6 research outputs found
Not Available
Not AvailableIndia is the second largest producer of fruits and vegetables in the world next only to China. Horticulture development
is currently constrained by poor marketing arrangements. The gap between prices received by the farmers and
those paid by urban consumers is large, reflecting inefficient marketing arrangements. The huge production base offers India
immense opportunities for export.This study estimates production trends, market efficiency and export competitiveness
of vegetables in India and suggest measures to improve production, marketing and exports of Indian vegetables. The study
was conducted India as whole for production and export competitiveness and for marketing efficiency in the 8 states of
Indiacovering 20 crops. The study found that area under total vegetables cultivation is grown at the rate of 4.12% and production
growth rates was 6.48%. Indian vegetables production depicted glorious past and expected promising future. The
most common marketing channel for majority of the crops is that Producer-Wholesaler-Retailer-Consumer. The resultsfurther
showed that the producer share in consumer rupee was highest in Punjab, Tamil Nadu and Manipur compared
to Andhra Pradesh, West Bengal and Rajasthan. It varies from 46% to 74% in Andhra Pradesh, 26% to 60% in West Bengal,
33% to 60% in Rajasthan, 85% to 88% in Manipur 91% to 95% in Tamil Nadu and 100% in Punjab. The study clearly
shows that majority of the horticultural commodity markets are operating efficiently. The highest marketing efficiency
found to be producer to consumer channel. Hence, government policies should promote direct marketing models for efficient
horticultural marketing. The results showed that in most of the commodity cases marketing cost, marketing margin,
transport cost, labour charges are adversely affecting marketing efficiency and open market price, volume of the produce
handled and net price received are increasing marketing efficiency.The trends of fresh vegetables show that its export quantity
increased 18.3% and 22.2% during two periods respectively. The results show that Indian vegetables are huge potential
for exports.The results show that for all vegetables the Nominal Protection Coefficient is lessthan 1 indicating they are
competitive in the international markets. The study suggests that Indian government should give priority to vegetable production,
processing and exports.Not Availabl
Not Available
Not AvailableIndia is the second largest producer of fruits and vegetables in the world next only to China. Horticulture development is currently constrained by poor marketing arrangements. The gap between prices received by the farmers and those paid by urban consumers is large, reflecting inefficient marketing arrangements. The huge production base offers India immense opportunities for export.This study estimates production trends, market efficiency and export competitiveness of vegetables in India and suggest measures to improve production, marketing and exports of Indian vegetables. The study was conducted India as whole for production and export competitiveness and for marketing efficiency in the 8 states of Indiacovering 20 crops. The study found that area under total vegetables cultivation is grown at the rate of 4.12% and production growth rates was 6.48%. Indian vegetables production depicted glorious past and expected promising future. The most common marketing channel for majority of the crops is that Producer-Wholesaler-Retailer-Consumer. The resultsfurther showed that the producer share in consumer rupee was highest in Punjab, Tamil Nadu and Manipur compared to Andhra Pradesh, West Bengal and Rajasthan. It varies from 46% to 74% in Andhra Pradesh, 26% to 60% in West Bengal, 33% to 60% in Rajasthan, 85% to 88% in Manipur 91% to 95% in Tamil Nadu and 100% in Punjab. The study clearly shows that majority of the horticultural commodity markets are operating efficiently. The highest marketing efficiency found to be producer to consumer channel. Hence, government policies should promote direct marketing models for efficient horticultural marketing. The results showed that in most of the commodity cases marketing cost, marketing margin, transport cost, labour charges are adversely affecting marketing efficiency and open market price, volume of the produce handled and net price received are increasing marketing efficiency.The trends of fresh vegetables show that its export quantity increased 18.3% and 22.2% during two periods respectively. The results show that Indian vegetables are huge potential for exports.The results show that for all vegetables the Nominal Protection Coefficient is lessthan 1 indicating they are competitive in the international markets. The study suggests that Indian government should give priority to vegetable production, processing and exports.Not Availabl
Not Available
Not AvailableRice is the most important food crop both in value and
volume for the Asian population. Frequent drought, flood
and salinity stresses exacerbated by global climate change
adversely affect rice production in more than fifty percent
of the rice growing areas. Green revolution high yielding
varieties carrying sd1 dwarfing gene have almost fully
replaced the traditional climate resilient landraces and
varieties of rice. However, these were bred primarily for
yield under high input conditions and therefore are sensitive
to adverse climatic conditions. Hence, there is urgent need
to combine the high productivity with climate resilience.
