539 research outputs found
Strategy for Hydroxide Exclusion in Nanocrystalline Solid-State Metathesis Products
We demonstrate a simple strategy to either prevent or enhance hydroxide incorporation in nanocrystalline solid-state metathesis reaction products prepared in ambient environments. As an example, we show that ZnCO3 (smithsonite) or Zn5(CO3)2(OH)6 (hydrozincite) forms extremely rapidly, in less than two minutes, to form crystalline domains of 11 ± 2 nm and 6 ± 2 nm, respectively. The phase selectivity between these nanocrystalline products is dominated by the alkalinity of the hydrated precursor salts, which may in turn affect the availability of carbon dioxide during the reaction. Thus, unlike traditional aqueous precipitation reactions, our solid-state method offers a way to produce hydroxide-free, nanocrystalline products without active pH control
5G green cellular networks considering power allocation schemes
It is important to assess the effect of transmit power allocation schemes on
the energy consumption on random cellular networks. The energy efficiency of 5G
green cellular networks with average and water-filling power allocation schemes
is studied in this paper. Based on the proposed interference and achievable
rate model, an energy efficiency model is proposed for MIMO random cellular
networks. Furthermore, the energy efficiency with average and water-filling
power allocation schemes are presented, respectively. Numerical results
indicate that the maximum limits of energy efficiency are always there for MIMO
random cellular networks with different intensity ratios of mobile stations
(MSs) to base stations (BSs) and channel conditions. Compared with the average
power allocation scheme, the water-filling scheme is shown to improve the
energy efficiency of MIMO random cellular networks when channel state
information (CSI) is attainable for both transmitters and receivers.Comment: 14 pages, 7 figure
Massive Thirring Model: Inverse Scattering and Soliton Resolution
In this paper the long-time dynamics of the massive Thirring model is
investigated. Firstly the nonlinear steepest descent method for Riemann-Hilbert
problem is explored to obtain the soliton resolution of the solutions to the
massive Thirring model whose initial data belong to some weighted-Sobolev
spaces. Secondly, the asymptotic stability of multi-solitons follow as a
corollary. The main difficulty in studying the massive Thirring model through
inverse scattering is that the corresponding Lax pair has singularities at the
origin and infinity. We overcome this difficulty by making use of two
transforms that separate the singularities.Comment: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2009.04260,
arXiv:1907.0711
Analyze the Robustness of Classifiers under Label Noise
This study explores the robustness of label noise classifiers, aiming to
enhance model resilience against noisy data in complex real-world scenarios.
Label noise in supervised learning, characterized by erroneous or imprecise
labels, significantly impairs model performance. This research focuses on the
increasingly pertinent issue of label noise's impact on practical applications.
Addressing the prevalent challenge of inaccurate training data labels, we
integrate adversarial machine learning (AML) and importance reweighting
techniques. Our approach involves employing convolutional neural networks (CNN)
as the foundational model, with an emphasis on parameter adjustment for
individual training samples. This strategy is designed to heighten the model's
focus on samples critically influencing performance.Comment: 21 pages, 11 figure
Synthesis and surface reactivity of ZnO: application to gas and photon detection
This work employs different synthesis techniques to control the surface properties
of polycrystalline ZnO for sensing device applications. ZnO micro-scale
and nano-scale particles were made by various solid-state, solvothermal, and
high temperature synthesis techniques that are designed for controlling crystal
habit, surface polarity and surface area. The ZnO samples exhibited
different degrees of degradation when exposed to ambient water and CO2,
which were linked to ZnO surface dissolution and crystal growth conditions.
In addition, a strategy for controlling the hydroxide in the products of the
solid-state metathesis has been developed.
