Examination of distance education practices conducted during the pandemic period in the context of social studies teacher candidates' opinions: Pandemi döneminde yürütülen uzaktan eğitim uygulamalarının sosyal bilgiler öğretmen adaylarının görüşleri bağlamında incelenmesi

The purpose of this research is to deeply examine the views of social studies teacher candidates on distance education practices carried out during the pandemic period. The research was conducted with a mixed research approach that combines quantitative and qualitative research methods and approaches under one roof. In the research, firstly quantitative data was collected and analyzed, and then qualitative data was collected to obtain deeper information. As a result of the analysis of the quantitative data obtained from the research, it was determined that there was a significant difference in the opinions of teacher candidates regarding distance education practices carried out during the Pandemic period, depending on where they live. It has been determined that students living in the village have a more negative view of distance education than students living in the city center. When the differentiation of teacher candidates according to gender was examined, it was seen that male teacher candidates were more inclined to distance education than female teacher candidates. It has been determined that teacher candidates' views on distance education, are similar according to their class level, internet connection status, whether they are employed or not, and their family's income level, which are other variables of the research. When the results of the analysis of qualitative data were examined in the study, it was seen that teacher candidates stated that their views on how they maintained their motivation while continuing distance education included following the lessons regularly, not losing their awareness of the teaching profession, communicating with friends, feeling physiologically well, and similar situations. It was observed that teacher candidates stated that some of their responsibilities increased during the distance education process, and in some cases, their responsibilities decreased. It has been determined that family support, both material and moral, is generally provided to teacher candidates during the distance education process. It was determined that teacher candidates stated that there was little interaction in the classroom during this process, and that they mostly suggested activities that would keep them active in the lesson, the use of visuals and videos, and group activities in terms of methods and equipment. The research has also revealed that the distance education process has benefits independent of time and place, such as learning, research, reading, and improving learning skills. As a result of this research, teacher candidates generally stated that they preferred face-to-face education to distance education and that distance education could be used if necessary. Some teacher candidates suggested the hybrid education model as an alternative. (Extended English summary is at the end of this document) Özet Bu araştırmanın amacı, Pandemi döneminde yürütülen uzaktan eğitim uygulamalarının sosyal bilgiler öğretmen adaylarının görüşlerini derinlemesine incelemektir. Araştırma nicel ve nitel araştırma yöntem ve yaklaşımlarını tek bir çatı altında birleştiren karma araştırma yaklaşımı ile yürütülmüştür. Araştırmada öncelikle nicel veriler toplanıp analiz edilmiş sonrasında daha derin bilgilere ulaşmak için nitel veriler toplanmıştır. Araştırmanın elde edilen nicel verilerin analizi sonucunda öğretmen adaylarının Pandemi döneminde yürütülen uzaktan eğitim uygulamalarına ilişkin görüşlerinde yaşadığı yere göre anlamlı bir farklılık olduğu belirlenmiştir. Köyde yaşayan öğrencilerin kent merkezinde yaşayan öğrencilere göre uzaktan eğitime daha olumsuz baktığı belirlenmiştir. Öğretmen adaylarının cinsiyete göre farklılaşması incelendiğinde erkek öğretmen adayların kadın öğretmen adaylarına nazaran uzaktan eğitime daha yatkın olduğu görülmüştür. Araştırmanın diğer değişkenleri olan öğretmen adaylarının uzaktan eğitime ilişkin görüşleri sınıf düzeyine, internet bağlantı durumuna, bir işte çalışıp çalışmama durumlarına, ailelerinin gelir düzeyine göre benzerlik gösterdiği tespit edilmiştir. Araştırmada nitel verilerin analizi sonucu incelendiğinde öğretmen adaylarının uzaktan eğitimi sürdürürken motivasyonlarını nasıl sağladıklarına ilişkin görüşlerinde dersleri düzenli takip etmek, öğretmenlik meslek bilincini kaybetmemek ve arkadaşlarla iletişime geçmek, fizyolojik olarak iyi hissetmek vb. durumlar olduğunu belirttikleri görülmüştür. Öğretmen adaylarının uzaktan eğitim sürecinde bazı sorumluluklarında artış yaşandığını bazı durumlarda ise sorumluluklarının azaldığını ifade ettikleri görülmüştür. Uzaktan eğitim sürecinde öğretmen adaylarına genel anlamda hem maddi hem de manevi olarak aile desteğinin sağlandığı belirlenmiştir. Öğretmen adaylarının bu süreçte sınıf içi etkileşimin az olduğunu belirttikleri, yöntem ve araç-gereç olarak en çok derste onları aktif tutacak etkinliklerin yapılmasını, görsellerin ve videoların kullanılmasını, grup etkinliklerinin yapılmasını önerdikleri tespit edilmiştir. Araştırma uzaktan öğretim sürecinin zamandan ve mekândan bağımsız öğrenme, araştırma, okuma ve öğrenme becerilerini geliştirme gibi faydalarının olduğunu da ortaya koymuştur. Yapılan bu araştırma sonucunda öğretmen adayları genellikle yüz yüze eğitimi uzaktan eğitime tercih ettiklerini, zorunluluk dahilinde uzaktan eğitimin kullanılabileceğini belirtmişlerdir. Bazı öğretmen adayları ise alternatif olarak karma eğitim modelini önermişlerdir

