An Analysis of the Real, as Reflected in Conrad\u27s Heart of Darkness

Heart of Darkness, as a framed narrative, questions perception and authenticity. It is difficult to discern Marlow\u27s individual voice, for it is buried within a layering of narration. Critics ascribe the words of the text to Marlow, claiming he is the one who, in Achebe\u27s words, dehumanizes Africans. Yet, the quotation marks suggest otherwise. Perception is relevant to an analysis of Heart of Darkness, for it is unclear whose point of view constructs the text, that of Kurtz, Marlow, or the frame narrator. Since the narrative is likely composed of multiple perspectives, it is difficult to determine whose reality it reveals. Marlow questions reality and whether it is feasible to convey one\u27s own life-sensations to another, as does Louis Althusser. Althusser discusses the difference between ideologically determined truth and authentic reality. Modernist writers, such as Eliot and Woolf, seem to agree with Althusser on how it is through great art that one might convey his own lived experiences to another. Marlow attempts to express his reality through his own art, or the story he creates about his time in the Congo. In the text, Marlow claims his goal is to allow others to see him interestingly, Althusser claims real art allows for one to see, perceive, and feel another\u27s reality. Critics state Marlow is searching for a sense of self in the Congo however, it seems Marlow actually hopes to find the real, in Althusser\u27s sense. While Marlow might glimpse the real in Africa, he seems disappointed to find reality is something he cannot have in the Western world. In fact, Marlow finds the truth of reality in Africa . . . that it is unreal. Marlow is an always already subject without an authentic voice, which seems to be what he finds horrifyin

Exploring the Variation in First Year Undergraduates\u27 Induction into Their Academic Disciplines

This study explored qualitative variation in first year undergraduates’ induction into the discipline in four dimensions: (1) induction into disciplinary knowledge, (2) induction into disciplinary research, (3) integration of learning from different courses, and (4) induction into disciplinary skills. Data were drawn from focus groups with students from different disciplines at a university in Hong Kong. Phenomenographic analysis identified four categories about induction into disciplinary knowledge and disciplinary research, and three categories regarding integration of learning. The categories were described in terms of the referential (aspects of the dimension discerned by students) and structural components (how students explained the aspects). A comparison of the categories revealed a hierarchical relationship among them. Content analysis showed cognitive skills, professional skills and study skills to be the important disciplinary skills for the students. Students’ varying conceptions of problem-solving and critical thinking skills implied qualitative differences in understanding about the nature of disciplinary problems

A client follow-up study of Catholic Family Service Bureau of Windsor.

Paper copy at Leddy Library: Theses & Major Papers - Basement, West Bldg. / Call Number: Thesis1979 .H969. Source: Masters Abstracts International, Volume: 40-07, page: . Thesis (M.S.W.)--University of Windsor (Canada), 1979

Post(racial)-Malone: (Un)conscious Habits of White Iverson

This phenomenological qualitative study explored the gender performativity of protest masculinity in a multi-institutional study of white male-identified fraternity men. The participants expressed sentiments of dispossession, postracial attitudes, and performed cultural appropriation. Participants appropriated Black culture because they considered this synonymous with their own lack of power and privilege, which they believe has been dispossessed. Implications are provided to suggest how campus-based professionals can further disrupt the (un) conscious habits of whiteness in fraternity men and forms of white supremacy through collaborative programming and campus-wide efforts

The impact of singing styles on tension in the adolescent voice

"The purpose of this study was to determine whether various singing styles are potentially harmful to adolescent vocal mechanisms and whether they place excessive strain on the musculature of the neck area. Conducting a study examining the adolescent vocal folds in motion while singing in varying styles may answer questions as to whether early vocal fold damage begins in adolescence and which singing style may cause the highest level of muscular tension. The three styles of music used for this study consisted of classical choral, gospel and musical theater. A combination of twenty students from both middle and high school grade levels served as subjects. Thirteen females and seven males comprised the sample of this study, ranging in age from 11 to 17 years. Using a KayPentax Stroboscopy System, laryngeal imaging was performed on each subject as they sang in all three styles of music. Laryngeal imaging showed muscular tension was greatest while singing in the musical theater style, followed by gospel and classical choral music styles. A perceptual study also was performed using a cassette tape recording made during laryngeal imaging. Evaluators indicated there were no significant differences among the three vocal styles in perceived vocal tension (p > .05). Results of a survey administered to the students revealed detrimental health issues, such as yelling, existed pertinent to vocal and general health maintenance."--Abstract from author supplied metadata

Differential effects of Th1, monocyte/macrophage and Th2 cytokine mixtures on early gene expression for glial and neural-related molecules in central nervous system mixed glial cell cultures: neurotrophins, growth factors and structural proteins

