SURFACE MODIFICATIONS OF CAPILLARY-CHANNELED POLYMER (C-CP) FIBERS FOR APPLICATIONS IN HIGHLY SELECTIVE SEPARATIONS

High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) is a key component in the purification and separation of biological samples. Stationary phases in HPLC are generally silica based porous particles or monoliths designed with high surface area and high capacities in mind. However, in the field of macromolecule separations, specifically proteins, the porous based stationary phases have inherent issues that include slow mass transfer, high operating back pressures, and analyte carryover. Recent research has looked to non-porous polymeric materials as stationary phases in HPLC to overcome these challenges. Specifically, fibrous based polymer stationary phases exhibit significant benefits for macromolecules that include improved mass transfer, decreased operating pressures, and improved chemical robustness. Capillary-Channeled Polymer (C-CP) fibers have been under investigation in the Marcus laboratory for their application as stationary phases in HPLC. C-CP fibers are extruded from standard textile polymers through a spinneret. The spinneret shape provides the unique structure of the fibers, which consists of eight channels that run the length of the fiber. These C-CP fibers have been successfully employed for macromolecule separations due to the increased surface area over cylindrical fibers, an improved mass transfer due to their non-porous nature, and reduced back pressures allowing for operation at higher linear velocities. C-CP fibers come in a variety of base polymers; polyester, polypropylene, and nylon, providing a wide array of chemical interactions (ionic, pi-pi, hydrophobic) and therefore separation mechanisms to occur. However, the ability to generate HPLC stationary phase surfaces with a high degree of analyte specificity is desired. The focus of this research is on modification of C-CP fibers, specifically to generate a high density functional group surface for analyte selective interactions. All three available base polymers of C-CP fibers were evaluated for their ability to undergo chemical modification while maintaining the structural integrity and characteristics of the fibers. Several modification approaches, including plasma grafting, covalent modification, and lipid adsorption, were utilized and their performance evaluated in order to obtain metal or protein selective HPLC stationary phases

From Bad Boy To Good OL\u27 Boy: Literary Origins of the South\u27s Notorious Figure

Mark Twain is credited with creating the term bad boy in boys\u27 literature from 1865 (Murray 75). His Adventures of Tom Sawyer (1876) subsequently ignited the bad boy boom (Kidd 75). Though Tom Sawyer was not a best-seller until the twentieth century, the novel has come to represent the quintessential boys\u27 book of the American nineteenth century (Parille 2-6). Although it has been 135 years since Tom Sawyer was published, I argue that the concept of the bad boy continues in contemporary literature, specifically Willie Morris\u27 Good Old Boy (1971), although the bad boy has morphed into the concept of the good.ol\u27 boy. This concept is not limited to children\u27s literature, however; the good ol\u27 boy has become a fixture in Southern culture. Though Morris indicated in several interviews that his writing was inspired by Twain, little critical research takes up Morris as an author and practically none draws connections between the works of Morris and Twain. Here, I trace the evolution of the bad boy in American literature from Twain\u27s Tom Sawyer to Morris\u27 Good Old Boy, noting that in Southern culture, the bad boy morphs into the good old boy, - also known as the good ol\u27 boy - a concept rooted in nostalgia that has moved beyond the genre of children\u27s literature and has infiltrated Southern identity

Southern Families

The emphasis on family unity that is characteristic of the southern family has its roots in the traditional values of the agrarian upper class. The English, Scottish-Irish, and African immigrants to the south, who arrived in the 1600 and 1700s, instituted the basics of southern culture, though these patterns continued to develop and progress, as they do today. The basis of the southern lifestyle was farming and rural living, which lingered well into the 20th century, at least in certain parts of the south. Even today, agrarian traditions continue to influence southern culture. Because of the influential governing classes, family was, traditionally, more important in the southern United States than any other region of the country. Critics have insightfully argued that the southerner\u27s emphasis on family echoes concerns with social stratification just as much as it does his dedication to family values. Beginning in the mid-20th century, however, the paternalism of the southern family began to decline with women\u27s increased autonomy and economic independence

Connections between Identity, Attachment, and Psychological Dating Aggression during Adolescence

The collective influence of identity styles and romantic attachment insecurity on psychological dating aggression was examined for 1,975 adolescents living in a southern state of the United States. Informational identity style related negatively to psychological dating aggression, but anxious romantic attachment related positively to this behavior. Diffuse-avoidant identity style and using psychological dating aggression were associated positively, whereas normative identity style and receiving psychological dating aggression were associated negatively. Additionally, the combination of high informational or normative identity style with high avoidant romantic attachment was linked to lower psychological dating aggression. Our findings build on the previously noted parallelism between identity styles and romantic attachment insecurity by showing how they work together to explain variability in psychological dating aggression

