560 research outputs found
Conditional Demand System for Beverages
Estimates of a conditional demand system for twelve beverages, based on the Rotterdam model subject to a full, first-order autoregressive process, are discussed. Impacts of beverage prices, total beverage expenditures and promotions on beverage quantities demanded are provided. The results indicate that all beverages were normal goods; the majority had price elastic demands; most had a relatively large own-promotion effect; and a number of significant cross-promotional effects exist, indicating a relatively high level of competition for market share among the beverages studied.conditional demand system, beverages, Agribusiness,
Production and Price Effects of New Diseases and Other Challenges Confronting the Processed Orange Industry
Sao Paulo and Florida are the primary producers of orange juice. Both regions face production challenges. In this paper, a model of the world orange juice market is used to analyze the effect of citrus greening and high sugarcane prices on the production and price of orange juice.Crop Production/Industries, Demand and Price Analysis, Production Economics,
Effect of oxygen plasma etching on graphene studied with Raman spectroscopy and electronic transport
We report a study of graphene and graphene field effect devices after
exposure to a series of short pulses of oxygen plasma. We present data from
Raman spectroscopy, back-gated field-effect and magneto-transport measurements.
The intensity ratio between Raman "D" and "G" peaks, I(D)/I(G) (commonly used
to characterize disorder in graphene) is observed to increase approximately
linearly with the number (N(e)) of plasma etching pulses initially, but then
decreases at higher Ne. We also discuss implications of our data for extracting
graphene crystalline domain sizes from I(D)/I(G). At the highest Ne measured,
the "2D" peak is found to be nearly suppressed while the "D" peak is still
prominent. Electronic transport measurements in plasma-etched graphene show an
up-shifting of the Dirac point, indicating hole doping. We also characterize
mobility, quantum Hall states, weak localization and various scattering lengths
in a moderately etched sample. Our findings are valuable for understanding the
effects of plasma etching on graphene and the physics of disordered graphene
through artificially generated defects.Comment: 10 pages, 5 figure
Casimir Effect for Spherical Shell in de Sitter Space
The Casimir stress on a spherical shell in de Sitter background for massless
scalar field satisfying Dirichlet boundary conditions on the shell is
calculated. The metric is written in conformally flat form. Although the metric
is time dependent no particles are created. The Casimir stress is calculated
for inside and outside of the shell with different backgrounds corresponding to
different cosmological constants. The detail dynamics of the bubble depends on
different parameter of the model. Specifically, bubbles with true vacuum inside
expand if the difference in the vacuum energies is small, otherwise they
collapse.Comment: 9 pages, submitted to Class. Quantum Gra
Particle creation in an oscillating spherical cavity
We study the creation of massless scalar particles from the quantum vacuum
due to the dynamical Casimir effect by spherical shell with oscillating radius.
In the case of a small amplitude of the oscillation, to solve the infinite set
of coupled differential equations for the instantaneous basis expansion
coefficients we use the method based on the time-dependent perturbation theory
of the quantum mechanics. To the first order of the amplitude we derive the
expressions for the number of the created particles for both parametric
resonance and non-resonance cases.Comment: 8 pages, LaTeX, no figure
Molecular typing and antimicrobial resistance profiling of 33 mastitis-related Staphylococcus aureus isolates from cows in the Comarca Lagunera region of Mexico
Mastitis in cows is a major cause of economic losses and it is commonly associated with Staphylococcus aureus. Little is known about the S. aureus lineages causing mastitis in Mexican cattle. The aim of this study was to type S. aureus isolates causing mastitis in cows from the Comarca Lagunera region in Mexico in 2015-2016. Multi-locus variable number tandem repeat fingerprinting (MLVF) of 33 S. aureus isolates obtained from 210 milk samples revealed the MLVF clusters A (n = 1), B (n = 26), C (n = 5) and D (n = 1). Spa-typing showed that clusters A and B represent the spa-type t224, cluster C includes spa-types t3196 and t416, and cluster D represents spa-type t114. The different spa-types were mirrored by the masses of protein A bands as detected by Western blotting. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing showed that one isolate was susceptible to all antimicrobials tested, whereas all other strains were resistant only to benzylpenicillin. These findings show that only four S. aureus lineages, susceptible to most antimicrobials, were responsible for causing mastitis at the time of sampling. Lastly, many isolates carried the same small plasmid, designated pSAM1. The high prevalence of pSAM1 amongst the antimicrobial-susceptible isolates suggests an association with bovine colonization or mastitis rather than antimicrobial resistance
Beam heat load analysis with COLDDIAG: a cold vacuum chamber for diagnostics
The knowledge of the heat intake from the electron beam is essential to design the cryogenic layout of superconducting insertion devices. With the aim of measuring the beam heat load to a cold bore and understanding the responsible mechanisms, a cold vacuum chamber for diagnostics (COLDDIAG) has been built. The instrumentation comprises temperature sensors, pressure gauges, mass spectrometers and retarding field analyzers, which allow to study the beam heat load and the influence of the cryosorbed gas layer. COLDDIAG was installed in the storage ring of the Diamond Light Source from September 2012 to August 2013. During this time measurements were performed for a wide range of machine conditions, employing the various measuring capabilities of the device. Here we report on the analysis of the measured beam heat load, pressure and gas content, as well as the low energy charged particle flux and
spectrum as a function of the electron beam parameters
Observation of Electron Clouds in the ANKA Undulator by Means of the Microwave Transmission Method
A superconducting undulator is installed in the ANKA electron storage ring. Electron clouds could potentially contribute to the heat load of this device. A microwave transmission type electron cloud diagnostic has been installed for the undulator section of the ANKA machine. We present the system layout with particular emphasis on the electron machine aspects. Hardware transfer function results and e-cloud data for different machine settings are discussed. Special care has been taken for front end filter design both on the microwave injection and pick-up side
Pade approximants for the ground-state energy of closed-shell quantum dots
Analytic approximations to the ground-state energy of closed-shell quantum
dots (number of electrons from 2 to 210) are presented in the form of two-point
Pade approximants. These Pade approximants are constructed from the small- and
large-density limits of the energy. We estimated that the maximum error,
reached for intermediate densities, is less than 3%. Within the present
approximation the ground-state is found to be unpolarized.Comment: 4 pages, RevTeX, 3 ps figure
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