Cooling Scheme for BNL-Built LHC Magnets

Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL) will provide four types of magnets, identified as D1, D2, D3 and D4, for the Insertion Regions of the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) as part of an international collaboration. These magnets utilize the dipole coil design of the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) at BNL, for performance, reliability and cost reasons. The magnet cold mass and cryostat have been designed to ensure that these magnets meet all performance requirements in the LHC sloped tunnel using its cryogenic distribution system. D1 is a RHIC arc dipole magnet. D2 and D4 are 2-in-1 magnets, two coils in one cold mass, in a cryostat. D3 is a 1-in-1 magnet, one coil in one cold mass, with two cold masses side by side in a cryostat. D1 and D4 will be cooled by helium II at 1.9 K using a bayonet heat exchanger similar to the main cooling system of LHC. D2 and D3 will be cooled by liquid helium at 4.5 K using a Two-Feed scheme. A detailed description of the cooling scheme for these magnets, their cryostats, special features and interfaces with the LHC distribution system is given

Common data elements to standardize genomics studies in cerebral palsy

Aim To define clinical common data elements (CDEs) and a mandatory minimum data set (MDS) for genomic studies of cerebral palsy (CP). Method Candidate data elements were collated following a review of the literature and existing CDEs. An online, three-round Delphi survey was used to rate each data element as either ‘core’, ‘recommended’, ‘exploratory’, or ‘not required’. Members of the International Cerebral Palsy Genomics Consortium (ICPGC) rated the core CDEs as either mandatory or not, to form the MDS. For both the CDEs and the MDS, a data element was considered to have reached consensus if more than 75% of respondents agreed. Results Forty-six individuals from around the world formed the Delphi panel: consumers (n=2), scientists/researchers (n=17), medical (n=19), and allied health professionals (n=8). The CDEs include 107 data elements across six categories: demographics, diagnostics, family history, antenatal and neonatal details, clinical traits, and CP-specific assessments. Of these, 10 are mandatory, 42 core, 41 recommended, and 14 are exploratory. Interpretation The ICPGC CDEs provide a foundation for the standardization of phenotype data captured in CP genomic studies and will benefit international collaborations and pooling of data, particularly in rare conditions

Medium-chain triglycerides may improve memory in non-demented older adults: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials

Background: Ketosis has been exploited for its neuroprotective impact and treatment of neurological conditions via ketone production. Exogenous medium-chain triglyceride (MCT) supplementation may induce nutritional ketosis. The aim of this systematic review is to explore the effects of MCTs on memory function in older adults without cognitive impairment. Methods: A systematic literature search of PubMed, Cochrane Library, Scopus, and Web of Science was employed from inception until April 2022 for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, investigating the impact of MCT oils on components of memory. Risk of bias (RoB2) tool was utilized for quality assessment. Results: Six trials were included for qualitative synthesis, in which two studies examined the effect of MCTs through a ketogenic meal. MCT supplementation compared to controls was associated with improved indices of memory function in 4 out of 6 studies, particularly working memory. A meta-analysis was not employed due to the low number of studies, therefore, a true effect measure of MCT supplementation was not explored. Conclusions: MCT supplementation may enhance working memory in non-demented older adults. These effects may be more prominent in individuals with lower baseline scores, from short and long-term supplementation. Further studies are warranted to confirm these findings in terms of optimal dose and MCTs composition, which may protect from memory decline during aging

Medium-chain triglycerides may improve memory in non-demented older adults: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials

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Mechanical Design and Characteristics of a Superconducting Insertion Quadrupole Model Magnet for the Large Hadron Collider

A superconducting insertion quadruple is being developed by KEK in collaboration with CERN for the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) project. The mechanical design of the magnet in which the pre-stress is applied to the coil through thin stainless steel collars inside the yoke, the two halves of which are held together by means of keys, has been validated experimentally by measurements on a short model. The 140 mm long model was assembled from real magnet components in order to simulate the magnet assembly and to evaluate the change in coil pre-stress during assembly and cool-down. A new technique using capacitance pressure transducers was used, which has enabled measurements of the stress distributions in the coil with high accuracy. This paper describes the mechanical design of the quadrupole magnet and results obtained from the short mechanical model

