to service employees prior to an imminent failure. By integrating and extending design knowledge from two DSR projects, we derive four design principles (DPs) to prepare handovers. These DPs guided the implementation of a service script in a CA prototype to facilitate the elicitation of information from support seekers. Based on two evaluation episodes, we show that support seekers feel supported by the CA in disclosing information which results in elaborate input for subsequent processing by service employees after handover

Business aspect

This chapter discusses the business requirements of technology to be developed in support of VEs. It first describes new business directions that have come into existence in the manufacturing industry like the automotive domain. Next, it treats new criteria that have to be met by industries to become or remain successful in new market situations. Finally, new business structures are discussed that (have to) emerge as a consequence of the new directions and criteria