Neurath, Passeron, and protocol sentences in sociology

The central aim of this paper is to explain how protocol sentences establish a specific space for scientific discussion at the level of observation in the social sciences. In this space, the four levels of the theory of protocol sentences work as a coordinate system that allows to specify the degree of quality of data production. To do so, we elaborate upon Jean-Claude Passeron’s epistemology by combining it with Otto Neurath’s theory of protocol sentences. We start by discussing Passeron’s interpretation of Neurath’s work in Le raissonnement sociologique and then present Neurath’s theory, following Thomas Uebel’s interpretation, with the purpose of developing the potential of Passeron’s epistemology in this regard

In-channel managed aquifer recharge: a review of current development worldwide and future potential in Europe

Managed aquifer recharge (MAR) schemes often employ in-channel modifications to capture flow from ephemeral streams, and increase recharge to the underlying aquifer. This review collates data from 79 recharge dams across the world and presents a reanalysis of their properties and success factors, with the intent of assessing the potential of applying these techniques in Europe. This review also presents a narrative review of sand storage dams, and other in-channel modifications, such as natural flood management measures, which contribute to the retardation of the flow of flood water and enhance recharge. The review concludes that in-channelMARsolutions can increase water availability and improve groundwater quality to solve problems a ecting aquifers in hydraulic connection with temporary streams in Europe, based on experiences in other parts of the world. Therefore, to meet the requirements of the Water Framework Directive (WFD), in-channel MAR can be considered as a measure to mitigate groundwater problems including saline intrusion, remediating groundwater deficits, or solving aquifer water quality issues.European Union (EU) 814066info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Metal-Catalyzed annulations through activation and cleavage of C−H bonds

NOTICE: This is the peer reviewed version of the following article: Moisés Gulías* and José L. Mascareñas* (2016), Metal-Catalyzed Annulations through Activation and Cleavage of C-H Bonds. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 55, 11000-11019 [doi:10.1002/anie.201511567 (International Edition), 10.1002/ange.201511567 (German Edition)]. This article may be used for noncommercial purposes in accordance with Wiley Terms and Conditions for self-archivingThe exponential increase in the number of catalytic transformations that involve a metal-promoted activation of hitherto considered inert C−H bonds is promoting a fundamental change in the field of synthetic chemistry. Although most reactions involving C−H activations consist of simple functionalizations or additions, recent years have witnessed an upsurge in related transformations that can be formally considered as cycloaddition processes. These transformations are particularly appealing from a synthetic perspective because they allow the conversion of readily available substrates into highly valuable cyclic products in a rapid and sustainable manner. In many cases, these annulations involve the formation of metallacyclic intermediates that resemble those proposed for standard metal-catalyzed cycloadditions of unsaturated precursorsSpanish MINECO. Grant Number: SAF2013-41943-R. ERDF. European Research Council. Grant Number: 340055. Xunta de Galicia. Grant Numbers: GRC2013-041, 2015-CP082S

¿Existe un modelo para las revoluciones simbólicas? La teoría de Bourdieu en Manet y una comparación con un estudio de caso: la Generación del 14 en España

The courses that Bourdieu dedicates to Manet help to better understand the link between cultural production, political position and social trajectory. Nevertheless, Bourdieu does not always fully clarify his position. In this article, first we will clarify what Bourdieu considers to be a model for symbolic revolutions. To do so, Manet's courses are revisited and their links with Bourdieu’s work in general and, more specifically, with his sociology of philosophy are made explicit. After that, we will examine Bourdieu's assertions about scholasticism or academicism in the sociology of culture, its importance in symbolic revolutions, and how his proposal encourages a specific view on the history of cultural productions, especially the philosophical ones. Then, Bourdieu's model of symbolic revolution will be tested by comparing it with a study with statistical treatment of data in a different and significant historical context: the Generation of ‘14 in Spain. Finally, we will propose some nuances and developments to Bourdieu's model based on the conclusions of that study.Los cursos que Bourdieu dedica a Manet ayudan a comprender mejor el vínculo entre producción cultural, posición política y trayectoria social. Pese a todo, Bourdieu no siempre clarifica completamente su posición. En este artículo, en primer lugar, aclararemos cuál es el modelo de revolución simbólica según Bourdieu. Para ello, releeremos los cursos sobre Manet y sus vínculos con la obra de Bourdieu en general y, más específicamente, con su sociología de la filosofía. En segundo lugar, examinaremos lo que Bourdieu entiende por escolasticismo o academicismo en la sociología de la cultura, su importancia en las revoluciones simbólicas y cómo su propuesta anima una mirada específica sobre la historia de las producciones culturales, señaladamente las filosóficas. Después, compararemos el modelo de revolución simbólica de Bourdieu con un estudio que incluye tratamiento estadístico de datos procedentes de un contexto histórico diferente: la Generación del 14 en España. Por último, propondremos algunos matices y desarrollos al modelo de Bourdieu, basándonos en las conclusiones de dicho estudio.(PID2020-117413GA-I00) (PID2019- 109764RB-I00

