18 research outputs found
A standardisation framework for bioâlogging data to advance ecological research and conservation
Bioâlogging data obtained by tagging animals are key to addressing global conservation challenges. However, the many thousands of existing bioâlogging datasets are not easily discoverable, universally comparable, nor readily accessible through existing repositories and across platforms, slowing down ecological research and effective management. A set of universal standards is needed to ensure discoverability, interoperability and effective translation of bioâlogging data into research and management recommendations.
We propose a standardisation framework adhering to existing data principles (FAIR: Findable, Accessible, Interoperable and Reusable; and TRUST: Transparency, Responsibility, User focus, Sustainability and Technology) and involving the use of simple templates to create a data flow from manufacturers and researchers to compliant repositories, where automated procedures should be in place to prepare data availability into four standardised levels: (a) decoded raw data, (b) curated data, (c) interpolated data and (d) gridded data. Our framework allows for integration of simple tabular arrays (e.g. csv files) and creation of sharable and interoperable network Common Data Form (netCDF) files containing all the needed information for accuracyâofâuse, rightful attribution (ensuring data providers keep ownership through the entire process) and data preservation security.
We show the standardisation benefits for all stakeholders involved, and illustrate the application of our framework by focusing on marine animals and by providing examples of the workflow across all data levels, including filled templates and code to process data between levels, as well as templates to prepare netCDF files ready for sharing.
Adoption of our framework will facilitate collection of Essential Ocean Variables (EOVs) in support of the Global Ocean Observing System (GOOS) and interâgovernmental assessments (e.g. the World Ocean Assessment), and will provide a starting point for broader efforts to establish interoperable bioâlogging data formats across all fields in animal ecology
Influence of density stratification on effluent plume dynamics
In this study we modelled sea temperature (T ), salinity (S) and density field
dynamics using a 3D numerical model applied to Rijeka Bay (Croatia) in order
to explore their effect on effluent plume dynamics in the vicinity of four submarine
sewage outfalls when the bora wind (NE direction) is blowing. The vertical density
stratification in the area studied is strongly related to the bora wind, which
contributes significantly to the lowering of the pycnocline depth through enhanced mixing in the vertical, giving rise to changes in the neutral buoyancy level. The
features of near-field plume dynamics were calculated with the use of a separate
near-field numerical model, using information on the vertical density distribution
previously calculated using a 3D numerical model.
The results of the numerical simulations and statistical analysis of the wind
data indicate a very low probability of complete water column homogenization and
consequent effluent plume rise to the sea surface under the influence of the bora
wind during the peak tourist season (MayâSeptember)