On Path Integral Localization and the Laplacian

We introduce a new localization principle which is a generalized canonical transformation. It unifies BRST localization, the non-abelian localization principle and a special case of the conformal Duistermaat-Heckman integration formula of Paniak, Semenoff and Szabo. The heat kernel on compact Lie groups is localized in two ways. First using a non-abelian generalization of the derivative expansion localization of Palo and Niemi and secondly using the BRST localization principle and a configuration space path integral. In addition we present some new formulas on homogeneous spaces which might be useful in a possible localization of Selberg's trace formula on locally homogeneous spaces.Comment: 30 pages LaTeX, 1 figure; published versio

Impairments, activity limitations and participation restrictions 6 and 12 months after breast cancer operation

OBJECTIVE: To describe the impairments of upper body and limbs, activity limitations and participation restrictions 6 and 12 months after operation for breast cancer and to examine the impact of impairments on activity limitations. DESIGN: A prospective survey 6 and 12 months after operation. PATIENTS: Ninety-six breast cancer patients. METHODS: A questionnaire for assessing the impairments, activity limitations and participation restrictions was developed. RESULTS: The most common impairments 6 months after operation were breast and axilla scar tightness, axilla oedema and neck-shoulder pain. At 12-month follow-up the breast scar tightness (p=0.008) and axilla oedema (p=0.023) decreased, and limb ache (p=0.005) increased significantly. The most limiting impairments were axilla oedema and limb numbness 6 months after operation, and at 12-month follow-up axilla oedema. Lifting, carrying and reaching out caused worsening of impairments to more than half of the respondents at 6-month follow-up. Regression analysis showed that many impairments together were determinants of activity limitations and sleep impairment. Participation restrictions were constant. Respondents had not given up participation in activities in the home, but some had abandoned leisure activities and felt that their work ability had decreased. CONCLUSION: Impairments and their impact on activities were frequent and constant. There is an urgent need for developing rehabilitation protocols for breast cancer patients

Uruk

no abstrac

Isin

no abstrac

Die sumerischen und akkadischen Königsinschriften der altbabylonischen Ziet, II. Babylon

no abstrac

Cut the gap – Halutun ja havaitun brändin identiteetin välisen kuilun kaventaminen suunnittelun johtamisen avulla

Today, brand values are more important to a company’s success than ever before, since customers want brands to act true to their values and beliefs. Although values and authenticity are important to the brand, thus far there hasn’t been studies about how to design tools to help to create more authentic and suitable products for a brand. This study aims to define the core and values of an established brand, as well as, finding ways to realise them. The definitions of the brand core and values are then used as a basis for a design management tool. This will be done by conducting a case study on two Finnish fine jewelry brands, Kalevala Jewelry and Lapponia. The research questions are: “How to define a brand essence of an existing brand?” and “How to create tools that helps to design products that fit the brand essence and company vision, while meeting the expectations of customers?” Theoretical background of this study comes from branding and design management studies. My research will contribute to current knowledge by providing new insights on how to align these fields together by design management tools.Brändiarvot ovat nykypäivänä tärkeämpiä yrityksen menestymiselle kuin koskaan aiemmin, sillä asiakkaat haluavat yritysten toimivan brändin arvojen ja uskomusten mukaan. Tästä huolimatta tutkimuksia siitä, kuinka luoda työkaluja, jotka auttavat suunnittelemaan brändille sopivia tuotteita, ei juurikaan ole tehty. Tämän tutkimuksen tavoitteena on määritellä vakiintuneen brändin ydin ja arvot, sekä löytää keinoja niiden esittämiseksi. Tutkimuksessani määrittelen brändin ja käytän näitä määritelmiä muotoilun johtamistyökalujen rakentamisen pohjana. Metodina käytän tapaustutkimusta, jossa tutkin kahta korubrändiä, Kalevala Korua ja Lapponiaa. Tutkimuskysymykset ovat: “Kuinka määritellä jo olemassa olevan brändin ydin?” “Kuinka tehdä työkaluja, jotka auttavat suunnittelemaan brändin ytimeen ja yrityksen visioon sopivia tuotteita, jotka myös vastaavat asiakkaiden odotuksia?” Tutkimuksen teoreettinen tausta tulee brändin ja muotoilun johtamisen akateemiselta kentältä. Tämä tutkimus tarjoaa uutta tietoa jo olemassa olevaan tutkimukseen yhdistämällä brändin ja muotoilun johtamisenkentät yhteen tekemieni muotoilun johtamistyökalujen avulla

Similarity Relations on Words: Relational Codes and Periods

Siirretty Doriast