ASPECTOS DA PRODUÇÃO DE CANA-DE-AÇÚCAR EM PROPRIEDADES RURAIS DO MUNICÍPIO DE MORRETES, PR

This work had as objective to identify the profile of the sugar-cane production in the municipal district of Morretes through the collection of data in ten properties sampled. In Morretes the main purpose of the sugar-cane is the production of the fire-water, being like this, a questionnaire was applied to the producers through interviews during the months of November and December of 2006 to identify the producers and the techniques used in the cultivation of the cane, as well as the aptitude of each producer, characterizing like this the profile of the sugar-cane production. Among the appraised producers were observed that there is the prevalence of small areas with the cultivation of the sugar-cane due to the difficulty of control of the harmful plants and maintenance of the sugar-cane with the crop and fertilization. The fertilization is accomplished mainly through the use of input of vegetable source or animal manure, not using chemical fertilizers. With relationship to the labor an absence of the children of producers exists acting as enterprising and innovative in the cultivation activity and processing of the sugar-cane in the municipal district.Este trabalho teve como objetivo identificar o perfil da produção de cana-de-açúcar no município de Morretes através da coleta de dados em dez propriedades amostradas. Em Morretes a principal finalidade da cana-de-açúcar é a produção da cachaça, sendo assim, foi aplicado um questionário aos produtores através de entrevistas durante os meses de novembro e dezembro de 2006 para identificar os produtores e as técnicas utilizadas no cultivo da cana, bem como o perfil e a aptidão de cada produtor, caracterizando assim o perfil da produção de cana-de-açúcar. Dentre os produtores avaliados observou-se que há o predomínio de pequenas áreas com o cultivo da cana-de-açúcar devido à dificuldade de controle das plantas daninhas e manutenção do canavial com a colheita e adubação. A adubação é realizada principalmente através da utilização de insumos de fonte vegetal ou esterco animal, não utilizando adubos químicos na maioria das propriedades. Com relação à mão-de-obra existe uma ausência dos filhos de produtores atuando como empreendedores e inovadores na atividade de cultivo e processamento da cana-de-açúcar

O SISTEMA RADICULAR DA VARIEDADE RB855536 DE CANA-DE-AÇÚCAR NO PLANTIO EM MINITOLETE E TOLETE

This work aimed to study the sugarcane root development in two different planting systems: using one bud setts and three buds setts. The experiment took place in Estação Experimental de Paranavaí, county of Paranavaí-PR, Agricultural Science Sector, Federal University of Paraná during the period of June 27th 2000 until July 10th 2001. The delineation was design as random blocks, with two ways of planting. Evaluation was performed 9 times during the 378 days cycle. The way and the depth of planting did not alter the length and diameter of the root system. In the two ways of planting it was verified that the variables specific surface and root system volume in the 00-20 cm depth were significantly higher. In the one bud setts system, it was observed a priority of root growth in length, a characteristic that can be important to drought conditions.Este trabalho teve como objetivo estudar o desenvolvimento radicular de cana-de-açúcar em dois sistemas de plantio, minitolete e tolete. O experimento foi realizado na Estação Experimental de Paranavaí, no município de Paranavaí-PR, Setor de Ciências Agrárias, Universidade Federal do Paraná, no período de 27 de junho de 2000 a 10 de julho de 2001. Foi utilizado delineamento em blocos ao acaso, com duas formas de plantio. Foram 9 épocas de avaliações durante o ciclo de 378 dias. A forma de plantio e a profundidade de amostragem não alteraram o comprimento e diâmetro radicular. Nos dois sistemas de plantio verificou-se que as variáveis superfície específica e volume radicular na camada 00-20 cm foram significativamente superiores. No sistema de plantio em minitolete, houve prioridade no crescimento radicular em profundidade, podendo ser uma característica importante para o desenvolvimento em condições de restrição hídrica

Reducing the environmental impact of surgery on a global scale: systematic review and co-prioritization with healthcare workers in 132 countries

Abstract Background Healthcare cannot achieve net-zero carbon without addressing operating theatres. The aim of this study was to prioritize feasible interventions to reduce the environmental impact of operating theatres. Methods This study adopted a four-phase Delphi consensus co-prioritization methodology. In phase 1, a systematic review of published interventions and global consultation of perioperative healthcare professionals were used to longlist interventions. In phase 2, iterative thematic analysis consolidated comparable interventions into a shortlist. In phase 3, the shortlist was co-prioritized based on patient and clinician views on acceptability, feasibility, and safety. In phase 4, ranked lists of interventions were presented by their relevance to high-income countries and low–middle-income countries. Results In phase 1, 43 interventions were identified, which had low uptake in practice according to 3042 professionals globally. In phase 2, a shortlist of 15 intervention domains was generated. In phase 3, interventions were deemed acceptable for more than 90 per cent of patients except for reducing general anaesthesia (84 per cent) and re-sterilization of ‘single-use’ consumables (86 per cent). In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for high-income countries were: introducing recycling; reducing use of anaesthetic gases; and appropriate clinical waste processing. In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for low–middle-income countries were: introducing reusable surgical devices; reducing use of consumables; and reducing the use of general anaesthesia. Conclusion This is a step toward environmentally sustainable operating environments with actionable interventions applicable to both high– and low–middle–income countries