A case study on the vicarious epitomes of the lifecycles in poems and folk songsYaşam dönemlerinin şiir ve türkülerle eşleştirilerek incelenmesine ilişkin örnek bir çalışma

Each individual is both influenced by and has an impact on his/her culture of birth. Consequently, culture describes life to a certain extent and can penetrate almost all spheresof life. In this study, poems and folks songs related to life periods and development psychology sub-branches such as childhood, adolescence, adulthood and old age and concept of death are examined connectively. In this regard, this study is first and only in its field.“Factual qualitative” data has been used in this study. Target population of the study is life periods while the sample is poems and folk songs related to subfields of life periods. The results of the research are as follows:In the physical and physiological findings, the importance of sleep in infancy with the development of the “foetus” wasremarked. What is more, together with the “binary sexuality” characteristics in puberty and the physical change and alteration, its effects on development and physiological changes in later old age were emphasized.In emotional findings, the ones belonging to “adolescence period” were remarkable. Anxieties and hesitations also came into question. In cognitive findings, it became prominent that using language, “success and competition” and “socialization” take place in late childhood. Social findings were characterized with the “game period” and friendship relations were designated in “middle age period”. In cultural findings, “working and professional” life and “spouse and marriage” issues attract notice. In the findings related to death, it was emphasized that death is a complementary factor for the life but postponing it seems beneficial. ÖzetHer birey doğduğu kültürden hem etkilenir, hem de onu etkiler. Dolayısıyla bir ölçüde de olsa yaşamı kültür betimlemekte ve yaşamın hemen hemen her alanına nüfuz edebilmektedir. Bu çalışmada yaşam dönemlerine ilişkin şiir ve türküler ile gelişim psikolojisinin alt dalları olan çocukluk, ergenlik, yetişkinlik ve yaşlılık dönemleri ve ölüm kavramı eşleştirilerek incelenmiştir. Bu tür bir çalışma alanda ilk ve tektir. Bu araştırmada, “olgusal nitelikli” verilerden yararlanılmıştır. Evren yaşam dönemleri, örneklem ise yaşam dönemlerinin alt alanlarına ait şiir ve türkü örnekleridir. Araştırmada ulaşılan sonuçlar şöyledir:Fiziksel ve fizyolojik bulgularda; “fetüs’ün” gelişmesi ile bebeklikte uykunun önemine dikkat çekilmiştir. Ayrıca “Erinlik Çağı”nda görülen “ek cinsiyet” özellikleri ile fiziksel değişim ve dönüşümün, gelişim üzerindeki etkileri ile ileri yaşlılıkta görülen fizyolojik değişimler vurgulanmaktadır.Duygusal bulgularda, “Ergenlik Dönemi”ne ait olanlar dikkat çekicidir. Ayrıca kaygı ve tereddütler de söz konusudur. Zihinsel bulgularda; dil’in kullanımı, “başarı ve yarışma” ile “sosyalleşmenin”  son çocukluk dönemi gerçekleştiği öne çıkmıştır. Sosyal bulgular; “Oyun Dönemi” ile karakterize olup; “orta yaş”ta arkadaşlık ilişkileri de belirtilmektedir. Kültürel bulgularda; Genç Yetişkinlik Dönemi “iş ve çalışma” yaşamı ile “eş ve evlilik” konusu dikkat çekmektedir. Ölüme ait bulgularda; ölümün yaşam döngüsünü tamamlayan bir unsur olduğu, ancak ötelenmesinde yarar görüldüğü vurgulanmaktadır. Bu çalışmada elde edilen bulgular ışığında alandakilere ve yeni araştırma yapacaklara bazı öneriler sunulmuştur

Sınıflandırma algoritmalarının performanslarının karşılaştırılması için özellik seçim yöntemleri üzerine bir uygulama