Knowledge of rice genome and genes for tolerance to
different abiotic stresses provided us an opportunity to
transfer favorable alleles of these genes into high yielding
varieties through genomics-assisted backcross breeding
through multi-institutional networks. Six consistent
genomic regions (QTLs) for grain yield under drought;
namely qDTY1.1, qDTY2.1, qDTY2.2, qDTY3.1, qDTY3.2 and
qDTY12.1 have been transferred to flood tolerant versions
of mega varieties of rice, Swarna, Samba Mahsuri and IR 64.
To address the problem of flash flooding qSUB1 QTL has
been transferred to nine popular rice varieties, namely ADT
46, Bahadur, Ranjit, HUR 105, Sarjoo 52, Pooja, Pratikshya
MTU 1075 and Rajendra Mahsuri. Further, qSALTOL1 QTL
for seedling stage salt tolerance and qSSISFH8.1 for
reproductive stage salt tolerance have been transferred to
six popular rice varieties, ADT 45, Gayatri, MTU 1010, PR
114, Pusa 44 and Sarjoo 52. We used foreground selection
markers for the presence of desired gene/QTL and
recombinant selection markers for reduction of linkage drag
around these genes. Genotypic background selection was
done after BC3F3 stage using a 50K SNP chip on a set of 20
advance lines obtained by phenotypic selection for
closeness to the recipient parents. Near-isogenic lines
(NILs) with more than 95% similarity to the recipient parent
genome have been released and notified for commercial
cultivation and are gaining fast popularity. These climate
smart rice varieties will provide production stability in the
adverse ecologies and support farmer’s income and
livelihood.Not Availabl
From QTL to variety- Harnessing the benefits of QTLs for drought, flood and salt tolerance in mega rice varieties of India through a multi-institutional network.
Rice is a staple cereal of India cultivated in about 43.5 Mha area but with relatively low average productivity. Abiotic factors like drought, flood and salinity affect rice production adversely in more than 50% of this area. Breeding rice varieties with inbuilt tolerance to these stresses offers an economically viable and sustainable option to improve rice productivity. Availability of high quality reference genome sequence of rice, knowledge of exact position of genes/QTLs governing tolerance to abiotic stresses andavailability of DNA markers linked to these traits has opened up opportunities for breeders to transfer the favorable alleles into widely grown rice varieties through marker-assisted back cross breeding (MABB). Alarge multi-institutional project, “From QTL to variety: marker-assisted breeding of abiotic stress tolerant rice varieties with major QTLs for drought, submergence and salt tolerance” was initiated in 2010 with funding support from Department of Biotechnology, Government of India, in collaboration with Interna-tional Rice Research Institute, Philippines. The main focus of this project is to improve rice productivity inthe fragile ecosystems of eastern, northeastern and southern part of the country, which bear the brunt ofone or the other abiotic stresses frequently. Seven consistent QTLs for grain yield under drought, namely,qDTY1.1, qDTY2.1, qDTY2.2, qDTY3.1, qDTY3.2, qDTY9.1and qDTY12.1are being transferred into submergence IR64-Sub1. To address the problem of complete submergence due to flash floods in the major river basins,the Sub1 gene is being transferred into ten highly popular locally adapted rice varieties namely, ADT 39,ADT 46, Bahadur, HUR 105, MTU 1075, Pooja, Pratikshya, Rajendra Mahsuri, Ranjit, and Sarjoo 52. Further,to address the problem of soil salinity, Saltol, a major QTL for salt tolerance is being transferred into sevenpopular locally adapted rice varieties, namely, ADT 45, CR 1009, Gayatri, MTU 1010, PR 114, Pusa 44 andSarjoo 52. Genotypic background selection is being done after BC2F2stage using an in-house designed50K SNP chip on a set of twenty lines for each combination, identified with phenotypic similarity in the field to the recipient parent. Near-isogenic lines with more than 90% similarity to the recipient parentare now in advanced generation field trials. These climate smart varieties are expected to improve rice productivity in the adverse ecologies and contribute to the farmer’s livelihood