Understanding the relationship between illness perceptions of breast cancer and perceived risk in a sample of U.A.E. female university students: the role of comparative risk

BMC Women's Health is an open access, peer-reviewed journal that considers articles on all aspects of the health and wellbeing of adolescent girls and women, with a particular focus on the physical, mental, and emotional health of women in developed and developing nations. The journal welcomes submissions on women's public health issues, health behaviours, breast cancer, gynecological diseases, mental health and health promotion.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Psychometric Properties of the Oldenburg Burnout Inventory in a Portuguese Sample of Aircraft Maintenance Technicians

Funding: PhD fellowship - PP - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior, Grant/Award, Number: 88887150178/2017-00.From its initial conceptualization as emotional exhaustion, cynicism, and reduced personal efficacy for the help professions, burnout has received increasing attention in modern times, especially after the 2019 WHO’s inclusion of this syndrome in the ICD-11 list. Burnout can be measured using several psychometric instruments that range in dimensionality, number of items, copyrighted, and free use formats. Here, we report the psychometric properties of data gathered with the Oldenburg Burnout Inventory (OLBI) in a sample of Portuguese Aircraft maintenance technicians. As far as we know, this is the first study addressing the burnout syndrome in this occupational group. Data gathered with the OLBI displayed good evidence of validity related to internal structure, to other variables, with good evidence of reliability. We showed that burnout significantly correlated with mental and physical fatigue emphasizing the vital critical role that these variables play with safety in the aviation industry.publishersversionpublishe

Relational Job Characteristics and Well-Being of Brazilian K-12 Teachers

A teacher’s relationship with students can be a source of more than stress. The attributes of relational jobs either promote positive (e.g., work engagement) or inhibit negative (e.g., exhaustion) psychological states that constitute potential predictors of teachers’ general well-being (e.g., health perception). The present study tests hypotheses regarding the relationships between the psychological effects of relational job characteristics and teachers’ work-related and context-free well-being indicators. Preschool, primary, and secondary Brazilian school teachers (n = 2205) responded to a cross-sectional survey. Data were analyzed by multiple mediator structural equation modeling. The psychological effects of relational job characteristics predicted exhaustion, engagement, and health perception. Findings support indirect effects on health perception of exhaustion and engagement. Data were interpreted according to the job demands-resources model, where the relational job characteristics constitute essential resources that foster work engagement, diminish burnout, and indirectly affect more generalized well-being states such as general health. Possible explanations for the relationships are discussed.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Impacto da saúde bucal nas dimensões física e psicossocial: uma análise através da modelagem com equações estruturais

This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of impact of oral health conditions on physical and psychosocial dimensions among adolescents and to identify factors associated with severity of impact. The impact of oral health status was assessed by the instrument Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14). The covariates were: socioeconomic status, habits and health care, use of dental services, and normative conditions of oral health. Structural equation modeling was performed, and 15.6% of adolescents reported impact in at least one dimension of the OHIP-14. The dimensions that showed the highest prevalence of impact were psychological distress (11.8%) and physical pain (6.6%). The number of teeth needing dental treatment, number of filled teeth, and CPI significantly affected severity of impact. In this adolescent population, unfavorable socioeconomic conditions were associated with reduced use of dental services, associated in turn with precarious oral health conditions and increased severity of impact.El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar el impacto de las condiciones de salud bucal en sus dimensiones físicas y psicosociales entre adolescentes. La gravedad del impacto fue tratada como variable latente, medida por medio de un cuestionario Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14). Las covariables fueron: el nivel socioeconómico, los hábitos y el cuidado de la salud, utilización de servicios dentales y condiciones de salud bucal. Se realizó un modelado de ecuaciones estructurales y los modelos fueron estimados por máxima verosimilitud. El efecto del número de dientes con necesidad de tratamiento, número de dientes restaurados y el CPI de la gravedad del impacto fue significativo. En esta población, las condiciones socioeconómicas desfavorables se asocian con una menor frecuencia de uso de los servicios dentales, que están asociadas con malas condiciones de salud oral, y que a su vez se correlacionaban con una mayor gravedad del impacto.O objetivo deste estudo foi estimar a prevalência do impacto das condições de saúde bucal nas suas dimensões física e psicossocial entre adolescentes, bem como identificar os fatores associados à gravidade do impacto. O impacto das condições de saúde bucal foi avaliado pelo instrumento Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14). As covariáveis foram: condição socioeconômica, hábitos e cuidados com a saúde, uso de serviços odontológicos e condições normativas de saúde bucal. Foi realizada a modelagem de equações estruturais. Quinze vírgula seis por cento dos adolescentes relataram impacto em, pelo menos, uma dimensão do OHIP-14, as dimensões que apresentaram maior prevalência de impacto foram desconforto psicológico (11,8%) e dor física(6,6%). O efeito do número de dentes com necessidade de tratamento, número de dentes restaurados e o CPI sobre a gravidade do impacto foram significativos. A condição socioeconômica desfavorável mostrou-se associada à menor frequência de uso dos serviços odontológicos, que estão associados às precárias condições de saúde bucal, que se relacionaram à maior gravidade do impacto.Universidade Estadual de Montes Claros Departamento de Ciências Exatas e TecnológicasInstituto Superior de Psicologia Aplicada Departamento de Ciências PsicológicasFaculdades Integradas Pitágoras de Montes Claros Departamento de FisioterapiaUniversidade Estadual de Montes Claros Departamento de OdontologiaUniversidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP) Escola Paulista de MedicinaUNIFESP, EPMSciEL