In this study, it is aimed to determine fewer and significant variables with the help of feature selection methods among a large number of variables in the data discussed. Feature selection methods are effective methods that have great importance in statistics in recent years and provide great convenience to researchers. Depending on the technique used in the method, different numbers of variables are included in the model, but the correct classification rates may vary. In this context, being able to express the variables in a data set with a large number of variables of interest with a high classification percentage and fewer new variables makes positive contributions to issues such as time and cost. The variables in the data set discussed in this study were firstly analyzed with different feature selection methods and new data sets were created. Afterwards, these new data sets containing different numbers of variables were analyzed with different machine learning techniques and the best machine learning technique was determined. In this study, chronic kidney disease data were handled and the variables in the data set were classified with different feature selection methods. When the results of the study are examined, the highest classification rate with 99.75% was obtained from the correlation-based feature selection method, which includes the random forest and multilayer perceptron technique, and the filter method, which includes the k-nearest neighbor technique, with the same rate. The results of the study show that the percentage of correct classification obtained from this study is higher than that of other studies, when compared with other studies using the same dataset.Bu çalışmada ele alınan bir verinde yer alan çok sayıdaki değişken arasından özellik seçim yöntemleri yardımı ile daha az sayıda ve anlamlı değişkenlerin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Özellik seçim yöntemleri son yıllarda istatistik bilimi içerisinde büyük önem arz eden etkili ve araştırmacılara büyük kolaylıklar sağlayan yöntemlerdir. Yöntem içerisinde kullanılan tekniğe bağlı olarak farklı sayıda değişkenlerin modele alınmasına sebep olmakla beraber doğru sınıflandırma oranları değişebilmektedir. Bu bağlamda ilgilenilen çok dayıda değişkene sahip bir veri seti içerisindeki değişkenlerin yüksek bir sınıflama yüzdesi ile daha az sayıda yeni değişkenle ifade edilebilmesi zaman, maliyet gibi konularda olumlu katkılar sunmaktadır. Bu çalışmada ele alınan veri setinde yer alan değişkenler öncelikle farklı özellik seçim yöntemleri ile analiz edilerek yeni veri setleri oluşturulmuştur. Daha sonra oluşturulan bu yeni ve farklı sayıda değişken içeren ver setleri, farklı makine öğrenme teknikleri ile analiz edilerek en iyi makine öğrenme tekniği belirlenmiştir. Bu çalışma kronik böbrek hastalığı verileri ele alınarak farklı özellik seçimleri yöntemleri ile veri setinde yer alan değişkenler sınıflandırılmıştır. Çalışma sonuçları incelendiğinde en yüksek sınıflandırma oranı %99.75 ile rassal orman ve çok katmanlı algılayıcı tekniğini içeren korelasyon tabanlı özellik seçimi yönteminden ve yine aynı oran ile k en yakın komşu tekniğini içeren filtre yönteminden elde edilmiştir. Çalışma sonuçları daha önceden aynı veri seti kullanılarak yapılan diğer araştırmalarla karşılaştırıldığında, bu çalışmadan elde edilen doğru sınıflama yüzdesinin diğer çalışmalardan daha yüksek olduğunu göstermektedir

Tarihi Huber Köşkü ev sahibine kavuştu

Taha Toros Arşivi, Dosya No: 53-Tarabyaİstanbul Kalkınma Ajansı (TR10/14/YEN/0033) İstanbul Development Agency (TR10/14/YEN/0033

Modeling of Electric Vehicles as A Load of the Distribution Grid

Electric vehicles (EVs) are expected to reduce carbon emissions from transportation. For this reason, many vehicle manufacturers, countries and international organizations develop their energy and transportation policies in this direction and also support them with practices. As a result of the policies implemented and developments in battery technologies, serious increases are expected in the sales of the EV sector. However, there should be sufficient charging stations for EV charging. The increase in charging stations is expected to cause some positive and negative effects on the grid. In order for electric vehicles to be more acceptable in terms of power systems, it is necessary to understand what kind of electrical character they show. In this article, EV electrical modeling is performed over a charging period by Monte Carlo Simulation using the actual charging data of some EV models charged in a single phase 7, 2 kW-240 V charger. The generated probabilistic model was validated by comparing it with real data. Thus, a reliable modeling has been presented for EV, which is a new load in power systems

Effect of insulin resistance on left ventricular structural changes in hypertensive patients

