Alien Registration- Rouleau, Jean E. (Madawaska, Aroostook County)

https://digitalmaine.com/alien_docs/35204/thumbnail.jp

Probabilistic window opening model considering occupant behavior diversity : a data-driven case study of Canadian residential buildings

It was found from monitored data from eight dwellings in a case study building in Quebec City (Canada) that there are clear differences in the window opening behavior between different households. This paper aims to develop from data a probabilistic window opening model that accounts for occupant behavior. Logit regression is employed to predict the state (opened/closed) of windows according to indoor and outdoor temperatures environmental and temporal parameters. To replicate the diversity of behavior, normal distribution functions applied to the logit regression coefficients are used so that simulated occupants respond differently to environmental stimuli. It was found that the model offers good prediction for the monitoring by only using the outdoor and indoor temperatures as predictors. The proposed methodology was tested by simulating 10,000 times a full validation year of the case study building and comparing the results with measured data. The agreement was good. The model overestimated slightly the total frequency of window opening in the dwellings and the number of window changes-of-state. A vast range of window opening behavior was generated by the model, showing its ability to reproduce both the aggregated window opening behavior and the diversity of behaviors of the case study building

An Econometric Analysis of Intergenerational Reliance on Social Assistance

This paper examines the intergenerational transmission of participation in Québec's social assistance program. The analysis takes into account two sources of intergenerational transmission: one that is due to a causal link between parents' and children's participation and one that is due to a correlation between individual or environment-specific characteristics across generations. Our data come from the records of Québec's Ministère de la Solidarité Sociale and cover 17,203 young people who were 18 years old in 1990 and whose parents were recipients of social assistance during at least one month between 1979 and 1990. Our results reveal that, on average, a one-month increase in the parental participation during the youth's pre-adult years (age 7-17) raises the youth's participation by about 0.15 month during early adulthood (age 18-21). Moreover, this impact is stronger during the early stages of childhood (age 7-9) and late adolescence (age 16-17).Dynamics of social assistance participation, Intergenerational correlation, Canadian welfare programmes

Impact of window-to-wall ratio on heating demand and thermal comfort when considering a variety of occupant behavior profiles

Energy consumption and thermal comfort in residential buildings are highly influenced by occupant behavior, which exhibits a high level of day-to-day and dwelling-to-dwelling variance. Although occupant behavior stochastic models have been developed in the past, the analysis or selection of a building design parameter is typically based on simulations that use a single “average” occupant behavior schedule which does not account for all possible profiles. The objective of this study is to enhance the understanding of how window-to-wall ratio (WWR) of a residential unit affects heating demand and thermal comfort when considering occupant behavior diversity through a parametric analysis. To do so, a stochastic occupant behavior model generates a high number of possible profiles, which are then used as input in an energy simulation of the dwelling. As a result, one obtains probability distributions of energy consumption and comfort for different WWR values. The paper shows that the shape of the probability distributions is affected by WWR and dwelling orientation, and that the influence of different occupant behavior aspects on performance also varies with WWR. This work could help designers to better assess the impact of WWR for a large spectrum of possible occupant behavior profiles

New concept of combined hydro-thermal response tests (H/ TRTs) for ground heat exchangers

Current thermal response tests, used to estimate the subsurface thermal conductivity in the geothermal domain, are not designed to take into account groundwater flows. To measure the flow parameters, a new concept has been developed. Heating cables are installed within a borehole in contact to the formation, with three temperature probes strategically located at the edge of the borehole. Study of the evolution of temperature for each probe during both a heat injection phase and a recovery period allows determining ground thermal conductivity, groundwater flow velocity and orientation. Numerical simulations have been used to validate the proposed concept and establish its limit

Time domain finite element analysis of structures with fractional viscoelastic damping using time-diffusive scheme

This work aims at simulating the time response of a structure damped by viscoelastic materials. The structure is discretised by finite elements and a 4-parameter fractional derivative model is used to describe the frequency-dependency of the mechanical properties of the viscoelastic material. The proposed approach combines a classical Newmark time-integration scheme to solve the semi-discretised equation of motion with a diffusive representation of fractional derivatives. This approach is applied to a finite element model, and validated on a single degree-of-freedom system for which an analytical solution can be derived

Développement d'un nouveau concept de test de réponse thermo-hydraulique pour échangeurs de chaleur géothermiques verticaux

Il est important de connaître la conductivité thermique du sol ainsi que l’amplitude et l’orientation de la vitesse des écoulements souterrains lors du dimensionnement d’un champ de puits géothermiques. Ce mémoire présente la méthodologie et les conclusions d’une analyse numérique d’un nouveau concept de test de réponse thermique (TRT) pour échangeurs de chaleur géothermiques verticaux. Cette configuration de TRT permet de mesurer à la fois les propriétés hydrauliques du sol et ses propriétés thermiques. Le but premier du mémoire est de vérifier la validité du concept pour ensuite développer une méthode de résolution permettant d’estimer, à partir de la réponse thermique lors du TRT, la conductivité thermique du sol ainsi que la norme et l’orientation de la vitesse des écoulements souterrains. Pour ce faire un modèle numérique de puits a été construit avec la méthode des éléments finis afin d’effectuer des simulations numériques de la réponse thermique dans diverses conditions. À partir de ces simulations, il a été possible de démontrer le potentiel du concept de TRT et d’élaborer des méthodologies pour retrouver les propriétés désirées. Une méthode de résolution graphique est d’abord présentée. Dans un second temps, le formalisme des problèmes inverses est appliqué afin d’obtenir une deuxième méthode de mesure des paramètres du sol. Les résultats montrent que le TRT proposé permet de retrouver ces paramètres dans la plupart des scénarios envisagés.It is important to know the subsurface thermal conductivity and the groundwater flow parameters (i.e. its velocity and orientation) when sizing a geothermal borefield. This master’s thesis presents a methodology and the conclusions of a numerical analysis of a novel thermal response test (TRT) concept for vertical geothermal heat exchangers. This configuration of TRT is able to measure both the hydraulic and the thermal properties of the ground. The main objective behind this work is to validate the concept and then to develop an efficient methodology to obtain from the thermal response of the TRT an estimation of the ground thermal conductivity along with the velocity and the orientation of groundwater flows. To achieve this, a numerical model of borehole was built using the finite element method. This model was then used to simulate the thermal response for various conditions. From these simulations, it has been possible to demonstrate the potential of the concept and to elaborate methodologies to find the desired properties. A graphical method is first presented. Following that, inverse problem techniques were applied to get a second measurement methodology. Results show that the suggested TRT is able to find the parameters in most of the cases