Isokinetic evaluation of knee muscles in soccer players: discriminant analysis [Avaliação isocinética dos músculos do joelho em jogadores de futebol: análise discriminante]; [Evaluación isocinética de los músculos de la rodilla en jugadores de fútbol: análisis discriminante]

Introduction: Muscle activity in soccer players can be measured by isokinetic dynamometer, which is a reliable tool for assessing human performance. Objectives: To perform isokinetic analyses and to determine which variables differentiate the under-17 (U17) soccer category from the professional (PRO). Methods: Thirty four players were assessed (n=17 for each category). The isokinetic variables used for the knee extension-flexion analysis were: peak torque (Nm), total work (J), average power (W), angle of peak torque (deg.), agonist/ antagonist ratio (%), measured for three velocities (60°/s, 120°/s and 300°/s), with each series containing five repetitions. Three Wilks' Lambda discriminant analyses were performed, to identify which variables were more significant for the definition of each of the categories. Results: The discriminative variables at 60°/s in the PRO category were: extension peak torque, flexion total work, extension average power and agonist/antagonist ratio; and for the U17s were: extension total work, flexion peak torque and flexion average power. At 120°/s for the PRO category the discriminant variables were: flexion peak torque and extension average power; for the U17s they were: extension total work and flexion average power. Finally at 300°/s, the variables found in the PRO and U17 categories respectively were: extension average power and extension total work. Conclusion: Isokinetic variables for flexion and extension knee muscles were able to significantly discriminate between PRO and U17 soccer players. RESUMO Introdução: A atividade muscular em jogadores de futebol pode ser medida por meio do dinamômetro isocinético, que é um instrumento confiável para avaliação do desempenho humano. Objetivos: Conduzir análises isocinéticas e discriminar quais variáveis diferenciam a categoria sub-17 (S17) da profissional (PRO). Métodos: Trinta e quatro jogadores de futebol (n=17 para cada categoria) foram avaliados. As variáveis isocinéticas utilizadas para a análise de extensão-flexão do joelho foram: pico de torque (Nm), trabalho total (J), potência média (W), ângulo de pico de torque (graus), razão agonista/antagonista (%), testadas em três velocidades (60°/s, 120°/s e 300°/s), com cada série contendo cinco repetições. Três análises discriminantes foram feitas usando o método Wilk's Lambda para identificar quais variáveis fariam uma discriminação significativa entre as duas categorias. Resultados: As variáveis discriminantes a 60°/s na categoria PRO foram: pico de torque extensores, trabalho total flexores, potência média de extensores e razão agonista/antagonista; e para os S17 foram: trabalho total de extensores, pico de torque de flexores e potência média de flexores. A 120°/s para a categoria PRO as variáveis discriminantes foram: pico de torque de flexores e potência média de extensores; para os S17 foram: trabalho total de extensores e potência média de flexores. A 300°/s, as variáveis encontradas para as categorias PRO e S17 foram, respectivamente: potência média de extensores e trabalho total de extensores. Conclusão: As variáveis isocinéticas para os músculos do joelho flexores e extensores foram capazes de fazer uma discriminação significativa entre jogadores de futebol PRO e S17. RESUMEN Introducción: La actividad muscular en jugadores de fútbol puede ser medida por medio del dinamómetro isocinético, que es un instrumento confiable para evaluación del desempeño humano. Objetivos: Conducir análisis isocinéticos y discriminar qué variables diferencian la categoría sub-17 (S17) de la profesional (PRO). Métodos: Fueron evaluados treinta y cuatro jugadores de fútbol (n=17 para cada categoría). Las variables isocinéticas utilizadas para el análisis de extensión-flexión de la rodilla fueron: pico de torque (Nm), trabajo total (J), potencia media (W), ángulo de pico de torque (grados), razón agonista/antagonista (%), probadas en tres velocidades (60°/s, 120°/s y 300°/s), con cada serie conteniendo cinco repeticiones. Fueron realizados tres análisis discriminantes usando el método Wilk's Lambda para identificar qué variables harían una discriminación significativa entre las dos categorías. Resultados: Las variables discriminantes a 60°/s en la categoría PRO fueron: pico de torque extensores, trabajo total flexores, potencia media de extensores y razón agonista/antagonista; y para los S17 fueron: trabajo total de extensores, pico de torque de flexores y potencia media de flexores. A 120°/s para la categoría PRO las variables discriminantes fueron: pico de torque de flexores y potencia media de extensores; para los S17 fueron: trabajo total de extensores y potencia media de flexores. A 300°/s, las variables encontradas para las categorías PRO y S17 fueron, respectivamente: potencia media de extensores y trabajo total de extensores. Conclusión: Las variables isocinéticas para los músculos de la rodilla flexores y extensores fueron capaces de hacer una discriminación significativa entre jugadores de fútbol PRO y S17

