Validation of the diabetic phenotype of SDT rats.

<p>Changes in body weight (<b>A</b>) and blood glucose levels (<b>B</b>) in SD and SDT rats. □: SD/control, ■: SD/ZOL, ○: SDT/control, ●: SDT/ZOL. Data are expressed as means ± SD (n = 6). *<i>p</i><0.005 versus SD/control. Macroscopic opacity of the lens observed at approximately 32 weeks of age in SDT rats (<b>C</b>).</p

Macroscopic view of extraction sockets in SD/control (A-C), SD/ZOL (D-F), SDT/control (G-I), and SDT/ZOL (J-L) rats.

<p>Two representative specimens are shown. Normal healing after molar extraction was observed in SD/control (<b>A</b>) and SD/ZOL (<b>D</b>) rats by 2 weeks after extraction. Extraction sockets in both groups were covered with intact epithelium at 4 weeks (<b>B, E</b>) after extraction and at 8 weeks (<b>C, F</b>) after extraction. Apparent mucosal disruption with exposed bone (arrows) was seen at the extraction site at 2 (<b>G</b>) and 4 (<b>H</b>) weeks, but not at 8 weeks (<b>I</b>) after extraction in the SDT/control group and at 2 (<b>J</b>), 4 <b>(K</b>), and at 8 weeks (<b>L</b>) after extraction in the SDT/ZOL group.</p

TRAP-stained sections 4 weeks after tooth extraction.

<p><b>(A)</b> TRAP-positive osteoclasts on the bone surface in the upper alveolar bone. Original magnification, 200×. <b>(B)</b> The number of multinuclear TRAP-positive cells was counted in four non-overlapping fields of alveolar bone at a magnification of 200×.</p

Photomicrographs of extraction sockets in SD/control (A-C), SD/ZOL (D-F), SDT/control (G-I), and SDT/ZOL (J-L) rats.

<p>Healed gingival mucosa with complete epithelial coverage in the SD/control group. (<b>D, E</b>) Partial deficiency of epithelial coverage at 2 and 4 weeks in the SD/ZOL group (arrow). (<b>F</b>) Nonkeratinized oral epithelium grew towards the sequestrum at 8 weeks after tooth extraction in 1 of 6 SD/ZOL rats (arrow). (<b>G</b>) Unhealed open socket with an area of exposed bone and no mucosal coverage at 2 weeks after extraction in the SDT/control group. (<b>H</b>) Interstitial tissue (★) under bone sequestra at 4 weeks after extraction. (<b>I</b>) Healed gingival mucosa with complete epithelial coverage at 8 weeks after extraction in the SDT/control group. (<b>J, K</b>) Unhealed open sockets with an area of exposed bone and no mucosal coverage at 2 and 4 weeks after extraction in the SDT/ZOL group. (<b>L</b>) Open sockets without epithelial lining (left right arrow) at 8 weeks after extraction in the SDT/ZOL group. H&E stain, original magnification, ×40. <b>Photomicrographs of magnifying dotted square area in (H) and (L)</b>. (<b>M</b>) Necrotic bone sequestra (SQ) with empty osteocyte lacunae covered with bacterial colonies (BC) and marked inflammation in (H) of SDT/control rat. (<b>N</b>) Necrotic bone sequestra (SQ) with empty osteocyte lacunae covered with bacterial colonies (BC) and less inflammation in (L) of SDT/ZOL rat. H&E stain, original magnification, ×200. <b>(O)</b> High magnification of empty osteocyte lacunae and <b>(P)</b> bacterial colonies in SDT/ZOL rats. H&E stain, original magnification, ×400.</p