507 research outputs found
Consumer Voices for Coverage: Advocacy Evaluation Toolkit
Offers step-by-step guidance on evaluating advocacy projects, including developing a logic model, collecting evaluation data, and using focus groups and interviews to evaluate or inform program performance. Includes surveys on RWJF's advocacy initiative
Recommended from our members
A Welsh Collection of Mendelssohniana: Letters at Aberystwyth
Evans, Todd, and Olsen review letters by great musicians held in the Hugh Owen Library of the University College of Wales, Aberystwyth
Urinary eicosanoid metabolites in HIV-infected women with central obesity switching to raltegravir: an analysis from the women, integrase, and fat accumulation trial.
Chronic inflammation is a hallmark of HIV infection. Eicosanoids reflect inflammation, oxidant stress, and vascular health and vary by sex and metabolic parameters. Raltegravir (RAL) is an HIV-1 integrase inhibitor that may have limited metabolic effects. We assessed urinary F2-isoprostanes (F2-IsoPs), prostaglandin E2 (PGE-M), prostacyclin (PGI-M), and thromboxane B2 (TxB2) in HIV-infected women switching to RAL-containing antiretroviral therapy (ART). Thirty-seven women (RAL = 17; PI/NNRTI = 20) with a median age of 43 years and BMI 32 kg/m(2) completed week 24. TxB2 increased in the RAL versus PI/NNRTI arm (+0.09 versus -0.02; P = 0.06). Baseline PGI-M was lower in the RAL arm (P = 0.005); no other between-arm cross-sectional differences were observed. In the PI/NNRTI arm, 24-week visceral adipose tissue change correlated with PGI-M (rho = 0.45; P = 0.04) and TxB2 (rho = 0.44; P = 0.005) changes, with a trend seen for PGE-M (rho = 0.41; P = 0.07). In an adjusted model, age ≥ 50 years (N = 8) was associated with increased PGE-M (P = 0.04). In this randomized trial, a switch to RAL did not significantly affect urinary eicosanoids over 24 weeks. In women continuing PI/NNRTI, increased visceral adipose tissue correlated with increased PGI-M and PGE-M. Older age (≥ 50) was associated with increased PGE-M. Relationships between aging, adiposity, ART, and eicosanoids during HIV-infection require further study
Why the adaptationist perspective must be considered: The example of morbid jealousy
Abstract: We describe Delusional Disorder-Jealous Type ("morbid jealousy") with the adaptationist perspective used by Darwinian psychiatrists and evolutionary psychologists to explain the relatively common existence and continued prevalence of mental disorders. We then apply the "harmful dysfunction" analysis to morbid jealousy, including
Adverse birth outcomes in United Republic of Tanzania--impact and prevention of maternal risk factors.
OBJECTIVE: To determine risk factors for poor birth outcome and their population attributable fractions. METHODS: 1688 women who attended for antenatal care were recruited into a prospective study of the effectiveness of syphilis screening and treatment. All women were screened and treated for syphilis and other reproductive tract infections (RTIs) during pregnancy and followed to delivery to measure the incidence of stillbirth, intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR), low birth weight (LBW) and preterm live birth. FINDINGS: At delivery, 2.7% of 1536 women experienced a stillbirth, 12% of live births were preterm and 8% were LBW. Stillbirth was independently associated with a past history of stillbirth, short maternal stature and anaemia. LBW was associated with short maternal stature, ethnicity, occupation, gravidity and maternal malaria whereas preterm birth was associated with occupation, age of sexual debut, untreated bacterial vaginosis and maternal malaria. IUGR was associated with gravidity, maternal malaria, short stature, and delivering a female infant. In the women who had been screened and treated for syphilis, in between 20 and 34% of women with each outcome was estimated to be attributable to malaria, and 63% of stillbirths were estimated as being attributable to maternal anaemia. Screening and treatment of RTIs was effective and no association was seen between treated RTIs and adverse pregnancy outcomes. CONCLUSION: Maternal malaria and anaemia continue to be significant causes of adverse pregnancy outcome in sub-Saharan Africa. Providing reproductive health services that include treatment of RTIs and prevention of malaria and maternal anaemia to reduce adverse birth outcomes remains a priority
Impaired self awareness after traumatic brain injury: inter-rater reliability and factor structure of the dysexecutive questionnairre (DEX) in patients, significant others and clinicians
Aims: This study sought to address two questions: (1) what is the inter-rater reliability
of the Dysexecutive Questionnaire (DEX) when completed by patients, their significant
others, and clinicians; and (2) does the factor structure of the DEX vary for these three
groups?
Methods: We obtained DEX ratings for 113 patients with an acquired brain injury from
two brain injury services in the UK and two services in Ireland. We gathered data from
two groups of raters—”significant others” (DEX-SO) such as partners and close family
members and “clinicians” (DEX-C), who were psychologists or rehabilitation physicians
working closely with the patient and who were able to provide an opinion about the
patient’s level of everyday executive functioning. Intra-class correlation coefficients and
their 95% confidence intervals were calculated between each of the three groups (self,
significant other, clinician). Principal axis factor (PAF) analyses were also conducted for
each of the three groups.