University student engagement inventory (USEI): psychometric properties

Academic engagement describes students’ investment in academic learning and achievement and is an important indicator of students’ adjustment to university life, particularly in the first year. A tridimensional conceptualization of academic engagement has been accepted (behavioral, emotional and cognitive dimensions). This paper tests the dimensionality, internal consistency reliability and invariance of the University Student Engagement Inventory (USEI) taking into consideration both gender and the scientific area of graduation. A sample of 908 Portuguese first-year university students was considered. Good evidence of reliability has been obtained with ordinal alpha and omega values. Confirmatory factor analysis substantiates the theoretical dimensionality proposed (second-order latent factor), internal consistency reliability evidence indicates good values and the results suggest measurement invariance across gender and the area of graduation. The present study enhances the role of the USEI regarding the lack of consensus on the dimensionality and constructs delimitation of academic engagement.Jorge Sinval received funding from the William James Center for Research, Portuguese Science Foundation (FCT UID/PSI/04810/2013). Leandro S. Almeida and Joana R. Casanova received funding from CIEd – Research Centre on Education, projects UID/CED/1661/2013 and UID/CED/1661/2016, Institute of Education, University of Minho, through national funds of FCT/MCTES-PT. Joana R. Casanova received funding from the Portuguese Science Foundation (FCT) as a Doctoral Grant, under grant agreement number SFRH/BD/117902/2016.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

The Psychological Effects of Relational Job Characteristics Scale: An Adaptation Study for Brazilian K-12 Teachers

Relationally enriched jobs can foster psychological states, which, with respect to the beneficiaries of one’s work, drive one’s motivation. These states can be measured with the psychological effects of relational job characteristics scale, an instrument for which the validity is, at present, only supported by preliminary evidence. Accordingly, the present study’s objective was to test a set of psychometric properties reflecting the validity and reliability of the interpretations proposed for this scale. Findings drawn from a sample of 2011 K-12 Brazilian teachers suggested that a tridimensional structure with some residual covariances afforded the best fit. Given the existence of high inter-factor correlations, a second-order factor was proposed as a complementary, if not necessary, feature. Internal consistency omega and alpha coefficients attested to the scores’ reliability, and the factor structure achieved indicates invariance across public state, public municipal, and private Brazilian schools. Different relationships with prosocial motivation and work engagement were identified, suggesting validity of the scale based on relationships with other variables.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Practice environment scale of the nursing work index: portuguese version and psychometric properties

Aim: To assess the psychometric properties regarding the Portuguese version of the Practice Environment Scale of the Nursing Work Index. Background: The Practice Environment Scale of the Nursing Work Index is the most widely used measure for assessing the practice environment. A model with a higher number of factors appears to be more adequate to Portuguese settings. Method: A confirmatory factor analysis was performed to the Practice Environment Scale of the Nursing Work Index using a sample of 850 Portuguese nurses. Three models were tested: the original model, a seven-factor model and a higher-order model. An analysis of invariance was performed in two subsets to confirm the stability of the solution. Results: The seven-factor model fit better to the data than the original model. After refinement, this solution showed suitability and a stable factor structure. Reliability, convergent validity and discriminant validity were confirmed. A second-order factor solution also showed suitability. Conclusion: The seven-factor structure of the Practice Environment Scale of the Nursing Work Index showed a better goodness-of- fit to Portuguese settings than the original structure. The second-order factor solution allows an overall assessment of practice environments. Implications for Nursing Management: The Portuguese version of the Practice Environment Scale of the Nursing Work Index is a valuable tool for assessing Portuguese nursing practice environments. The seven-factor solution of the Practice Environment Scale of the Nursing Work Index showed high specificity.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio