9 research outputs found
Introduction: new research in monetary history - A map
This handbook aims to provide a comprehensive (though obviously not exhaustive) picture of state-of-the-art international scholarship on the history of money and currency. The chapters of this handbook cover a wide selection of research topics. They span chronologically from antiquity to nowadays and are geographically stretched from Latin America to Asia, although most of them focus on Western Europe and the USA, as a large part of the existing research does. The authors of these chapters constitute, we hope, a balanced sample of various generations of scholars who contributed to what Barry Eichengreen defined as "the new monetary and financial history" – an approach that combines the analysis of monetary aggregates and policies with the structure and dynamics of the banking sector and financial markets. We have structured this handbook in ten broad thematic parts: the historical origins of money; money, coinage, and the state; trade, money markets, and international currencies; money and metals; monetary experiments; Asian monetary systems; exchange rate regimes; monetary integration; central banking and monetary policy; and aggregate price shocks. In this introduction, we offer for each part some historical context, a few key insights from the literature, and a brief analytical summary of each chapter. Our aim is to draw a map that hopefully will help readers to organize their journey through this very wide and diverse research area
From Text To Screen: Portraits of Collaboration in Uranus
In this article, I explore how collaborators are portrayed in Marcel Aymé\u27s 1948 novel Uranus and Claude Berri\u27s 1990 film adaptation, with particular emphasis on analysing the differences in attitudes towards and punishments for ideological and material collaboration. Whereas Aymé\u27s version presents a bitter criticism of the post-war purges, one in which nearly every character is guilty of some form of collaboration, Berri\u27s version downplays the extent and softens the consequences of collaboration, and thus offers a less pessimistic view of France in 1945. Next, I examine Aymé\u27s \u27suspect\u27 reputation as a supporter of notorious collaborationists such as Robert Brasillach, and explore parallels between France\u27s prosecution of writers and the novel\u27s portrayal of the hunt for the collaborationist journalist Maxime Loin. Finally, I address how the novel and film demonstrate changing attitudes towards history
The evolution of monetary policy (goals and targets) in Western Europe
This chapter charts the evolution of monetary policy in the United
Kingdom, France, and Germany since the late nineteenth century. It
shows how the monetary authorities in the three largest European
economies transitioned from the classical gold standard through the gold
exchange standard and the Bretton Woods regime to European Monetary
Union, while dealing with war, reconstruction, and inflation along the
way. It outlines the changing goals of monetary policy and the targets,
instruments, and devices deployed to achieve those goals. In doing so,
it highlights the constraints within which policy makers operated under
different monetary regimes
International monetary regimes: the interwar gold exchange standard
Historical accounts of the international monetary system generally oppose the classical gold standard of 1880-1914 and its interwar successor of 1925-1931. Whilst the pre-WW1 gold standard is usually described as a paragon of international monetary and price stability, its interwar version remains associated with memories of foreign exchange market turbulence, global deflation and, of course, the Great Depression. This chapter provides an overview of the interwar gold exchange standard system. How did this system emerge in the 1920s? How was it implemented in practice? Why did it collapse in the 1930s? And what was the link between the interwar gold exchange standard and the Great Depression