7,013 research outputs found
TiMix: Text-aware Image Mixing for Effective Vision-Language Pre-training
Self-supervised Multi-modal Contrastive Learning (SMCL) remarkably advances
modern Vision-Language Pre-training (VLP) models by aligning visual and
linguistic modalities. Due to noises in web-harvested text-image pairs,
however, scaling up training data volume in SMCL presents considerable
obstacles in terms of computational cost and data inefficiency. To improve data
efficiency in VLP, we propose Text-aware Image Mixing (TiMix), which integrates
mix-based data augmentation techniques into SMCL, yielding significant
performance improvements without significantly increasing computational
overhead. We provide a theoretical analysis of TiMixfrom a mutual information
(MI) perspective, showing that mixed data samples for cross-modal contrastive
learning implicitly serve as a regularizer for the contrastive loss. The
experimental results demonstrate that TiMix exhibits a comparable performance
on downstream tasks, even with a reduced amount of training data and shorter
training time, when benchmarked against existing methods. This work empirically
and theoretically demonstrates the potential of data mixing for data-efficient
and computationally viable VLP, benefiting broader VLP model adoption in
practical scenarios.Comment: Accepted on AAAI202
Bis(2-amino-5-methyl-1,3,4-thiaÂdiazole-κN 3)dichloridocobalt(II)
In the monomeric title complex, [CoCl2(C3H5N3S)2], the CoII atom is tetraÂcoordinated by two chloride anions and two N atoms from two monodentate 2-amino-5-methyl-1,3,4-thiaÂdiazole ligands, giving a slightly distorted tetraÂhedral stereochemistry [bond angle range about Co = 105.16 (12)–112.50 (10)°]. In the complex, the dihedral angle between the 1,3,4-thiaÂdiazole planes in the two ligands is 72.8 (1)°. There are two intraÂmolecular N—H⋯Cl interÂactions in the complex unit, while in the crystal, interÂmolecular N—H⋯N and N—H⋯Cl hydrogen bonds link these units into a two-dimensional layered structure parallel to (011)
Effects of endogenous dopamine induced by low concentration atropine eye drops on choroidal neovascularization in high myopia mice
AIM: To evaluate effects of endogenous dopamine induced by low concentration atropine eye drops on choroidal neovascularization (CNV) in high myopia mice. METHODS: The C57BL/6J mice were deprived of the right eye for 4wk, and the high myopia was diagnosed by optometry, the diopter was less than -6.00 D, and CNV was induced by 532 nm laser. The changes of dopamine D1 receptor (DRD1), dopamine D2 receptor (DRD2), and vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) were detected by Western blot technology at 0.5, 1, 2h, and 7d after 0.01%, 0.05%, and 0.1% atropine eye drops, respectively, the area of CNV was measured. RESULTS: Significant increases were observed on the expression of DRD2 in mouse high myopia model at 0.5, 1, 2h, 7d with 0.05% and 0.1% atropine eye drops (P<0.05). Significant decreases were observed on the expression of DRD1 and VEGFA in mouse high myopia model at 0.5, 1, 2h, 7d with 0.05% and 0.1% atropine eye drops (P<0.05). The area of CNV induced by laser in the drug-treated group was significantly smaller than that in the control group, and the higher the concentration, the more significant the inhibitory effect (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: The 0.01%, 0.05%, 0.1% atropine eye drops can decrease the level of VEGFA and inhibit high myopia CNV indirectly by up-regulating the level of DRD2 and down-regulating the level of DRD1, and the effect of 0.05% and 0.1% atropine eye drops is more significant
Dependence of Molecular Cloud Samples on Angular Resolution, Sensitivity, and Algorithms
In this work, we investigate the observational and algorithmic effects on
molecular cloud samples identified from position-position-velocity (PPV) space.
By smoothing and cutting off the high quality data of the Milky Way Imaging
Scroll Painting (MWISP) survey, we extract various molecular cloud samples from
those altered data with the DBSCAN (density-based spatial clustering of
applications with noise) algorithm. Those molecular cloud samples are
subsequently used to gauge the significance of sensitivity, angular/velocity
resolution, and DBSCAN parameters. Two additional surveys, the FCRAO Outer
Galaxy Survey (OGS) and the CfA-Chile 1.2 m complete CO (CfA-Chile) survey, are
used to verify the MWISP results. We found that molecular cloud catalogs are
not unique and the boundary and therefore the number shows strong variation
with angular resolution and sensitivity. At low angular resolution (large beam
sizes), molecular clouds merge together in PPV space, while low sensitivity
(high cutoffs) misses small faint molecular clouds and takes bright parts of
large molecular clouds as single ones. At high angular resolution and
sensitivity, giant molecular clouds (GMCs) are resolved into individual clouds,
and their diffuse components are also revealed. Consequently, GMCs are more
appropriately interpreted as clusters or aggregates of molecular clouds, i.e.,
GMCs represent molecular cloud samples themselves.Comment: 25 pages, 21 figures. Accepted for publication in A
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