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>In multiple sclerosis, inflammatory cells are found in both active and chronic lesions, and it is increasingly clear that cytokines are involved directly and indirectly in both formation and inhibition of lesions. We propose that cytokine mixtures typical of Th1 or Th2 lymphocytes, or monocyte/macrophages each induce unique molecular changes in glial cells.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>To examine changes in gene expression that might occur in glial cells exposed to the secreted products of immune cells, we have used gene array analysis to assess the early effects of different cytokine mixtures on mixed CNS glia in culture. We compared the effects of cytokines typical of Th1 and Th2 lymphocytes and monocyte/macrophages (M/M) on CNS glia after 6 hours of treatment.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>In this paper we focus on changes with potential relevance for neuroprotection and axon/glial interactions. Each mixture of cytokines induced a unique pattern of changes in genes for neurotrophins, growth and maturation factors and related receptors; most notably an alternatively spliced form of trkC was markedly downregulated by Th1 and M/M cytokines, while Th2 cytokines upregulated BDNF. Genes for molecules of potential importance in axon/glial interactions, including cell adhesion molecules, connexins, and some molecules traditionally associated with neurons showed significant changes, while no genes for myelin-associated genes were regulated at this early time point. Unexpectedly, changes occurred in several genes for proteins initially associated with retina, cancer or bone development, and not previously reported in glial cells.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Each of the three cytokine mixtures induced specific changes in gene expression that could be altered by pharmacologic strategies to promote protection of the central nervous system.</p

Differential effects of Th1, monocyte/macrophage and Th2 cytokine mixtures on early gene expression for molecules associated with metabolism, signaling and regulation in central nervous system mixed glial cell cultures

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Cytokines secreted by immune cells and activated glia play central roles in both the pathogenesis of and protection from damage to the central nervous system (CNS) in multiple sclerosis (MS).</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>We have used gene array analysis to identify the initial direct effects of cytokines on CNS glia by comparing changes in early gene expression in CNS glial cultures treated for 6 hours with cytokines typical of those secreted by Th1 and Th2 lymphocytes and monocyte/macrophages (M/M).</p> <p>Results</p> <p>In two previous papers, we summarized effects of these cytokines on immune-related molecules, and on neural and glial related proteins, including neurotrophins, growth factors and structural proteins. In this paper, we present the effects of the cytokines on molecules involved in metabolism, signaling and regulatory mechanisms in CNS glia. Many of the changes in gene expression were similar to those seen in ischemic preconditioning and in early inflammatory lesions in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), related to ion homeostasis, mitochondrial function, neurotransmission, vitamin D metabolism and a variety of transcription factors and signaling pathways. Among the most prominent changes, all three cytokine mixtures markedly downregulated the dopamine D3 receptor, while Th1 and Th2 cytokines downregulated neuropeptide Y receptor 5. An unexpected finding was the large number of changes related to lipid metabolism, including several suggesting a switch from diacylglycerol to phosphatidyl inositol mediated signaling pathways. Using QRT-PCR we validated the results for regulation of genes for iNOS, arginase and P glycoprotein/multi-drug resistance protein 1 (MDR1) seen at 6 hours with microarray.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Each of the three cytokine mixtures differentially regulated gene expression related to metabolism and signaling that may play roles in the pathogenesis of MS, most notably with regard to mitochondrial function and neurotransmitter signaling in glia.</p

The Iowa Homemaker vol.26, no.3

Keeping Up With Today, Joyce Edgar, page 2 Letter to Freshmen, A Senior, page 3 Manners – The You That Shows, Joan Kilty, page 4 Reflect Personalities in College Homes, Irene Meyer, page 5 Reason Your Writing, June Welch, page 6 Diaries Offer Activity Tips to Freshmen, Shirliann Forimann, page 7 What’s New in Home Economics, Marjorie Clampitt, page 8 Vicky Dresses for School, Breta Soldat, page 10 Why Freshmen Gain Weight, Nancy Baker, page 13 Iowa State Seniors Break into Print, Beverly Sieg, page 14 Homemakers Relax With Cookbooks, Helen Hochriem, page 17 Graduate Designs Greeting Cards, Carita Girton, page 19 Alums in the News, Goldie Rouse, page 2

The Iowa Homemaker vol.31, no.2

Healthier Children, Marjorie Miller, page 3 Your Phone Is Rining, Alane Baird, page 4 Dinnertime, Joyce Graber, page 5 Keep Cool, Doris Jean Coxon, page 6 Summer Work Calendar, Nancy Voss, page 7 Here’s an Idea, Darleen Bornschein, Jean McGhie, page 8 Scientific Suds, Beverly Gould, page 10 Eggs With a Soapy Taste, Miriam Newhouse, page 12 What’s New, Constance Cornwell, Harriet LaRue, page 14 Trends, Ruth Anderson, page 1

The Iowa Homemaker vol.26, no.7

Five-Pound Party Planning, Ruth Hackett, page 2 Homemaking Under the Round Roof, Shirliann Fortmann, page 3 Home Economists Look to New Horizons, Katherine Goeppinger, page 4 Graduate Studies Solve Research Questions, Marjorie Clampitt, page 5 Headlines Challenge Home Economists, Eloise Davison, page 6 Both Sides of the Pacific, Margaret Waterland, page 7 Wardrobe Accompaniments Chase Winter Blues, Jean Bunge, page 8 Home Economics Journeys from Iowa State to China, Jean Ory, page 9 What’s New, Marjorie Clampitt, page 10 Shoe Care Means Longer Wear, Charlene Stettler, page 11 Counselling Homemakers is Fun, Sue Marie Schreiber, page 12 Glamour is Her Business, Mary Margaret Ryan, page 13 Notions for Campus and Home, Margaret Buswell, page 14 ’46 Graduate Combines College and Career, Beverly Seig, page 15 Keeping Up With Today, Joyce Edgar, page 1