Results: The factor analysis revealed a consistent one-factor model for each of the
three groups of raters. However, the inter-rater reliability analyses showed a low level of
agreement between the self-ratings and the ratings of the two groups of independent
raters. We also found low agreement between the significant others and the clinicians.
Conclusion: Although there was a consistent finding of a single factor solution for each
of the three groups, the low level of agreement between significant others and clinicians
raises a question about the reliability of the DEX.</p
Impaired self awareness after traumatic brain injury: inter-rater reliability and factor structure of the dysexecutive questionnairre (DEX) in patients, significant others and clinicians
Aims: This study sought to address two questions: (1) what is the inter-rater reliability
of the Dysexecutive Questionnaire (DEX) when completed by patients, their significant
others, and clinicians; and (2) does the factor structure of the DEX vary for these three
groups?
Methods: We obtained DEX ratings for 113 patients with an acquired brain injury from
two brain injury services in the UK and two services in Ireland. We gathered data from
two groups of raters—”significant others” (DEX-SO) such as partners and close family
members and “clinicians” (DEX-C), who were psychologists or rehabilitation physicians
working closely with the patient and who were able to provide an opinion about the
patient’s level of everyday executive functioning. Intra-class correlation coefficients and
their 95% confidence intervals were calculated between each of the three groups (self,
significant other, clinician). Principal axis factor (PAF) analyses were also conducted for
each of the three groups.
Results: The factor analysis revealed a consistent one-factor model for each of the
three groups of raters. However, the inter-rater reliability analyses showed a low level of
agreement between the self-ratings and the ratings of the two groups of independent
raters. We also found low agreement between the significant others and the clinicians.
Conclusion: Although there was a consistent finding of a single factor solution for each
of the three groups, the low level of agreement between significant others and clinicians
raises a question about the reliability of the DEX.</p
Urinary Eicosanoid Metabolites in HIV-Infected Women with Central Obesity Switching to Raltegravir: An Analysis from the Women, Integrase, and Fat Accumulation Trial
Chronic inflammation is a hallmark of HIV infection. Eicosanoids reflect inflammation, oxidant stress, and vascular health and vary by sex and metabolic parameters. Raltegravir (RAL) is an HIV-1 integrase inhibitor that may have limited metabolic effects. We assessed urinary F2-isoprostanes (F2-IsoPs), prostaglandin E2 (PGE-M), prostacyclin (PGI-M), and thromboxane B2 (TxB2) in HIV-infected women switching to RAL-containing antiretroviral therapy (ART). Thirty-seven women (RAL = 17; PI/NNRTI = 20) with a median age of 43 years and BMI 32 kg/m2 completed week 24. TxB2 increased in the RAL versus PI/NNRTI arm (+0.09 versus −0.02; P=0.06). Baseline PGI-M was lower in the RAL arm (P=0.005); no other between-arm cross-sectional differences were observed. In the PI/NNRTI arm, 24-week visceral adipose tissue change correlated with PGI-M (rho=0.45; P=0.04) and TxB2 (rho=0.44; P=0.005) changes, with a trend seen for PGE-M (rho=0.41; P=0.07). In an adjusted model, age ≥ 50 years (N=8) was associated with increased PGE-M (P=0.04). In this randomized trial, a switch to RAL did not significantly affect urinary eicosanoids over 24 weeks. In women continuing PI/NNRTI, increased visceral adipose tissue correlated with increased PGI-M and PGE-M. Older age (≥50) was associated with increased PGE-M. Relationships between aging, adiposity, ART, and eicosanoids during HIV-infection require further study
The Grizzly, March 25, 1986
The Day U.C. Shut Down • R.A. Selections Underway • Suggestions Being Taken for Forum Topics • Letter: Proud Parents Commend U.C.\u27s Talent • Learn to Swim • New Course for Lifeguards • BreMiller\u27s Diversified Interests • What are You Doing After Graduation? • Matthews an NEH Grant Recipient • Briefs: USGA Represented at Leadership Conference; Ray Bunt Honored at Luncheon; Science Fair in Helfferich; Senior Symposium Topics; Women\u27s Track • Men\u27s Lacrosse Club Starts New Season • Bears Even Record • Lady Bears Look to Win it all • Women\u27s Lacrosse to Begin • Gymnasts Deserted by Coach Morrison • A Reminiscent Backflip • Woody\u27s Hannah a Hit • Equipment Donatedhttps://digitalcommons.ursinus.edu/grizzlynews/1161/thumbnail.jp
Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of Four Simulated Colorectal Cancer Screening Interventions, North Carolina
Colorectal cancer (CRC) screening rates are suboptimal, particularly among the uninsured and the under-insured and among rural and African American populations. Little guidance is available for state-level decision makers to use to prioritize investment in evidence-based interventions to improve their population’s health. The objective of this study was to demonstrate use of a simulation model that incorporates synthetic census data and claims-based statistical models to project screening behavior in North Carolina
- …