Cognitive, Affective and Contextual Predictors of Subjective Well-Being

The article analyses the prediction power of cognitive, affective and contextual factors on Subjective Well-Being (SWB). Several measures of SWB are used in order to analyse its different predictors. A sample of 303 adult students was collected and reassessed in a 2 month interval. Instruments: Global Subjective Well-Being; Satisfaction with Life in Domains; Positive and Negative State Affect; Positive and Negative Trait Affect; Standards of Comparison; Depression, Anxiety and Stress; Life Events; Socio-Demographic Variables. Results show that Global SWB is predicted by Satisfaction with Life in Domains, followed by Positive and Negative State Affect. The cognitive dimension of SWB is mainly predicted by Depression, followed by Comparison Standards and several contextual variables. The affective dimension of SWB is mainly predicted by affective trait variables and also by Depression and Anxiety. Results stress the importance of analysing separately the different components of SWB (cognitive, affective) because each shows different predictors. In the predictors of SWB in a two month interval, we observe a reduction of the prediction power of state affective variables and of the contextual variables, as well as an increase of the prediction power of the trait affective and cognitive variables

Localization and navigation of an omnidirectional mobile robot: the robot@factory case study

The Robot@Factory competition was recently included in Robotica, the main Portuguese Robotics Competition. This robot competition takes place in an emulated factory plant, where Automatic Guided Vehicles (AGVs) must cooperate to perform tasks. To accomplish their goals, the AGVs must deal with localization, navigation, scheduling and cooperation problems that must be solved autonomously. This robot competition can play an important role in education due to its inherent multidisciplinary approach, which can motivate students to bridge different technological areas. It can also play an important role in research and development, because it is expected that its outcomes will later be transferred to real-world problems in manufacturing or service robots. By presenting a scaled-down factory shop floor, this competition creates a benchmark that can be used to compare different approaches to the challenges that arise in this kind of environments. The ability to alter the environment, in some restricted areas, can usually promote the test and evaluation of different localization mechanisms, which is not possible in other competitions. This paper presents one of the possible approaches to build a robot capable of entering this competition. It can be used as a reference to current and new teams.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Plurality Voting: the statistical laws of democracy in Brazil

We explore the statistical laws behind the plurality voting system by investigating the election results for mayor held in Brazil in 2004. Our analysis indicate that the vote partition among mayor candidates of the same city tends to be "polarized" between two candidates, a phenomenon that can be closely described by means of a simple fragmentation model. Complex concepts like "government continuity" and "useful vote" can be identified and even statistically quantified through our approach.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figure

Effect of oxidizing concentration on the corrosion resistance of the cerium conversion coating on galvanized steel

Ce-based conversion films have been assessed as alternatives for replacement of Cr6+-based films,which have been forbidden for their toxicity and carcinogenic properties. However, corrosion protection associated with chromate films is difficult to achieve by other surface treatments. Experimental results have revealed that to obtain the highly satisfactory results provided by chromate-based conversion coatings, it is necessary to improve the anticorrosive properties of the new chromium-free coatings. The present work deals with the effect of the oxidant concentration in the cerium-based conversion baths on the corrosion resistance of the films deposited on galvanized steel. Electrogalvanized steel sheets were exposed to cerium chloride-based baths with different concentrations of oxidant for a minute. The surface of the treated samples was analyzed by XPS and SEM-EDXS, while its corrosion resistance was investigated using electrochemical tests (EIS) conducted in a 0.05 M NaCl solution and the impedance spectra evolution analyzed as a function of the exposure time. The results showed a direct relationship between oxidant concentration and corrosion resistance. When the oxidant concentration rose from2mL.L-1 to 12mL.L-1, the corrosion resistance increased about 5 times, and this was attributed to the decrease in the Ce3+/Ce4+ relationship of the conversion film.Fil: Culcasi, José Daniel. Universidad Nacional de La Plata; ArgentinaFil: Elsner, Cecilia Ines. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Centro de Investigaciones Ópticas. Provincia de Buenos Aires. Gobernación. Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas. Centro de Investigaciones Ópticas. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Centro de Investigaciones Ópticas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de La Plata; ArgentinaFil: Di Sarli, Alejandro Ramón. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Centro de Investigaciones Ópticas. Provincia de Buenos Aires. Gobernación. Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas. Centro de Investigaciones Ópticas. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Centro de Investigaciones Ópticas; ArgentinaFil: Palomino, Luis. Universidade de Sao Paulo; BrasilFil: Tomachuk, Celia Regina. Instituto de Investigaciones Energéticas y Nucleares. San Pablo; BrasilFil: Costa, Ilda. Instituto de Investigaciones Energéticas y Nucleares. San Pablo; Brasi