Design Study of a Superconducting Insertion Quadrupole Magnet for the Large Hadron Collider

The conceptual design study of a high gradient super conducting insertion quadrupole magnet has been carried out in collaboration between KEK and CERN for the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) to be built at CERN. A model magnet design has been optimized to provide a nominal design field gradient of 240 T/m with a bore aperture of 70 mm and an operational field gradient of 225 T/m at 1.9 K under radiation environment with a beam energy deposit of several watts per meter in the superconducting coils. The design and its optimization process are discussed

Progress in the Development of the 1 m Model of the 70 mm Aperture Quadrupole for the LHC Low-β\beta Insertions

Within the LHC magnet development program Oxford Instruments has built a one metre model of the 70 mm aperture low-beta quadrupole. The magnet features a four layer coil wound from two 8.2 mm wide graded NbTi cables, and is designed for 250 T/m at 1.9 K. The magnet has previously been tested between 4.5 K and 2.3 K. In this paper we review the magnet rebuild and the subsequent tests. Results on magnet training at 4.3 K and 1.9 K are presented along with the results related to quench protection studies.

Study protocol for a real-world evaluation of an integrated child and family health hub for migrant and refugee women

Introduction Continuity of child and family healthcare is vital for optimal child health and development for developmentally vulnerable children. Migrant and refugee communities are often at-risk of poor health outcomes, facing barriers to health service attendance including cultural, language, limited health literacy, discrimination and unmet psychosocial needs. 'Integrated health-social care hubs' are physical hubs where health and social services are co-located, with shared referral pathways and care navigation. Aim Our study will evaluate the impact, implementation and cost-benefit of the First 2000 Days Care Connect (FDCC) integrated hub model for pregnant migrant and refugee women and their infants. Materials and methods This study has three components. Component 1 is a non-randomised controlled trial to compare the FDCC model of care with usual care. This trial will allocate eligible women to intervention and control groups based on their proximity to the Hub sites. Outcome measures include: the proportion of children attending child and family health (CFH) nurse services and completing their CFH checks to 12 months of age; improved surveillance of growth and development in children up to 12 months, post partum; improved breastfeeding rates; reduced emergency department presentations; and improved maternal well-being. These will be measured using linked medical record data and surveys. Component 2 will involve a mixed-method implementation evaluation to clarify how and why FDCC was implemented within the sites to inform future roll-out. Component 3 is a within-trial economic evaluation from a healthcare perspective to assess the cost-effectiveness of the Hubs relative to usual care and the implementation costs if Hubs were scaled and replicated. Ethics and dissemination Ethical approval was granted by the South Eastern Sydney Local Health District Human Research Ethics Committee in July 2021 (Project ID: 020/ETH03295). Results will be submitted for publication in peer-reviewed journals and presented at relevant conferences. Trial registration number ACTRN12621001088831

Development and Test Results of a low-β\beta Quadrupole Model for the Large Hadron Collider

A 1-m model of the high gradient 70 mm aperture superconducting low-b quadrupoles for the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) has been developed. A field gradient of 250 T/m at 1.9 K has been achieved with a peak field of 10 T in the coil. This paper describes development of the first model magnet and presents the test results

Quench Performance and Field Quality Measurements of the First LHC low-β\beta Quadrupole Model

As part of the LHC magnet development program, CERN in collaboration with Oxford Instruments has designed, built and tested a one metre model of a 70 mm aperture low-beta quadrupole. The magnet features a four layer coil, and is designed for 250 T/m at 1.9 K. We review the results of the magnet training and quench propagation studies performed at 4.3 K and 1.9 K, and report on the magnetic field measurements