88 research outputs found
NABIL N. ANTAKI, Le rĂšglement amiable des litiges, Cowansville, Ăditions Yvon Blais, 1998, 471 p., ISBN 2-89451-284-8.
Applications de la théorie de la fonctionnelle de la densité : matériaux hybrides organiques-inorganiques, puits quantiques et fullerÚnes
Mémoire numérisé par la Direction des bibliothÚques de l'Université de Montréal
Perceptive study of an optimal trumpet using simulated sounds
International audienceDans le cadre de l'ÂŽ etude de la qualitĂ© des instruments de musique, nous avons optimisĂ©, ` a partir de simulations sonores par modĂšle physique, la justesse de trompettes en faisant varier des paramĂštres gĂ©omĂ©triques de l'embouchure et de la branche d'embouchure. L'objectif de ce travail est de dĂ©terminer, par un test d'ÂŽ ecoute des sons simulĂ©s, dans quelles mesures les diffĂ©rences entre la gĂ©omĂ©trie optimale et des gĂ©omĂ©tries courantes sont perceptibles. Trois trompettes d'intĂ©rĂȘt sontĂ©tudiĂ©essontĂ©tudiĂ©es : la trompette optimale, la trompette de rĂ©fĂ©rence (trompette initiale lors de la procĂ©dure d'optimisation), et une trompettĂ© elĂ©mentaire (trompette admissible, mais dont la valeur de la justesse est faible). L'expĂ©rience perceptive est unĂ© epreuve d'ÂŽ ecoute par paires de sons (same-different test) impliquant 32 participants (musiciens ou non). DeuxĂ©preuvesDeuxĂ©preuves sont proposĂ©es : l'ÂŽ evaluation des diffĂ©rences perceptives entre les 3 instrumentsĂ©tudiĂ©sinstrumentsĂ©tudiĂ©s, et l'ÂŽ evaluation des diffĂ©rences perceptives entre diffĂ©rents sons du mĂȘme instrument. Les rĂ©sultats de chaque participant pour chaque famille de sons sont reprĂ©sentĂ©s par la matrice de confusion de l'ÂŽ epreuve same-different, de laquelle diffĂ©rents indicateurs de performances issus de la thĂ©orie de dĂ©tection du signal sont extraits. Les conclusions montrent que la trompette optimale et la trompette de rĂ©fĂ©rence prĂ©sentent bien des diffĂ©rences perceptibles, les performances de dĂ©tection des sujets musiciensĂ©tant par ailleurs significativement supĂ©rieuressupĂ©rieuresĂ celles des sujets non-musiciens
Redirecting splicing with bifunctional oligonucleotides
Abstract: Ectopic modulators of alternative splicing are
important tools to study the function of splice
variants and for correcting mis-splicing events that
cause human diseases. Such modulators can be
bifunctional oligonucleotides made of an antisense
portion that determines target specificity, and a nonhybridizing
tail that recruits proteins or RNA/protein
complexes that affect splice site selection (TOSS and
TOES, respectively, for targeted oligonucleotide
silencer of splicing and targeted oligonucleotide
enhancer of splicing). The use of TOSS and TOES
has been restricted to a handful of targets. To generalize
the applicability and demonstrate the robustness
of TOSS, we have tested this approach on more
than 50 alternative splicing events. Moreover, we
have developed an algorithm that can design active
TOSS with a success rate of 80%. To produce
bifunctional oligonucleotides capable of stimulating
splicing, we built on the observation that binding
sites for TDP-43 can stimulate splicing and improve
U1 snRNP binding when inserted downstream from
50 splice sites. A TOES designed to recruit TDP-43
improved exon 7 inclusion in SMN2. Overall, our
study shows that bifunctional oligonucleotides can
redirect splicing on a variety of genes, justifying their
inclusion in the molecular arsenal that aims to alter
the production of splice variants
Importance of proximity to resources, social support, transportation and neighborhood security for mobility and social participation in older adults: results from a scoping study
Background: Since mobility and social participation are key determinants of health and quality of life, it is important to identify factors associated with them. Although several investigations have been conducted on the neighborhood environment, mobility and social participation, there is no clear integration of the results. This study aimed to provide a comprehensive understanding regarding how the neighborhood environment is associated with mobility and social participation in older adults.Methods: A rigorous methodological scoping study framework was used to search nine databases from different fields with fifty-one keywords. Data were exhaustively analyzed, organized and synthesized according to the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) by two research assistants following PRISMA guidelines, and results were validated