The illusion of artificial inclusion

Human participants play a central role in the development of modern artificial intelligence (AI) technology, in psychological science, and in user research. Recent advances in generative AI have attracted growing interest to the possibility of replacing human participants in these domains with AI surrogates. We survey several such "substitution proposals" to better understand the arguments for and against substituting human participants with modern generative AI. Our scoping review indicates that the recent wave of these proposals is motivated by goals such as reducing the costs of research and development work and increasing the diversity of collected data. However, these proposals ignore and ultimately conflict with foundational values of work with human participants: representation, inclusion, and understanding. This paper critically examines the principles and goals underlying human participation to help chart out paths for future work that truly centers and empowers participants.Comment: Proceedings of the CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI 2024

Classes of Intimate Partner Violence from Late Adolescence to Young Adulthood

Researchers do not agree on how intimate partner violence (IPV) emerges and changes from adolescence to young adulthood. This may be because change in these behaviors varies across individuals. The present study uses a longitudinal, person-centered approach to examine whether there are multiple classes or patterns of change in the perpetration of IPV during the transitional period from adolescence (age 18) to young adulthood (age 25) using data collected annually from a community sample of 484 participants. Latent class analysis was the analytic approach used. Results revealed three patterns for psychological IPV (Little-to-None, Minor/Increasing, and Extensive/Increasing) and two patterns for physical IPV (Little-to-None and Extensive). Patterns varied greatly in number of representatives, although they were more balanced in size for psychological than physical IPV. Variations in IPV behaviors were also revealed across classes, although as expected in a community sample, minor forms of IPV were more common than severe forms. In addition, classes differed in demographic and relationship status variables. These findings suggest that IPV may occur in multiple distinct patterns as opposed to one average pattern across a population. This suggests that interventions for IPV may need to be geared to differences in patterns to enhance their efficacy

Predicting Patterns of Intimate Partner Violence Perpetration from Late Adolescence to Young Adulthood

Saint-Eloi Cadely et al. (2017) found longitudinal patterns for the perpetration of both psychological and physical intimate partner violence (IPV), including actively and minimally aggressive patterns. The current study builds on these findings by examining four theory-derived variables (interparental aggression, social-information processing (SIP) biases, relationship insecurities (preoccupied and fearful), and discontinuity in relationship partner over time) as predictors of membership within these patterns using multinomial logistic regression. The analysis sample consisted of 484 participants who were romantically involved at least once during the 8 waves of data collection from the ages of 18-25. In predicting psychological IPV, more SIP biases, higher levels of a preoccupied insecurity, and less discontinuity in relationship partners over time differentiated the actively aggressive patterns from the minimally aggressive pattern. Additionally, two actively aggressive patterns of psychological IPV differed in terms of SIP biases and discontinuity in romantic partners. Specifically, more SIP biases and less discontinuity in romantic partnerships distinguished the extensively aggressive pattern from the pattern that mainly consisted of minor types of aggression. In predicting physical IPV, the aggressive pattern differed from the non-aggressive pattern in terms of more interparental aggression, more SIP biases and more relationship insecurities. The findings that developmental patterns of IPV can be predicted by social and psychological factors may aid both developmental theory and practice

A 3-D PYRAMID/PRISM APPROACH TO VIEW KNOWLEDGE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE BATCH MEANS METHOD WHEN TAUGHT IN A LANGUAGE-FOCUSED, UNDERGRADUATE SIMULATION COURSE

We develop a 3-D knowledge pyramid/prism model to structure the relationships of (i) lower-level learning, (ii) ‘optional ’ knowledge bases, (iii) concurrent knowledge, and (ii) new knowledge; so one may view the learning needs of a higher-level learning objective. Our paradigm stems from Bloom’s taxonomy of learning, but has the advantage of supporting ‘just-in-time ’ and ‘learn-by-doing’ delivery, teaching and learning styles. We illustrate the paradigm through the BMMKP (the 3-D knowledge pyramid/prism model of the highest-level, batch-means-method learning objective for our language-focused, undergraduate course). The BMMKP reveals how highly dependent and fully integrated this learning is to calculus, probability, statistics, and queuing theory—regardless of the simulation modeling language chosen to teach in the course. The BMMKP is then used to develop a set of lower-level learning objectives for the undergraduate course. The 3-D pyramid/prism approach should lend itself well as a communication tool for visualizing other simulation learning objectives.

Experimental requirements for Grover's algorithm in optical quantum computation

The field of linear optical quantum computation (LOQC) will soon need a repertoire of experimental milestones. We make progress in this direction by describing several experiments based on Grover's algorithm. These experiments range from a relatively simple implementation using only a single non-scalable CNOT gate to the most complex, requiring two concatenated scalable CNOT gates, and thus form a useful set of early milestones for LOQC. We also give a complete description of basic LOQC using polarization-encoded qubits, making use of many simplifications to the original scheme of Knill, Laflamme, and Milburn.Comment: 9 pages, 8 figure