Thin film gas sensors were assembled using the ZnO products. The capacitance
responses of ZnO particles were evaluated after exposure to volatile
organic compounds (ethanol and hexane) at various operation temperatures
between 20 and 500⁰C. The results showed that gas sensing processes at
low temperatures were mediated by the ambient humidity when detecting
hydrophilic gases, and the responses from ZnO nanoparticles were greatly
enhanced at high temperatures. Furthermore, a preliminary study for UV activated gas sensing was conducted to examine the effect of UV light radiation
on the electrical properties of the ZnO samples, in which the AC frequency
dependence of the photoresponse was revealed by electrical impedance spectroscopy
Transforming High School Counseling: Counselors\u27 Roles, Practices, and Expectations for Students\u27 Success
This study examined the current roles and practices of American high school counselors in relation to the ASCA National Model. Expectations for student success by high school counselors were also examined and compared to those of teachers\u27 and school administrators\u27. A nationally representative sample of 852 lead counselors from 944 high schools was surveyed as part of the High School Longitudinal Study: 2009-2012. Findings are examined in the light of the National Model and advocated practices
Efficiently Hardening SGX Enclaves against Memory Access Pattern Attacks via Dynamic Program Partitioning
Intel SGX is known to be vulnerable to a class of practical attacks
exploiting memory access pattern side-channels, notably page-fault attacks and
cache timing attacks. A promising hardening scheme is to wrap applications in
hardware transactions, enabled by Intel TSX, that return control to the
software upon unexpected cache misses and interruptions so that the existing
side-channel attacks exploiting these micro-architectural events can be
detected and mitigated. However, existing hardening schemes scale only to
small-data computation, with a typical working set smaller than one or few
times (e.g., times) of a CPU data cache.
This work tackles the data scalability and performance efficiency of security
hardening schemes of Intel SGX enclaves against memory-access pattern side
channels. The key insight is that the size of TSX transactions in the target
computation is critical, both performance- and security-wise. Unlike the
existing designs, this work dynamically partitions target computations to
enlarge transactions while avoiding aborts, leading to lower performance
overhead and improved side-channel security. We materialize the dynamic
partitioning scheme and build a C++ library to monitor and model cache
utilization at runtime. We further build a data analytical system using the
library and implement various external oblivious algorithms. Performance
evaluation shows that our work can effectively increase transaction size and
reduce the execution time by up to two orders of magnitude compared with the
state-of-the-art solutions
Gender Difference in STEM Career Aspiration and Social-Cognitive Factors in Collectivist and Individualist Cultures
Gender equity in STEM demands that girls and women are provided with learning experiences, opportunities, and resources that meet their educational and vocational goals. This study examined gender difference in STEM learning experience, parental involvement, and self-efficacy to predict STEM career aspiration of different sociocultural groups. Two independent samples of high school students, one recruited from a collectivist culture (Taiwanese sample, N = 590) and the other recruited randomly from an individualist culture (American sample, N = 590), were used to examine the differences. Findings suggested a greater gender difference in STEM learning experience, parental involvement, and STEM self-efficacy of students from the collectivist culture than students from the individualist culture. Results of logistic analyses showed differential prediction of STEM career aspiration in two different cultural contexts. Findings were discussed in light of socio-cultural contexts
Multi-view Inverse Rendering for Large-scale Real-world Indoor Scenes
We present a multi-view inverse rendering method for large-scale real-world
indoor scenes that reconstructs global illumination and physically-reasonable
SVBRDFs. Unlike previous representations, where the global illumination of
large scenes is simplified as multiple environment maps, we propose a compact
representation called Texture-based Lighting (TBL). It consists of 3D meshs and
HDR textures, and efficiently models direct and infinite-bounce indirect
lighting of the entire large scene. Based on TBL, we further propose a hybrid
lighting representation with precomputed irradiance, which significantly
improves the efficiency and alleviate the rendering noise in the material
optimization. To physically disentangle the ambiguity between materials, we
propose a three-stage material optimization strategy based on the priors of
semantic segmentation and room segmentation. Extensive experiments show that
the proposed method outperforms the state-of-the-arts quantitatively and
qualitatively, and enables physically-reasonable mixed-reality applications
such as material editing, editable novel view synthesis and relighting. The
project page is at https://lzleejean.github.io/TexIR.Comment: The project page is at: https://lzleejean.github.io/TexI
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