Average production estimates (black boxes) and ranges (bars) for ocean cage farmed finfish production (assuming 75% of cages in production and not including tuna) compared with official finfish data reported to FAO.

<p>Fig. (a) reports estimates for the countries with the largest finfish production and (b) for the countries with smaller production. Estimates for France and Israel are much lower than FAO data probably due to low cage counts as a result of inadequate satellite coverage of both countries' coasts.</p

Number of cages, closest and furthest cage to shore, average area per cage, and the various assumptions used to estimate finfish production for each Mediterranean country.

<p>Number of cages, closest and furthest cage to shore, average area per cage, and the various assumptions used to estimate finfish production for each Mediterranean country.</p

Gender composition from 1990–2011 for disciplines (i.e., groups at the first level of hierarchical clustering) with at least 5,000 authorships.

<p>Gender composition from 1990–2011 for disciplines (i.e., groups at the first level of hierarchical clustering) with at least 5,000 authorships.</p

Even in fields with a gender composition near parity, men (blue bars) and women (pink bars) are unequally distributed in subfields.

<p>Shown here is sociology and its subfields from 1990 to the present. An interactive version of this graph, covering all fields and subfields of the JSTOR network dataset, is available online at <a href="http://www.eigenfactor.org/gender/" target="_blank">http://www.eigenfactor.org/gender/</a>.</p

Distribution of author number over time for the JSTOR corpus.

<p>Multi-authored papers have increased over time while the fraction of single-authored papers have declined. The y-axis is the percentage of papers with the given number of authors. The legend shows “A”, the number of authors on a paper.</p

Percentage of women relative to total PhDs and percentage of women in tenure or tenure track positions and full professorships in Science and Engineering from 1960–2006 (data from reference [33]) as well as percentage of women in various author positions from 1960–2009 as a result of this analysis.

<p>1st and 2nd author positions are listed for papers with at least two authors. Last author percentage is for papers with at least three authors.</p

Gender as a function of authorship position in three domains of scholarship from 1990 to present: cell and molecular biology (276,992 authorships), sociology (44,895 authorships), and mathematics (6,134 authorships).

<p>In molecular biology, women are overrepresented as first author but underrepresented at the last author position. In sociology, women are underrepresented in both first and last author positions. In mathematics, where the convention is for alphabetical author order <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0066212#pone.0066212-Waltman1" target="_blank">[5]</a>, women are neither under- nor over-represented at first or last author positions.</p

Gender as a function of authorship order across the entire JSTOR network dataset.

<p>Top panel: 888,060 authorships prior to 1990. Bottom panel: 1,156,354 authorships from 1990 to the present. From 1990 to present, women are no longer severely underrepresented as first author, but they are increasingly underrepresented as last author. Error bars indicate one standard deviation of the binomial distribution. For the graph of author position, the solid line indicates the overall frequency of women in the JSTOR network dataset. For the last-author graph, the point indicates the frequency of women who are last author on papers with at least three authors. The horizontal line in this part of the graph indicates the appropriate comparator: the overall frequency of women in any authorship position on papers with three or more authors.</p

Authorships and gender composition in the JSTOR network dataset, by decade.

<p>Shaded bars represent male authorships, unshaded bars represent female authorships. The black line indicates the fraction of authorships that are women, the red line indicates the fraction of first authorships that are women, and the blue line indicates the fraction of last authorships that are women.</p