326 research outputs found

    Multiply subtractive generalized Kramers-Kronig relations: application on third harmonic generation susceptibility on polysilane

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    We present multiply subtractive Kramers-Kronig (MSKK) relations for the moments of arbitrary order harmonic generation susceptibility. Using experimental data on third-harmonic wave from polysilane, we show that singly subtractive Kramers-Kronig (SSKK) relations provide better accuracy of data inversion than the conventional Kramers-Kronig (K-K) relations. The fundamental reason is that SSKK and MSKK relations have strictly faster asymptotic decreasing integrands than the conventional K-K relations. Therefore SSKK and MSKK relations can provide a reliable optical data inversion procedure based on the use of measured data only.Comment: 14 pages, 2 figure

    Evaluating cross-platform mobile app performance with video-based measurements

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    Smartphone sales are nowadays centered around two platforms: Apple’s iOS and Google’s Android. These two platforms are vastly different and generally a native app made for one platform can’t be used on the other, which means that organizations have to develop two separate apps to reach customers on both platforms. Several cross-platform mobile app development tools have been created to address this issue by allowing developers to write the app once and have the tool work as an intermediary that makes the app run on both platforms. These tools generally work by using workarounds and creating abstractions on top of native SDKs, which can cause performance overhead. This study investigated the performance of apps created with these kinds of tools when compared to native apps. To test the performance of apps created with these tools, a benchmarking app was implemented with five different cross-platform development tools and the native development tools of Android and iOS. The tests measured how fast apps could perform tasks like opening a new screen and reacting to a button press. Collecting measurements that are comparable between apps created with different tools was done by adopting a method previously used to test input lag in games. This method involves recording a video of the device running the test and then the video is analyzed frame by frame. The videos were captured using a high-speed video camera and screen recording software. The results showed that the cross-platform apps often have some areas where they perform worse than their native counterparts, especially on Android. These problematic areas included app launch times, moving between screens and displaying a list of items. The performance disadvantages however weren’t generally significant enough to make using cross-platform tools a bad choice for organizations looking to reduce their app development costs, but some attention needs to be paid when selecting which tool to use

    Matkailu ja matkailun tutkimus: Reagoinnista ennakointiin

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    KestÀvÀ matkailu: katsaus tutkimusteemoihin ja -tarpeisiin

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    KestĂ€vyys on yksi matkailututkimuksen keskeisistĂ€ tutkimusteemoista ja matkailutalouden kehittĂ€misen tavoitteista. TĂ€mĂ€ tekee kestĂ€vĂ€n matkailun tarkastelusta sekĂ€ akateemisesti ettĂ€ matkailupoliittisesti tĂ€rkeÀÀ. TĂ€ssĂ€ katsauksessa tarkastellaan kestĂ€vĂ€n matkailun tutkimuksen keskeisiĂ€ teemoja erityisesti Matkailututkimus -lehdessĂ€ vuosina 2005–2023 julkaistujen artikkelien perusteella. Tavoitteena on luoda yleiskuva kestĂ€vĂ€n matkailun tutkimuksen teemoista suhteessa alan kansainvĂ€liseen tutkimuskenttÀÀn, ja tunnistaa sen avulla nykyisiĂ€ ja tulevaisuuden tutkimustarpeita. Matkailututkimus -lehdessĂ€ julkaistujen artikkelien perusteella keskeisiĂ€ kestĂ€vĂ€n matkailun tutkimusteemoja ovat olleet: (1) Luonnonsuojelualueiden kestĂ€vĂ€ matkailu ja sen hallinta; (2) KestĂ€vĂ€ matkailu ja lĂ€hi-ilmiöt; (3) Kulttuuri, paikallisuus ja yhteisöt kestĂ€vĂ€ssĂ€ matkailussa; (4) Ilmastonmuutos ja matkailun kestĂ€vyys; ja (5) Maaseutumatkailu ja kestĂ€vyys. NĂ€iden teemojen perusteella Matkailututkimus -lehden kestĂ€vĂ€n matkailun tutkimus on seurannut hyvin aikaansa, ja se on pysynyt temaattisesti kiinni alan kansainvĂ€lisessĂ€ tutkimuskentĂ€ssĂ€. Toisaalta Matkailututkimus -lehdessĂ€ julkaistujen teemojen osalta on havaittavissa katvealueita suhteessa kestĂ€vĂ€n matkailun kansainvĂ€liseen tutkimukseen. Keskeisin nĂ€istĂ€ on kestĂ€vĂ€n matkailun kehittĂ€misen tutkimus luonnonsuojelualuekontekstin ulkopuolella. LisĂ€ksi kansainvĂ€liseen kestĂ€vĂ€n matkailun hallinnon tutkimukseen olennaisesti liittyvĂ€t kestĂ€vyyden indikaattorien, YK:n kestĂ€vĂ€n kehityksen tavoitteiden ja matkailun globaaliin vastuuseen ja oikeudenmukaisuuteen liittyvĂ€t tarkastelut pÀÀosin puuttuvat. Tulevaisuudessa matkailun, kestĂ€vĂ€n kehityksen ja ilmastonmuutoksen poleemisen suhteen lisĂ€tutkimukselle on myös tarvetta. TĂ€ssĂ€ mielessĂ€ matkailun kasvun irtikytkentĂ€ hiilidioksidipÀÀstöjen kasvusta muodostaa tĂ€rkeĂ€n tutkimustarpeen

    Turismin ja paikallisuuden kohtaamisia Namibiassa

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    Postmodernia matkailua: Vaihtoehtoisia lÀhestymistapoja?

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    Cultural tourism: new opportunities for diversifying the tourism industry in Botswana

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    Botswana is known as a wilderness and safari-tourism destination, which attracts high-end overseas visitors to the country. Since the 1990s the country’s tourism policy has been based on a so called ‘High Value – Low Volume’ (HVLV) strategy referring to the aim of attracting limited numbers of tourists with high expenditure patterns. However, while such tourism operations have contributed to the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of the country and offered investment opportunities for international companies, the position of Botswana as a HVLV destination is increasingly criticised. It is seen as offering too narrow prospects for the growth of the industry and for the local participation and benefit sharing in tourism in future. Hence, there is a need for diversification of the product with deeper involvement of local people to tourism. Therefore, communities and Botswana’s cultural and heritage attractions are increasingly seen as one of the future cornerstones of tourism development. This paper provides an overview of cultural tourism with specific reference to existing cultural and heritage attractions and the potential thereof for tourism in Botswana. The paper concludes that while the role of culture is still underutilised in tourism, the cultural tourism in Botswana has the potential to contribute to a more equitable distribution of tourism-based development and the related benefits for local communities
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