with knowledge users.Results: The majority of the 50 selected articles report results of cross-sectional studies (29; 58 %), mainly conducted in the US (24; 48 %) or Canada (15; 30 %). Studies mostly focused on neighborhood environment associations with mobility (39; 78 %), social participation (19; 38 %), and occasionally both (11; 22 %). Neighborhood attributes considered were mainly 'Pro ducts and technology' (43; 86) and 'Services, systems and policies' (37; 74 %), but also 'Natural and human- made changes' (27; 54 %) and 'Support and relationships' (21; 42 %). Mobility and social participation were both positively associated with Proximity to resources and recreational facilities, Social support, Having a car or driver's license, Public transportation and Neighborhood security, and negatively associated with Poor user-friendliness of the walking environment and Neighborhood insecurity. Attributes of the neighborhood environment not covered by previous research on mobility and social participation mainly concerned 'Attitudes', and 'Services, systems and policies'.Conclusion: Results from this comprehensive synthesis of empirical studies on associations of the neighborhood environment with mobility and social participation will ultimately support best practices, decisions and the development of innovative inclusive public health interventions including clear guidelines for the creation of age-supportive environments. To foster mobility and social participation, these interventions must consider Proximity to resources and to recreational facilities, Social support, Transportation, Neighborhood security and User-friendliness of the walking environment. Future studies should include both mobility and social participation, and investigate how they are associated with 'Attitudes', and 'Services, systems and policies' in older adults, including disadvantaged older adults
Intronic Binding Sites for hnRNP A/B and hnRNP F/H Proteins Stimulate Pre-mRNA Splicing
hnRNP A/B proteins modulate the alternative splicing of several mammalian and viral pre-mRNAs, and are typically viewed as proteins that enforce the activity of splicing silencers. Here we show that intronic hnRNP A/Bâbinding sites (ABS) can stimulate the in vitro splicing of pre-mRNAs containing artificially enlarged introns. Stimulation of in vitro splicing could also be obtained by providing intronic ABS in trans through the use of antisense oligonucleotides containing a non-hybridizing ABS-carrying tail. ABS-tailed oligonucleotides also improved the in vivo inclusion of an alternative exon flanked by an enlarged intron. Notably, binding sites for hnRNP F/H proteins (FBS) replicate the activity of ABS by improving the splicing of an enlarged intron and by modulating 5âČ splice-site selection. One hypothesis formulated to explain these effects is that bound hnRNP proteins self-interact to bring in closer proximity the external pair of splice sites. Consistent with this model, positioning FBS or ABS at both ends of an intron was required to stimulate splicing of some pre-mRNAs. In addition, a computational analysis of the configuration of putative FBS and ABS located at the ends of introns supports the view that these motifs have evolved to support cooperative interactions. Our results document a positive role for the hnRNP A/B and hnRNP F/H proteins in generic splicing, and suggest that these proteins may modulate the conformation of mammalian pre-mRNAs
The Benefits Conferred by Radial Access for Cardiac Catheterization Are Offset by a Paradoxical Increase in the Rate of Vascular Access Site Complications With Femoral Access The Campeau Radial Paradox
AbstractObjectivesThe purpose of this study was to assess whether the benefits conferred by radial access (RA) at an individual level are offset by a proportionally greater incidence of vascular access site complications (VASC) at a population level when femoral access (FA) is performed.BackgroundThe recent widespread adoption of RA for cardiac catheterization has been associated with increased rates of VASCs when FA is attempted.MethodsLogistic regression was used to calculate the adjusted VASC rate in a contemporary cohort of consecutive patients (2006 to 2008) where both RA and FA were used, and compared it with the adjusted VASC rate observed in a historical control cohort (1996 to 1998) where only FA was used. We calculated the adjusted attributable risk to estimate the proportion of VASC attributable to the introduction of RA in FA patients of the contemporary