Both left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy and insulin resistance (IR) have often been demonstrated in patients with essential hypertension (EH). Insulin may exert a direct growth promoting effect on cardiomyocytes rather than affecting the LV internal diameter. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of IR on LV geometry. We enrolled 105 patients (71 females, mean age, 49.2 ± 13.6 years) with recently diagnosed and untreated hypertension (blood press > 140 and/or 90 mmHg, fasting glucose < 110 mg/dL), and grouped them as normal (N) (39 patients, 26 females, mean age, 48.5 ± 14.7 years) if all M-mode echocardiographic measurements were within normal limits, concentric remodeling (CR) (22 patients, 15 females, mean age, 50.5 ± 14.8 years) if relative wall thickness was increased but left ventricular mass index (LVMI) was normal, concentric hypertrophy (CH) (13 patients, 9 females, mean age, 50.3 ± 10.8 years) if both ventricular thicknesses and the LVMI were increased, and eccentric hypertrophy (EH) (31 patients, 21 females, mean age, 48.6 ± 12.9 years) if ventricular thicknesses were normal, but LVMI was increased. Transthoracic echocardiography was performed in all subjects, and interventricular septal thickness (IVS), posterior wall thickness (PWT), sum of wall thickness (SWT), left ventricular end-diastolic internal diameter (LVED), relative wall thickness (RWT), and LVMI were recorded. Blood samples for routine biochemical examination and fasting insulin levels were obtained and then the homeostasis model assessment (HOMA) index was calculated by the formula: HOMA Index = Fasting Blood Glucose (mg/dL) × Immunoreactive Insulin (μU/mL)/405, for the assessment of IR. There were no significant differences among the groups with respect to age, blood pressure (BP) levels, fasting blood glucose (FBG), LDL-cholesterol (LDL-C), HDL-cholesterol (HDL-C), total cholesterol (TC), or triglyceride (TG) levels. Insulin levels were significantly higher in the CR and CH groups in comparison with the N group (P = 0.004), and the HOMA index was higher in the CH group compared to the N group (P = 0.024). In Pearson's correlation analysis, insulin was found to be directly correlated with IVS (r = 0.29, P = 0.002), SWT (r = 0.25, P = 0.009), and RWT (r = 0.33, P = 0.0001). The HOMA index was also directly correlated with IVS (r = 0.33, P = 0.001), SWT (r = 0.29, P = 0.002), and RWT (r = 0.29, P = 0.003). Cardiac changes in hypertensive patients include increased LVMI and altered LV geometry. The concentric LV geometry seen in hypertensive patients might be mediated, at least in part, by increased insulin levels and the HOMA index. Copyright © 2006 by the International Heart Journal Association

Inadvertent Injection of Sodium Hypochlorite to Oral Mucosa

It is important to carefully use sodium hypochloride(NaOCI) in its clinical applications. Non-careful use of cytotoxic agents(NaOCI,etg) may cause serious complications. In this case report, a treatment approach to paresthesia and tissue necrosis after inadvertent injection of 1% NaOCl solution into oral mucosa is presented.. Pain, edema, loss of sensation, redness on the cheek, and difficulty in swallowing was seemed during the patient’s clinical examination. The patient was experiencing severe pain and a burning sensation during injection. The patient was administered intraoral drugs,such as antibiotics (amoxicillin 1000 mg two times per a day for two week),alpha lipoic acid (300 mg one times per a day for one mounth), and debridement of oral mucousa .Consequently, re-epithelialization of necrotic tissue was observed in the 3rd month. All symptoms disappeared completely in the 6th month

Identification of PDE10A related proteins via proteomic analysis

Aim: Phosphodiesterase 10A (PDE10A) regulates the expression of secondary messengers of cyclic adenosine monophosphate and cyclic guanosine monophosphate, which control several intracellular signaling pathways. Recently, deactivation of PDE10A has been a notable target for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. Herein, we identified the effects of PDE10A inhibition on protein profile using TAK-063 under physiological condi- tions in mice. Materials and Methods: In this study, 8-12 weeks old male C57BL6/J mice were divided into vehicle or 3 mg/kg TAK-063 groups. Thirty minutes after oral delivery of vehicle or TAK-063, animals were sacrificed and liquid chromatography-mass spectrome- try/mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) mediated proteomic analyses were performed from tissue samples taken from the striatum region of mice. After the LC-MS/MS analysis, identified proteins were classified based on biological activity, molecular function, and signal transduction pathways using PANTHER (protein annotation through evolutionary relationship, http://www.pantherdb.org/) program. Results: As a result of proteomic analyses, 1873 different proteins were identified. Sixty- one different proteins changed significantly depending on the administration of TAK-063. According to PANTHER classification, a significant part of the identified proteins found to be in the metabolite interconversion enzyme, transporter, and protein modifying enzyme category. The molecular function classification includes the catalytic activity, transporter activity, and binding functions. The signal transduction pathway analysis demonstrated that PDE10A affects ATP synthesis, FGF signaling, EGF receptor signaling, Huntington’s Disease, Parkinson’s Disease, pyrimidine metabolism, and ubiquitin-proteasome signal transduction pathways. Conclusion: TAK-063 mediated PDE10 deactivation is an essential target in the mech- anism of energy metabolism and neurodegenerative diseases