On the associations between physical activity and quality of life: findings from an Australian nationally representative panel survey

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to provide a comprehensive analysis of the associations between the frequency of moderate or vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and quality of life (QoL) measures using longitudinal data and panel regression models on a large, representative sample of the Australian population

Long-term dynamics in physical activity behaviour across the transition to parenthood

Gaining a deeper understanding of the dynamic relationships between the transition to parenthood and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) amongst men and women in Australia

Factors Associated with the Risk of Falls of Nursing Home Residents Aged 80 or Older

Background: Falls are the leading cause of mortality and morbidity in older and represents one of the major and most costly public health problems worldwide. Purpose: Evaluate the influences of lower limb muscle performance, static balance, functional independence and quality of life on fall risk as assessed with the Timed Up and Go test. Design: Crosssectional. Methods: Fifty-two residents aged 80 or older were assessed and distributed in one of the two study groups according to the time to complete the Timed Up and Go Test. A Kistler force platform and linear transducer was used to determinate lower limb muscle performance. Postural Stability was measured by recording the center of pressure. The EuroQol-5 dimension was used to assess Health-Related Quality of Life and the Barthel Index was used to examine functional status. Student t-test was performed to evaluate the differences between groups. Correlations between variables were analyzed using Spearman or Pearson coefficient. ROC analysis was used to determine the cut-off points related to a decrease in the risk of a fall. Findings: Participants of no-fall risk group showed better lower limb performance, quality of life, and functional status. Cut-off points were determined for each outcome. Conclusions: Risk of falls in nursing home residents over the age of 80 is associated with lower limb muscle performance, functional status and quality of Life. Clinical Relevance: Cut-off points can be used by clinicians when working toward fall prevention and could help in determining the optimal lower limb muscle performance level for preventing falls

EQCM study of oxygen cathodes in DMSO LiPF6 electrolyte

The oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) inDMSOcontaining LiPF6 has been studied with the electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance (EQCM) during galvanostatic cathodic and anodic pulses, chronoamperometry and cyclic voltammetry experiments. We disclose here for the first time gravimetric evidence with the EQCM of the different mechanistic models that apply to the ORR in LiPF6/DMSO electrolyte: (i) Surface electrochemical/chemical deposition of Li2O2(s) and (ii) solution phase disproportion of LiO2(soln) yields large Li2O2 particles.The mass per electron detected with the EQCM depends on the respective current rates and thus on the mechanisms, i.e. 23 g/F for the formation of Li2O2 thin film at high current density and much larger values forlow current density due to solvent co-deposition and further degradation.Fil: Torres, Walter Ramon. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Química, Física de los Materiales, Medioambiente y Energía. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Química, Física de los Materiales, Medioambiente y Energía; ArgentinaFil: Cantoni, Leonardo Andrés. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Química, Física de los Materiales, Medioambiente y Energía. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Química, Física de los Materiales, Medioambiente y Energía; ArgentinaFil: Tesio, Alvaro Yamil. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Química, Física de los Materiales, Medioambiente y Energía. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Química, Física de los Materiales, Medioambiente y Energía; ArgentinaFil: del Pozo, María Lila de Jesus Belen. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Química, Física de los Materiales, Medioambiente y Energía. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Química, Física de los Materiales, Medioambiente y Energía; ArgentinaFil: Calvo, Ernesto Julio. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Química, Física de los Materiales, Medioambiente y Energía. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Química, Física de los Materiales, Medioambiente y Energía; Argentin

ECM deposition is driven by caveolin-1-dependent regulation of exosomal biogenesis and cargo sorting.

The composition and physical properties of the extracellular matrix (ECM) critically influence tumor progression, but the molecular mechanisms underlying ECM layering are poorly understood. Tumor-stroma interaction critically depends on cell communication mediated by exosomes, small vesicles generated within multivesicular bodies (MVBs). We show that caveolin-1 (Cav1) centrally regulates exosome biogenesis and exosomal protein cargo sorting through the control of cholesterol content at the endosomal compartment/MVBs. Quantitative proteomics profiling revealed that Cav1 is required for exosomal sorting of ECM protein cargo subsets, including Tenascin-C (TnC), and for fibroblast-derived exosomes to efficiently deposit ECM and promote tumor invasion. Cav1-driven exosomal ECM deposition not only promotes local stromal remodeling but also the generation of distant ECM-enriched stromal niches in vivo. Cav1 acts as a cholesterol rheostat in MVBs, determining sorting of ECM components into specific exosome pools and thus ECM deposition. This supports a model by which Cav1 is a central regulatory hub for tumor-stroma interactions through a novel exosome-dependent ECM deposition mechanism.This study was supported by the Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (CSD2009-0016, SAF2014-51876-R, SAF2017-83130-R, BFU2016-81912-REDC, and IGP-SO-MINSEV1512-07-2016); the Fundació La Marató de TV3 (385/C/2019); the Worldwide Cancer Research Foundation (AICR 15-0404); and Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional “Una manera de hacer Europa” (to M.Á. del Pozo). M.Á. del Pozo’s group received funding from the European Union Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under Marie Sklodowska-Curie grant agreement no. 641639. M.Á. del Pozo is a member of the Tec4Bio consortium (ref. S2018/NMT4443; Actividades de I+D entre Grupos de Investigación en Tecnologías, Comunidad Autónoma de Madrid/FEDER, Spain). J. Balsinde was supported by Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades grants SAF2013-48201-R and SAF2016-80883-R, and G. Orend was supported by Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, the University of Strasbourg, the Ligue Contre le Cancer, and the Institut National du Cancer (ref. TENPLAMET). L. Albacete-Albacete was supported by a Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades predoctoral fellowship associated with the Severo Ochoa Excellence program (ref. SVP-2013-06789). I. Navarro-Lérida was supported by a postdoctoral fellowship from the Asociación Española Contra el Cáncer (ref. INVES191NAVA). The Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III is supported by the Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación and the Pro CNIC Foundation and is a Severo Ochoa Center of Excellence (SEV-2015-0505).S