cohort.ResultsA total of 17,059 patients were included. At a population level, the VASC rate was higher in the overall contemporary cohort compared with the historical cohort (adjusted rates: 2.91% vs. 1.98%; odds ratio [OR]: 1.48, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.17 to 1.89; p = 0.001). In the contemporary cohort, RA patients experienced fewer VASC than FA patients (adjusted rates: 1.44% vs. 4.19%; OR: 0.33, 95% CI: 0.23 to 0.48; p < 0.001). We observed a higher VASC rate in FA patients in the contemporary cohort compared with the historical cohort (adjusted rates: 4.19% vs. 1.98%; OR: 2.16, 95% CI: 1.67 to 2.81; p < 0.001). This finding was consistent for both diagnostic and therapeutic catheterizations separately. The proportion of VASCs attributable to RA in the contemporary FA patients was estimated at 52.7%.ConclusionsIn a contemporary population where both RA and FA were used, the safety benefit associated with RA is offset by a paradoxical increase in VASCs among FA patients. The existence of this radial paradox should be taken into consideration, especially among trainees and default radial operators
A novel antiangiogenic and vascular normalization therapy targeted against human CD160 receptor
A monoclonal anti-CD160 antibody inhibits the growth of new vessels in pathological ocular and tumor neoangiogenesis but not in healthy tissues
Importance of proximity to resources, social support, transportation and neighborhood security for mobility and social participation in older adults: results from a scoping study
ABSTRACT: Background: Since mobility and social participation are key determinants of health and quality of life, it is important to identify factors associated with them. Although several investigations have been conducted on the neighborhood environment, mobility and social participation, there is no clear integration of the results. This study aimed to provide a comprehensive understanding regarding how the neighborhood environment is associated with mobility and social participation in older adults.Methods: A rigorous methodological scoping study framework was used to search nine databases from different fields with fifty-one keywords. Data were exhaustively analyzed, organized and synthesized according to the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) by two research assistants following PRISMA guidelines, and results were validated with knowledge users.Results: The majority of the 50 selected articles report results of cross-sectional studies (29; 58 %), mainly conducted in the US (24; 48 %) or Canada (15; 30 %). Studies mostly focused on neighborhood environment associations with mobility (39; 78 %), social participation (19; 38 %), and occasionally both (11; 22 %). Neighborhood attributes considered were mainly 'Pro ducts and technology' (43; 86) and 'Services, systems and policies' (37; 74 %), but also 'Natural and human- made changes' (27; 54 %) and 'Support and relationships' (21; 42 %). Mobility and social participation were both positively associated with Proximity to resources and recreational facilities, Social support, Having a car or driver's license, Public transportation and Neighborhood security, and negatively associated with Poor user-friendliness of the walking environment and Neighborhood insecurity. Attributes of the neighborhood environment not covered by previous research on mobility and social participation mainly concerned 'Attitudes', and 'Services, systems and policies'.Conclusion: Results from this comprehensive synthesis of empirical studies on associations of the neighborhood environment with mobility and social participation will ultimately support best practices, decisions and the development of innovative inclusive public health interventions including clear guidelines for the creation of age-supportive environments. To foster mobility and social participation, these interventions must consider Proximity to resources and to recreational facilities, Social support, Transportation, Neighborhood security and User-friendliness of the walking environment. Future studies should include both mobility and social participation, and investigate how they are associated with 'Attitudes', and 'Services, systems and policies' in older adults, including disadvantaged older adults
Hypoventilation alvéolaire et obésité (présentation et étude de faisabilité d'un protocole de recherche diagnostique et thérapeutique multicentrique)
NANCY1-SCD Medecine (545472101) / SudocPARIS-BIUM (751062103) / SudocSudocFranceF
- âŠ