Obesity-associated insulin resistance is correlated to adipose tissue vascular endothelial growth factors and metalloproteinase levels

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>The expansion of adipose tissue is linked to the development of its vasculature, which appears to have the potential to regulate the onset of obesity. However, at present, there are no studies highlighting the relationship between human adipose tissue angiogenesis and obesity-associated insulin resistance (IR).</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Our aim was to analyze and compare angiogenic factor expression levels in both subcutaneous (SC) and omentum (OM) adipose tissues from morbidly obese patients (n = 26) with low (OB/L-IR) (healthy obese) and high (OB/H-IR) degrees of IR, and lean controls (n = 17). Another objective was to examine angiogenic factor correlations with obesity and IR.</p> <p>Here we found that <it>VEGF-A </it>was the isoform with higher expression in both OM and SC adipose tissues, and was up-regulated 3-fold, together with <it>MMP9 </it>in OB/L-IR as compared to leans. This up-regulation decreased by 23% in OB/-H-IR compared to OB/L-IR. On the contrary, <it>VEGF-B</it>, <it>VEGF-C </it>and <it>VEGF-D</it>, together with <it>MMP15 </it>was down-regulated in both OB/H-IR and OB/L-IR compared to lean patients. Moreover, <it>MMP9 </it>correlated positively and <it>VEGF-C</it>, <it>VEGF-D </it>and <it>MMP15 </it>correlated negatively with HOMA-IR, in both SC and OM.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>We hereby propose that the alteration in <it>MMP15</it>, <it>VEGF-B</it>, <it>VEGF-C </it>and <it>VEGF-D </it>gene expression may be caused by one of the relevant adipose tissue processes related to the development of IR, and the up-regulation of <it>VEGF-A </it>in adipose tissue could have a relationship with the prevention of this pathology.</p

The Calcineurin Variant CnAβ1 Controls Mouse Embryonic Stem Cell Differentiation by Directing mTORC2 Membrane Localization and Activation

Embryonic stem cells (ESC) have the potential to generate all the cell lineages that form the body. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying ESC differentiation and especially the role of alternative splicing in this process remain poorly understood. Here, we show that the alternative splicing regulator MBNL1 promotes generation of the atypical calcineurin Aβ variant CnAβ1 in mouse ESCs (mESC). CnAβ1 has a unique C-terminal domain that drives its localization mainly to the Golgi apparatus by interacting with Cog8. CnAβ1 regulates the intracellular localization and activation of the mTORC2 complex. CnAβ1 knockdown results in delocalization of mTORC2 from the membrane to the cytoplasm, inactivation of the AKT/GSK3β/β-catenin signaling pathway, and defective mesoderm specification. In summary, here we unveil the structural basis for the mechanism of action of CnAβ1 and its role in the differentiation of mESCs to the mesodermal lineage.European Union's FP7 [CardioNext-ITN-608027, Cardio-NeT-ITN-289600]; Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation [SAF2012-31451, CP08/00144]; Regional Government of Madrid [2010-BMD-2321]; Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness; Pro-CNIC Foundation; Severo Ochoa Center of Excellence (MINECO award) [SEV-2015-0505]S

Caveolin-1 deficiency induces a MEK-ERK1/2-Snail-1-dependent epithelial-mesenchymal transition and fibrosis during peritoneal dialysis

Peer reviewe

Sedentary Behavior Research Network (SBRN) - Terminology Consensus Project process and outcome

Background: The prominence of sedentary behavior research in health science has grown rapidly. With this growth there is increasing urgency for clear, common and accepted terminology and definitions. Such standardization is difficult to achieve, especially across multi-disciplinary researchers, practitioners, and industries. The Sedentary Behavior Research Network (SBRN) undertook a Terminology Consensus Project to address this need. Method: First, a literature review was completed to identify key terms in sedentary behavior research. These key terms were then reviewed and modified by a Steering Committee formed by SBRN. Next, SBRN members were invited to contribute to this project and interested participants reviewed and provided feedback on the proposed list of terms and draft definitions through an online survey. Finally, a conceptual model and consensus definitions (including caveats and examples for all age groups and functional abilities) were finalized based on the feedback received from the 87 SBRN member participants who responded to the original invitation and survey. Results: Consensus definitions for the terms physical inactivity, stationary behavior, sedentary behavior, standing, screen time, non-screen-based sedentary time, sitting, reclining, lying, sedentary behavior pattern, as well as how the terms bouts, breaks, and interruptions should be used in this context are provided. Conclusion: It is hoped that the definitions resulting from this comprehensive, transparent, and broad-based participatory process will result in standardized terminology that is widely supported and adopted, thereby advancing future research, interventions, policies, and practices related to sedentary behaviors